Why Pakistan take loans?
Pakistan takes loans for following main reasons:
- IMF loans for bridging BOP deficit
- Debt Payments on already taken loans
- World Bank/ADB loans etc for different sectors/Developmental projects/purposes like defence health, education, energy sector etc.
Apart from interest bearing loans, Pakistan also receives aid from different sources like US/UNDP aid etc.
Pak- Afghan transit trade
Refer to the following links for detail:
Pakistan, Afghanistan reach transit trade agreement
Historic Afghanistan Pakistan Transit Trade Agreement Signed | afghanistan.usaid.gov
HDI? What are its parameters? Who invented this measure?
Human Development Index (HDI) is an index used to rank countries by level of 'Human Development'. HDI includes four indicators and three dimensions: The indicators are Life expectancy at birth, Mean years of schooling, Expected years of schooling and Gross national income per capita. The dimensions are Health, Education and Living standards.
The index was developed in 1990 by two economists Mahbub ul Haq (Pakistani) and Amartya Sen (Indian).
Pakistan's number on Corruption index?
According to Transparency International's 2011 Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI), Pakistan ranked 134 among 182 countries. It means there are 46 countries in the world which are more corrupt than Pakistan
