“A great majority of the Muslim seats was won by the Punjab Unionist Party Of Sir Fazl-i-Hussain. It is true that the Muslim League won only 102 out of the maximum 482 seats but how far did the Congress succeed in capturing Muslim seats? It contested only 58 seats and won only 26. Thus it represents only 5 per cent of India Muslims. Moreover, most of the Congress successes in Muslim constituencies were in the NWFP. It was in the two Muslim provinces of the Punjab and Bengal that the Congress claim of representing Muslims was put to the hardest test, and in both it failed miserably. In the Punjab it captured only 18 seats out of 175 and in Bengal only 60 seats out of 250. Its performance in Sindh was hardly better where it won 8 seats out of 60.”

“the Congress leaders, “placed their actions and their consciences at the disposition of an irresponsible central caucus, regardless of their duty to their own constituents, to the provinces over which they were called upon to rule, to the elected chambers whose confidence was their own claim to office.”

“The Congress dictatorship, “vitiated responsible party government, deprived India of half the invaluable experience that she was gaining in the responsibilities of her own government and convinced the Muslims and other minorities that weightages in the legislature and like safeguards were valueless, since all was subordinated to an irresponsible caucus at Wardha.”

“The crucial Jinnah-Gandhi talks took place at Bombay in September 1944 but failed to reconcile the differences between the two leaders. The heart of the matter was that the Muslims did not trust the Hindus and refused to accept Gandhi’s word that partition would be effected when the British had departed, Jinnah wanted his Pakistan then and there before the British went----The talks failed but brought some solid advantages to the Muslims. By the simple fact of agreeing to meet Jinnah as the representative of the Muslims, the Congress had tacitly abandoned its claim to speak for all India. It now acknowledged the Muslim League as a power with which terms must be made. Further the sharpness and depth of the differences between the two peoples were revealed. No longer could the Congress take shelter behind the pretence that no communal problem gnawed at India’s vital parts and that all was wee. Jinnah had won a clear victory by getting Gandhi to recognize Pakistan. This gave wide publicity to his Two-Nation Theory.”

“The elections of 1946 had been fought on the issue of Pakistan and the Muslims of thee Punjab had given a clear verdict in its favour. The Hindus were opposed to Pakistan because it implied the partition of India.”

“The developments in the Punjab call for two comments. In the first place the Congress anxiety to forge alliance with the enemies of the League showed that it was prepared to go to any length to keep the League out of the office in a province which was considered the heart of Pakistan. The general policy of the Congress towards ministry making in Muslim provinces was thus one of obstruction and intrigue. The idea was to harass the League parliamentary parties so that no ministry could come into office and if this was unfruitful to intrigue against the League administrations with a view to breaking them. Sindh and the Punjab conclusively prove the truth of this conclusion.”

“The Committees began their work in the third week of June and were expected to submit their reports within a month. Every effort was made to represent to the Partition Council agreed recommendations for their decision. The Committees were able to reach agreement in their recommendations over a considerable area and the Steering Committee which considered the reports in the first instance was successful in reaching agreement on the bulk of the unsettled points.”

“My thoughts are with those valiant fighters in our cause who readily sacrificed all they had, including their lives to make Pakistan possible.”