Salam.. i have finally decided to print out my notes in the form of book ...InshahAllah soon i will contact Mr shahid for publishing my book..
Today i will write one question from my notes,i hope you people will benefit..comments would be appreciated..Again i must say that i got 88/100 in my masters (political Science)plus 60+ in css 2010 through these notes..
Q:Write a detailed note on khilafat movement?
Ans:
Introduction by scholarly views:
"The truth of the matter would seem
to be that Indian muslims were weak
and therefore insecure.They always
looked for something to lean upon for
strength and security.Now they were
on the look out for a fresh anchor
and they found it in the khilafat"
...Dr. Waheed-uz-zaman..
F.Rahman sees the khilafat movement in the similar spirit:
"It was perhaps more semi-consciously
a bid for finding muslim security in a
future independent india over a non-
Muslim majority".
Keeping in view the political scenario,heterogeneity and Muslims position in India,a writer says:
"This was a wrong ideology,romantic
and out of touch with actualities".
..W.C Smith..
Critical Analysis of the movement:
1)Jinnah's idea of the movement came true:
"Gandhi's extreme programme has for
the movement struck the imaginations
mostly of the inexperianced youth and
the ignorant and the illiterate.All this
means complete disorganization and
chaos."
At another incident,he replied to Gandhi:
"Your way is wrong way;mine is the
right way-the constitutional way is
the right way".
All these came trueat the end of the movement when it turned violent.
2)Ill fate of Gandhi's vision:
"I claim that with us both khilafat is
a central fact,with Maulana M.Ali,it
is his religion,with me because in
laying down my life for khilkafat,I
ensure the safety of cow,that is my
religion from the muslaman knife."
This was Gandhi's vision.
Immediately fatwa came from M.Abdul Bari for cow protection but all this
was very temporary.
Secondly,by assuming the leadershipof both khilafat and congress,gandhi
felt that he smashed two nation theory.
"He was bent on retaining the Muslims
under his banner which he considered
as his life mission."
..S.K Mujamdar..
"But he could not retain it for more
than four years."
...M.Munawar.
Thirdly,Gandhi in his mind swaraj;
"For Gandi Khilafat was a weapon which
he could use to further move Indian's
advance towards swaraj".
..Dr. K.Bin saeed..
But he himself called off the non-cooperation movement.This further agitated
Muslims as well as Nehru swaraj committee.
3)Short lived unity: A strong appeal was made by Gandhi for Hindu Muslim unity:
"We both now have an opportunity of
life time,if the Hindus wish to cultivate
the eternal friendship with the muslims,
they must perish with them in the
attempt to vindicate the honour of
Islam".
So what happened was that people to people contact took place for the
first time.Thousands of hindus and Muslims sat together in the public
meetings and went to prison:
"Thus they saw each other for the
first time in twelve hundred years
from very close quarters.Therefore
they fell apart.The schism that
occured was wider than ever before".
..M.Munawar
4)Movement resulted in violence:
"It could not be denied that the
rugged outlines of the movement
were in the tune with the kind of
emotional and religious ideology that
khilafat movement was propagating."
Bin Saeed..
This point was earlier emphasized over by Mr jinnah.However,during
and after vthe movement communal riots remained central.The incident
of chauri chaura,Molpah rising,Hindu movements were the results.the movement turned into religiously violent one.
5)Moplah Rising:
"Moplahs were bitter:bitterly anti-hindu;
bitterly anti-british:bitterly against the
world that give them only misery".
W.C smith
"Moplahs rising in august 1921,was a
clear indication of both the confused
nature of khilafat movement".
K.Bin Saeed..
Concluding words:
I.H Qureshi drew a remarkable conclusion:
"Though khilafat movement achieved no
ostensible success,yet it was of
considerable value as an instrument
of creating public consciousness in the
muslim masses.It provided a broadbased
leadership to the muslims. THese proved
great assets in the struggle for Pakistan".
The question is very lenghty ,i hv just elaborated some imp points....
