Part VII
The Judicature
Chapter 1 The Court

175. Establishment and Jurisdiction of Courts
(1) There shall be a Supreme Court of Pakistan, a High Court for each Province and such other Courts as may be established by law.
(2) No Court shall have any jurisdiction save as is or may be conferred on it by the Constitution or by or under any law.
(3) The Judiciary shall be separated progressively from the Executive within [fourteen] years from the commencing day.

Chapter 2-Supreme Court of Pakistan

176. Constitution of Supreme Court
The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Justice to be known as the Chief Justice of Pakistan and so many other Judges as may be determined by Act of [Majlis-I-Shoora (Parliament)] or, until so determined, as may be fixed by the President.
177. Appointment of Supreme Court Judges
(1) The Chief Justice of Pakistan shall be appointed by the President, and each of the other Judges shall be appointed by the President after consultation with the Chief Justice.
(2) A person shall not be appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court unless he is a citizen of Pakistan; and-
(a) has for a period of, or for periods aggregating, not less than five years been a judge of a High Court (including High Court which existed in Pakistan at any time before the commencing day); or
(b) has for a period of, or for periods aggregating, not less than fifteen years been an Advocate of a High Court (including a High Court which existed in Pakistan at any time before the commencing day).
178. Oath of Office
Before entering upon office, the Chief Justice of Pakistan shall make before the President, and any other Judge of the Supreme Court shall make before the Chief Justice, oath in the form set out in the Third Schedule.
179. Retiring Age
1 A Judge of the Supreme Court shall hold office until he attains the age of sixty-five years, unless he sooner resigns or is removed from office in accordance with the Constitution.
1 Subs. by Act No III/2003,dated 31-12-2003

180 Acting Chief Justice
At any time when-
(a) the Office of Chief Justice of Pakistan is vacant; or
(b) the Chief Justice of Pakistan is absent or is unable to perform the functions of his office due to any other cause,
the President shall appoint [the most senior of the other Judges of the Supreme Court] to act as Chief Justice of Pakistan.
181. Acting Judges
(1) At any time when-
(a) the office of a Judge of the Supreme Court is vacant; or
(b) a Judge of the Supreme Court is absent or is unable to perform the functions of his office due to any other cause,
the President may, in the manner provided in clause (1) of Article 177, appoint a Judge of a High Court who is qualified for appointment as a Judge of the Supreme Court to act temporarily as a Judge of the Supreme Court.
[Explanation._ In this clause ‘Judge of a High Court’ includes a person who has retired as a Judge of a High Court].
(2) An appointment under this Article shall continue in force until it is revoked by the President.
182. Appointment of ad hoc Judges
If at any time it is not possible for want of quorum of Judges of the Supreme Court to hold or continue any sitting of the Court, or for any other reason it is necessary to increase temporarily the number of Judges of the Supreme Court, the Chief Justice of Pakistan may, in writing,-
(a) With the approval of the President, request any person who has held the office of a Judge of that Court and since whose ceasing to hold that office three years have not elapsed; or
(b) with the approval of the President and with the consent of the Chief Justice of a High Court, require a Judge of that Court qualified for appointment as a Judge of the Supreme Court,
to attend sittings of the Supreme Court as an ad hoc Judge for such period as may be necessary and while so attending an ad hoc Judge shall have the same power and jurisdiction as a Judge of the Supreme Court.
183. Seat of the Supreme Court
(1) The permanent seat of the Supreme Court shall, subject to clause (3), be at Islamabad.
(2) The Supreme Court may from time to time sit in such other places as the Chief Justice of Pakistan, with the approval of the President, may appoint.
(3) Until provision is made for establishing the Supreme Court at Islamabad, the seat of the Court shall be at such place as the President may appoint.
184. Original Jurisdiction of Supreme Court
(1) The Supreme Court shall, to the exclusion of every other Court, have original jurisdiction in any dispute between any two or more Governments.
Explanation. _ In this clause, “Governments” means the Federal Government and the Provincial Governments.
(2) In the exercise of the jurisdiction conferred on it by clause (1), the Supreme Court shall pronounce declaratory judgments only.
(3) Without prejudice to the provisions of Articles 199, the Supreme Court shall, if it considers that a question of public importance with reference to the enforcement of any of the Fundamental Rights conferred by Chapter I of Part II is involved, have the power to make an order of the nature mentioned in the said Article.
185. (1) Subject to this Article, the Supreme Court shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine appeals from judgments, decrees, final orders or sentences of a High Court.
(2) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgment, decree, final order or sentence of a High Court-
(a) if the High Court has on appeal reversed an order of acquittal of an accused person and sentenced him to death or to transportation for life or imprisonment for life; or, on revision, has enhanced a sentence to a sentence as aforesaid;
(b) if the High Court has withdrawn for trial before itself any case from any Court subordinate to it and has in such trial convicted the accused person and sentenced him as aforesaid; or
(c) if the High Court has imposed any punishment on any person for contempt of the High Court; or
(d) if the amount or value of the subject-matter of the dispute in the Court of first instance was, and also in dispute in appeal is, not less than fifty thousand rupees or such other sum as may be specified in that behalf by Act of [Majlis-I-Shoora (Parliament)] and the judgment, decree or final order appealed from has varied or set aside the judgment, decree or final order of the Court immediately below; or
(e) if the judgment, decree or final order involves directly or indirectly some claim or question respecting property of the like amount or value and the judgment, decree or final order appealed from has varied or set aside the judgment, decree or final order of the Court immediately below; or
(f) if the High Court certifies that the case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the Constitution.
(3) An appeal to the Supreme Court from a judgment, decree, order or sentence of a High Court in a case to which clause (2) does not apply shall lie only if the Supreme Court grants leave to appeal.
186. Advisory Jurisdiction
(1) If, at any time, the President considers that it is desirable to obtain the opinion of the Supreme Court on any question of law which he considers of public importance, he may refer the question to the Supreme Court for consideration.
(2) The Supreme Court shall consider a question so referred and report its opinion on the question to the President.

186A Power of Supreme Court to transfer cases
The Supreme Court may, if it considers it expedient to do so in the interest of justice, transfer any case, appeal or other proceedings pending before any High Court to any other High Court.]
187. Issue and Execution of Processes of Supreme Court
(1) [Subject to clause (2) of Article 175, the] Supreme Court shall have power to issue such directions, orders or decrees as may be necessary for doing complete justice in any case or matter pending before it, including an order for the purpose of securing the attendance of any person or the discovery or production of any document.
(2) Any such direction, order or decree shall be enforceable throughout Pakistan and shall, where it is to be executed in a Province, or a territory or an area not forming part of a Province but within the jurisdiction of the High Court of the Province, be executed as if it had been issued by the High Court of that Province.
(3) If a question arises as to which High Court shall give effect to a direction, order or decree of the Supreme Court, the decision of the Supreme Court on the question shall be final.
188. Review of Judgments or Orders by the Supreme Court

The Supreme Court shall have power, subject to the provisions of any Act of [Majlis-I-Shoora (Parliament)] and of any rules made by the Supreme Court, to review any judgment pronounced or any order made by it.
189. Decisions of Supreme Court binding on other Courts
Any decision of the Supreme Court shall, to the extent that it decides a question of law or is based upon or enunciates a principle of law, be binding on all other Courts in Pakistan.

190. Action in aid of Supreme Court
All executive and judicial authorities throughout Pakistan shall act in aid of the Supreme Court.
191. Rules of Procedure
Subject to the Constitution and law, the Supreme Court may make rules regulating the practice and procedure of the Court.

Chapter-3 The High Court

192. Constitution of High Court
(1) a High Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and so many other Judges as may be determined by law or, until so determined, as may be fixed by the President.
[(2) The Sind & Baluchistan High Court shall cease to function as a common High Court for the Provinces of Baluchistan and Sind.
(3) The President shall, by Order, establish a High Court for each of the Provinces of Baluchistan and Sind and may make such provision in the Order for the principal seats of the two High Courts, transfer of the Judges of the common High Court, transfer of cases pending in the common High Court immediately before the establishment of two high Courts and, generally, for matters consequential or ancillary to the common High Court ceasing to function and the establishment of the two High Courts as he may deem fit].
(4) The jurisdiction of a High Court may, by act of [Majlis-I-Shoora (Parliament)], be extended to any area in Pakistan not forming part of a Province.
193. Appointment of High Court Judges
(1) A Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President after consultation-
(a) with the Chief Justice of Pakistan;
(b) with the Governor concerned; and
(c) except where the appointment is that of Chief Justice, with the Chief Justice of the High Court.
(2) A person shall not be appointed a Judge of a High Court unless he is a citizen of Pakistan, is not less than 1[forty five] years of age, and-
(a) he has for a period of, or for periods aggregating, not less than ten years been an advocate of a High Court (including a High Court which existed in Pakistan at any time before the commencing day) ; or
(b) he is, and has for a period of not less than ten years been, a member of civil service prescribed by law for the purposes of this paragraph, and has, for a period of not less than three years, served as or exercised the functions of a District Judge in Pakistan; or
(c) he has, for a period of not less than ten years, held a judicial office in Pakistan.
[Explanation. _ In computing the period during which a person has been an advocate of a High Court or held judicial office, there shall be included any period during which he has held judicial office after he became an advocate or, as the case may be, the period during which he has been an advocate after having held judicial office].
(3) In this Article, “District Judge” means Judge of a principal civil Court of original jurisdiction.
Subs. by the Legal Framework Order, 2002(C.E's O. No. 24 of 2002), Art. 3and Sch., for forty years which was further which was further amended by (C.E's O. No. 29 of 2002), Art. 2
194. Oath of Office
Before entering upon office, the Chief Justice of a High Court shall make before the Governor, and any other Judge of the Court shall make before the Chief Justice, oath in the form set out in the Third Schedule.
195. Retiring age
6 A Judge of a High Court shall hold office until he attains the age of sixty-two years, unless he sooner resigns or is removed from office in accordance with the Constitution.
6 Subs by Act No.III/2003,dt 31-12-2003
196. Acting Chief Justice
At any time when-
(a) the office of Chief Justice of a High Court is vacant, or
(b) the Chief Justice of a High Court is absent or is unable to perform the functions of his office due to any other cause,
the President shall appoint [one of the other Judges of the High Court, or may request one of the Judges of the Supreme Court] to act as Chief Justice.
197. Additional Judges
At any time when-
(a) the office of a Judge of a High Court is vacant; or
(b) a Judge of High Court is absent or is unable to perform the functions of his office due to any other cause; or
(c) for any reason it is necessary to increase the number of Judges of a High Court,
the President may, in the manner provided in clause (i) of Article 193, appoint a person qualified for appointment as a Judge of the High Court to be Additional Judge of the Court for such period as the President may determine, being a period not exceeding such period, if any, as may be prescribed by law.
198. Seat of the High Court
[(1)] Each High Court in existence immediately before the commencing day shall continue to have its principal seat at the place where it had such seat before that day.
(2) Each High Court and the Judges and divisional courts thereof shall sit at its principal seat and the seats of its Benches and may hold, at any place within its territorial jurisdiction, circuit courts consisting of such of the Judges as may be nominated by the Chief Justice.
(3) The Lahore High Court shall have a Bench each at Bahawalpur, Multan and Rawalpindi, the High Court of Sind shall have a Bench at Sukkur, the Peshawar High Court shall have a Bench each at Abbottabad and Dera Ismail Khan and the High Court of Baluchistan shall have a Bench at Sibi.
(4) Each of the High Courts may have Benches at such other places as the Governor may determine on the advice of the Cabinet and in consultation with the Chief Justice of the High Court.
(5) A Bench referred to in clause (3), or established under clause (4), shall consist of such of the Judges of the High Court as may be nominated by the Chief Justice from time to time for a period of not less than one year.
(6) The Governor in consultation with the Chief Justice of the High Court shall make rules to provide the following matters, that is to say,-
(a) assigning the area in relation to which each Bench shall exercise jurisdiction vested in the High Court; and
(b) for all incidental, supplemental or consequential matters.]
199. Jurisdiction of High Court
(1) Subject to the Constitution, a High Court may, if it is satisfied that no other adequate remedy is provided by law,-
(a) on the application of any aggrieved party make an order-
(i) directing a person performing, within the territorial jurisdiction of the Court, functions in connection with the affairs of the Federation, a Province or a local authority, to refrain from doing anything he is not permitted by law to do, or to do anything he is required by law to do ; or
(ii) declaring that any act done or proceeding taken within the territorial jurisdiction of the Court by a person performing functions in connection with the affairs of the Federation, a Province or a local authority has been done or taken without lawful authority and is of no legal effect; or
(b) on the application of any person, make an order-
(i) directing that a person in custody within the territorial jurisdiction of the Court be brought before it so that the Court may satisfy itself that he is not being held in custody without lawful authority or in an unlawful manner; or
(ii) requiring a person within the territorial jurisdiction of the Court holding or purporting to hold a public office to show under what authority of law he claims to hold that office; or
(c) on the application of any aggrieved person, make an order giving such directions to any person or authority, including any Government exercising any power or performing any function in, or in relation to, any territory within the jurisdiction of that Court as may be appropriate for the enforcement of any of the Fundamental Rights conferred by Chapter I of Part II.
(2) Subject to the Constitution, the right to move a High Court for the enforcement of any of the Fundamental Rights conferred by Chapter I of Part II shall not be abridged.
(3) An order shall not be made under clause (1) on application made by or in relation to a person who is a member of the Armed Forces of Pakistan, or who is for the time being subject to any law relating to any of those Forces, in respect of his terms and conditions of service, in respect of any matter arising out of his service, or in respect of any action taken in relation to him as a member of the Armed Forces of Pakistan or as a person subject to such law].
* * * * * * *
(4) Where-
(a) an application is made to a High Court for an order under paragraph (a) or paragraph (c) of clause (1), and
(b) the making of an interim order would have the effect of prejudicing or interfering with the carrying out of a public work or of otherwise being harmful to public interest [or State property] or of impeding the assessment or collection of public revenues,
the Court shall not make an interim order unless the prescribed law officer has been given notice of the application and he or any person authorised by him in that behalf has had an opportunity of being heard and the Court, for reasons to be recorded in writing, is satisfied that the interim order-
(i) would not have such effect as aforesaid; or
(ii) would have the effect of suspending an order or proceeding which on the face of the record is without jurisdiction.
[(4-A) An interim order made by a High Court on an application made to it to question the validity or legal effect of any order made, proceeding taken or act done by any authority or person, which has been made, taken or done or purports to have been made, taken or done under any law which is specified in Part I of the First Schedule or relates to, or is connected with [State property or] assessment or collection of public revenues shall cease to have effect on the expiration of a period of [six months] following the day on which it is made,2 [Provided that the matter shall be finally decided by the High Court within six months from the date on which interim order is made].
2 * * * * *
(5) In this Article, unless the context otherwise requires,- “person” includes any body politic or corporate, any authority of or under the control of the Federal Government or of a Provincial Government, and any Court or tribunal, other than the Supreme Court, a High Court or a Court or tribunal established under a law relating to the Armed Forces of Pakistan; and
“prescribed law officer” means-
(a) in relation to an application affecting the Federal Government or an authority of or under the control of the Federal Government, the Attorney-General, and
(b) in any other case, the Advocate-General for the Province in which the application is made.
1 Subs. by the Legal Framework Order, 2002, (C.E's. O. No. 24 of 2002) Art.3 and Sch., for certain words
2 Cl (4B) omitted P.O No 14 of 1985, Art 2 and Sch,.
200 Transfer of High Court
1) The President may transfer a Judge of a High Court from one High Court to another High Court, but no Judge shall be so transferred except with his consent and after consultation by the President with the Chief Justice of Pakistan and the Chief Justices of both High Courts:
[Provided that such consent, or consultation with the Chief Justices of the High Courts, shall not be necessary if such transfer is for a period not exceeding [tow years] at a time.
Explanation. _ In this Article “Judge” does not include a Chief Justice [but includes a judge for the time being acting as Chief Justice of a High Court other than a judge of the Supreme Court acting as such in pursuance of a request made under paragraph (b) of Article 196].
a High Court.]
[(4)] A Judge of a High Court who does not accept transfer another High Court under Clause (1) shall be deemed to have retired from his office and, on such retirement, shall be entitled to receive a pension calculated on the basis of the length of his service as Judge and total service, if any, in the service of Pakistan].
201. Decision of High Court binding on Subordinate Courts
Subject to Article 189, any decision of a High Court shall, to the extent that it decides a question of law or is based upon or enunciates a principle of law, be binding on all Courts subordinate to it
202 Rules of Procedure
Subject to the Constitution and law, a High Court may make rules regulating the practice and procedure of the Court or of any Court subordinate to it.
203. High Court to superintend Subordinate Courts
Each High Court shall supervise and control all Courts subordinate to it.
203A Provisions of Chapter to override other Provisions of Constitution
The provisions of this Chapter shall have effect notwithstanding anything contained in the Constitution
203-B. Definitions
In this Chapter, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context,_
[(a) “Chief Justice” means Chief Justice of the Court;]
(b) “Court” means the Federal Shariat Court constituted in pursuance of Article 203-C;
[(bb) “Judge” means Judge of the Court];
(c)“Law” includes any custom or usage having the force of law but does not include the Constitution, Muslim Personal Law, any law relating to procedure of any Court or Tribunal or, until the expiration of [ten] years from the commencement of this Chapter, any fiscal law or any law relating to the levy and collection of taxes and fees or banking of insurance practice and procedure; and
* * * * *
203-C. The Federal Shariat Court
(1) There shall be constituted for the purposes of this Chapter a Court to be called the Federal Shariat Court.
[(2) The Court shall consist of not more than eight Muslim [Judges], including the [Chief Justice], to be appointed by the President].
(3) The [Chief Justice] shall be a person who is, or has been, or is qualified to be, a Judge of the Supreme Court or who is a or has been a permanent of a High Court Judge.
(3A) Of the Judges, not more than four shall be persons each one of whom is, or has been, or is qualified to be, a Judge of a High Court and not more than three shall be Ulema who are well-versed in Islamic Law.]
(4) The [Chief Justice] and a [Judge] shall hold office for a period not exceeding three years but may be appointed for such further term or terms as the President may determine:
Provided that a Judge of a High Court shall not be appointed to be a [Judge] for a period exceeding [two years] except with his consent and [, except where the Judge is himself the Chief Justice,] after consultation by the President with the Chief Justice of the High Court.
[(4-A) The [Chief Justice], if he is not a Judge of the Supreme Court, and a [Judge] who is not a Judge of a High Court, may, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office.]
[(4-B) The President may, at any time, by order in writing,-
(a) modify the term of appointment of a Judge;
(b) assign to a Judge any other office; and
(c) require a Judge to perform such other functions as the President may deem fit;
and pass such other order as he may consider appropriate.
Explanation._ In this clause and clause (4-C). “Judge” includes Chief Justice.
(4-C) While he is performing the functions which he is required under clause (4-B) to perform, or holding any other office assigned to him under that clause, a Judge shall be entitled to the same salary, allowances and privileges as are admissible to the Chief Justice or, as the case may be, Judge of the Court.]
(5) A Judge of High Court who does not accept appointment as a [Judge] shall be deemed to have retired from his office and, on such retirement, shall be entitled to receive a pension calculated on the basis of the length of his service as Judge and total service, if any, in the service of Pakistan.
(6) The Principal seat of the Court shall be at Islamabad, but the Court may from time to time sit in such other places in Pakistan as the [Chief Justice] may, with the approval of the President appoint.
(7) Before entering upon office, the [Chief Justice] the and [Judge] shall make before the President or a person nominated by him oath in the form set out, in the Third Schedule.
(8) At any time when the [Chief Justice] or a [Judge] is absent or is unable to perform the functions of the office, the President shall appoint another person qualified for the purpose to act as [Chief Justice] or, as the case may be, [Judge].
(9) A [Chief Justice] who is not a Judge of the Supreme Court shall be entitled to the same 1remuneration, allowances and privileges as are admissible to a Judge of the Supreme Court and a [Judge] who is not a Judge of High Court shall be entitled to the same 1[remuneration] , allowances and privileges as are admissible to a Judge of a High Court.
2Provided that where a judge is already drawing a pension for any other posts in the service of Pakistan, the amount of such pension shall be deducted from the pension admissible under this clause
1 Subs. by the Legal Framework Order, 2002, (C.E's. O. No. 24 of 2002) Art.3 and Sch., for "salary"
2Subs. and added by Legal Framework Order, 2002, (C.E's. O. No. 24 of 2002
[203-CC [Panel of Ulema and Ulema members.] Omitted by the Constitution (Second Amdt) Order, 1981 (P.O No. 7 of 1981), Art. 3, which was previously ins. By P.O. No. 5 of 1981, Art 2.
203-D. Powers, Jurisdiction and Functions of the Court
(1) The Court may, [either of its own motion or] on the petition of a citizen of Pakistan or the Federal Government or a Provincial Government, examine and decide the question whether or not any law or provision of law is repugnant to the Injunctions of Islam as laid down in the Holy Quran’ and the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet, (PBUH), hereinafter referred to as the Injunctions of Islam.
[(1-A) Where the Court takes up the examination of any law or provision of law under clause (1) and such law or provision of law appears to it to be repugnant to the Inunctions of Islam, the Court shall cause to be given to the Federal Government in the case of a law with respect to a matter in the Federal Legislative List or the Concurrent Legislative List, or to the Provincial Government in the case of a law with respect to a matter not enumerated in the either of those Lists, a notice specifying the particular provisions that appear to it to be so repugnant, and afford to such Government adequate opportunity to have it point of view placed before the Court.]
(2) If the Court decides that any law or provision of Law is repugnant to the Injunctions of Islam, it shall set out in its decision.-
(a) the reasons for its holding that opinion; and
(b) the extent to which such law or provision is so repugnant; and specify the day on which the decision shall take effect:
[Provided that no such decision shall be deemed to take effect before the expiration of the period within which an appeal therefrom may be preferred to the Supreme Court or, where an appeal has been so preferred, before the disposal of such appeal].
(3) If any law or provision of law is held by the Court to be repugnant to the Inunctions of Islam,-
(a) the President in the case of a law with respect to a matter in the Federal Legislative List or the Concurrent Legislative List, or the Governor in the case of a law with respect to a matter not enumerated in either of those Lists, shall take steps to amend the law so as to bring such law or provision into conformity with the Inunctions of Islam; and
(b) such law or provision shall, to the extent to which it is held to be so repugnant, cease to have effect on the day on which the decision of the Court takes effect.
[203-DD. Revision and other Jurisdiction of the Court
(1) The Court may call for an examine the record of any case decided by any criminal Court under any law relating to the enforcement of Hudood for the purpose of satisfying itself as to the correctness, legality or propriety of any finding, sentence or order recorded or passed by, and as to the regularity of any proceedings of such Court and may, when calling for such record, direct that the execution of any sentence be suspended and, if the accused is in confinement, that he be released on bail or on his own bond pending the examination of the record.
(2) In any case the record of which has been called for by the Court, the Court may pass such order as it may deem fit and may enhance the sentence:
Provided that nothing in this Article shall be deemed to authorise the Court to convert a finding of acquittal into one of conviction and no order under this Article shall be made to the prejudice of the accused unless he has had an opportunity of being heard in this own defence.
(3) The Court shall have such other jurisdiction as may be conferred on it by or under any law].
203-E Powers and Procedure of the Court
(1) For the purposes of the performance of its functions the Court shall have the powers of a civil Court trying a suit under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (Act V of 1908), in respect of the following matters, namely:-
(a) summoning and enforcing the attendance of any person and examining him on oath;
(b) requiring the discovery and production of any document;
(c) receiving evidence on affidavits; and
(d) issuing commissions for the examination of witnesses or documents.
(2) The court shall have power to conduct its proceedings and regulate its procedure in all respects as it deems fit.
(3) The Court shall have the power of a High Court to punish its own contempt.
(4) A party to any proceedings before the Court under clause (1) of Article 203-D may be represented by a legal practitioner who is a Muslim and has been enrolled as an Advocate of a High Court for a period of not less than five years or as an Advocate of the Supreme Court or by a jurisconsult selected by the party from out of a panel of jurisconsults maintained by the Court for the purpose.
(5) For being eligible to have his name borne on the panel of jurisconsults referred to in clause (4), a person shall be an Aalim who in the opinion of the Court, is well-versed in Shariat.
(6) A legal practitioner or jurisconsult representing a party before the Court shall not plead for the party but shall state, expound and interpret the Injunction of Islam relevant to the proceedings so far as may be known to him and submit to the Court a written statement of his interpretation of such Injunction of Islam.
(7) The Court may invite any person in Pakistan or abroad whom the Court considers to be well-versed in Islamic law to appear before it and render such assistance as may be required of him.
(8) No court-fee shall be payable in respect of any petition or application made to the Court under [Article 203-D].
[(9) The Court shall have power to review any decision given or order made by it].
203-F Appeal to Supreme Court
(1) Any party to any proceedings before the Court under Article 203-D aggrieved by the final decision of the Court in such proceedings may, within sixty days of such decision, prefer an appeal to the Supreme Court:
[Provided that an appeal on behalf of the Federation or of a Province may be preferred within six months of such decision].
(2) The provisions of clauses (2) and (3) of Article 203-D and clauses (4) to (8) of Article 203-E shall apply to and in relation to the Supreme Court as if reference in those provisions to Court were a reference to the Supreme Court.
[(2A) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgement, final order or sentence of the Federal Shariat Court-
(a) if the Federal Shariat Court has on appeal reversed an order of acquittal of an accused person and sentenced him to death or imprisonment for life or imprisonment for a term exceeding fourteen years; or, on revision, has enhanced a sentence as aforesaid; or
(b) if the Federal Shariat Court has imposed any punishment on any person for contempt of court.
(2B) An appeal to the Supreme Court from a judgment, decision, order or sentence of the Federal Shariat Court in a case to which the preceding clauses do not apply shall lie only if the Supreme Court grants leave to appeal.]
(3) For the purpose of the exercise of the jurisdiction conferred by this Article, there shall be constituted in the Supreme Court a Bench to be called the Shariat Appellate Bench and consisting of –
(a) three Muslim Judges of the Supreme Court; and
(b) not more than two Ulema to be appointed by the President to attend the sitting of the Bench and ad hoc member thereof from amongst the Judges of the Federal Shariat Court or from out of a panel of Ulema to be drawn up by the President in consultation with the Chief Justice.
(4) A person appointed under paragraph (b) of clause (3) shall hold office for such period as the President may determine.
(5) Reference in clauses (1) and (2) to “Supreme Court” shall be construed as a reference to the Shariat Appellate Bench.
(6) While attending sittings of the Shariat Appellate Bench a person, appointed under paragraph (b) of clause (3) shall have the same power and jurisdiction and be entitled to the same privileges, as a Judge of the Supreme Court, and be paid such allowances as the President may determine.]
203-G. Bar of Jurisdiction
Save as provided in Article 203-F, no Court or tribunal, including the Supreme Court and a High Court, shall entertain any proceedings or exercise any power or jurisdiction in respect of any matter within the power or jurisdiction of the Court.
[203-GG. Decision of Court binding on High Court and Courts sub-ordinate to it
Subject to Articles 203-D and 203-F, any decision of the Court in the exercise of its jurisdiction under this Chapter shall be binding on a High Court and on all Courts subordinate to a High Court.]
203-H Pending proceedings to continue, etc
(1) Subject to clause (2) nothing in this Chapter shall be deemed to require any proceedings pending in any Court or tribunal immediately before the commencement of this Chapter or initiated after such ommencement, to be adjourned or stayed by reason only of a petition having been made to the Court for a decision as to whether or not a law or provision of law relevant to the decision of the point in issue in such proceedings is repugnant to the Injunctions of Islam; and all such proceedings shall continue, and the point in issue therein shall be decided, in accordance with the law for the time being in force.
(2) All proceedings under clause (1) of Article 203-B of the Constitution that may be pending before any High Court immediately before the commencement of this Chapter shall stand transferred to the Court and shall be dealt with by the Court from the stage from which they are so transferred.
(3) Neither the Court nor the Supreme Court shall in the exercise of its jurisdiction under this Chapter have power to grant an injunction or make any interim order in relation to any proceedings pending in any other Court or tribunal.
203-I. [Administrative arrangements, etc., ] Omitted by P.O. 5 of 1982) Art, 8.

203-J. Power to make Rules
(1) The Court may, by notification in the official Gazette, make rules for carrying out the purposes of this Chapter.
(2) In particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may make provision in respect of all or any of the following matters, namely:-
(a) the scale of payment of honoraria to be made to jurisconsults, experts and witnesses summoned by the court to defray the expenses, if any, incurred by them in attending for the purposes of the proceedings before the Court ;
(b) the form of oath to be made by a jurisconsult, expert or witness appearing before the Court;
[(c) the powers and functions of the Court being exercised or performed by Benches consisting of one or more members constituted by the Chief Justice;
(d) the decision of the Court being expressed in terms of the opinion of the majority of its members or, as the case may be, of the members constituting a Bench; and
(e) the decision of cases in which the members constituting a Bench are equally divided in their opinion].
(3) Until rules are made under clause (1), the Shariat Benches of Superior Court Rules, 1979, shall, with the necessary modifications and so far as they are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Chapter, continue in force.

Chapter 4 General Provisions Relating To The Judicature

[204 (1) In this Article, “Court” means of Supreme Court or a High Court.
(2) A Court shall have power to punish any person who-
(a) abuses, interferes with or obstructs the process of the Court in any way or disobeys any order of the Court;
(b) scandalizes the Court or otherwise does anything which tends to bring the Court or a Judge of the Court into hatred, ridicule or contempt;
(c) does anything which tends to prejudice the determination of a matter pending before the Court; or
(d) does any other thing which, by law, constitutes contempt of the Court.]
(3) The exercise of the power conferred on a Court by this Article may be regulated by law and, subject to law, by rules made by the Court.] Contempt of Court

205. The remuneration and other terms and conditions of service of a Judge of the Supreme Court or of a High Court shall be as provided in the Fifth Schedule. Remuneration, etc., of Judges

206. [(1) A Judge of the Supreme Court or for a High Court may resign his office by writing under his hand addressed to the President.
[(2) A Judge of a High Court who does not accept appointment as a Judge of the Supreme Court shall be deemed to have retired from his office and, on such retirement, shall be entitled to receive a pension calculated on the basis of the length of his service as Judge and total service, if any, in the service of Pakistan]. Resignation

207.
(1) A Judge of the Supreme Court or High Court shall not-
(a) hold any other office of profit in the service of Pakistan if his remuneration is thereby increased; or
(b) occupy any other position carrying the right to remuneration for the rendering of services.
(2) A person who has held office as a Judge of the Supreme Court or of a High Court shall not hold any office of profit in the service of Pakistan, not being a judicial or quasi-judicial office or the office of Chief Election Commissioner or of Chairman or member of a Law Commission or of Chairman or member of the Council of Islamic Ideology, before the expiration of two years after he has ceased to hold that office.
(3) A person who has held office as a permanent Judge-
(a) of the Supreme Court shall not plead or act in any Court or before any authority in Pakistan;
(b) of a High Court, shall not plead or act in any Court or before any authority within its jurisdiction; and
(c) of the High Court of West Pakistan as it existed immediately before the coming into force of the Province of West Pakistan (Dissolution) Order, 1970, shall not plead or act in any Court or before any authority within the jurisdiction of the principal seat of that High Court or, as the case may be, the permanent Bench of that High Court to which he was assigned. Judge not to hold Office of Profit, etc

208. Officers and Servants of Courts
The Supreme Court [and the Federal Shariat Court], with the approval of the President and a High Court, with the approval of the Governor concerned, may make rules providing for the appointment by the Court of officers and servants of the Court and for their terms and conditions of employment

209 (1) There shall be a Supreme Judicial Council of Pakistan, in this Chapter referred to as the Council.
(2) The Council shall consist of-
(a) the Chief Justice of Pakistan;
(b) the two next most senior Judges of the Supreme Court; and
(c) the two most senior Chief Justices of High Courts.
Explanation. _ For the purpose of this clause, the inter se seniority of the Chief Justices of the High Courts shall be determined with reference to their dates of appointment as Chief Justice [otherwise than as Acting Chief Justice], and in case the dates of such appointment are the same, with reference to their dates of appointment as Judges of any of the High Courts.
(3) If at any time the Council is inquiring into the capacity or conduct of a Judge who is a member of the Council, or a member of the council is absent or is unable to act due to illness or any other cause, then-
(a) if such member is a Judge of the Supreme Court, the Judge of the Supreme Court who is next in seniority below the Judges referred to in paragraph (b) of clause (2), and
(b) if such member is the Chief Justice of a High Court, the Chief Justice of another High Court who is next in seniority amongst the Chief Justices of the remaining High Courts, shall act as a member of the Council in his place.
(4) If, upon any matter inquired into by the Council, there is a difference of opinion amongst its members, the opinion of the majority shall prevail, and the report of the Council to the President shall be expressed in terms of the view of the majority.
(5) If, on information 1 [any source, the Council or] the President is of the opinion that a Judge of the Supreme Court or of a High Court-
(a) may be incapable of properly performing the duties of his office by reason of physical or mental incapacity; or
(b) may have been guilty of misconduct, the President shall direct the Council 2[or the Council may, on its own motion] to inquire into the matter.
(6) If, after inquiring into the matter, the Council reports to the President that it is of the opinion-
(a) that the Judge is incapable of performing the duties of his office or has been guilty of misconduct, and
(b) that he should be removed from office, the President may remove the Judge from office.
(7) A Judge of the Supreme Court or of a High Court shall not be removed from office except as provided by this Article.
(8) The Council shall issue a code of conduct to be observed by Judges of the Supreme Court and of the High Courts.
1 Subs. by the Legal Framework Order, 2002, (C.E's. O. No. 24 of 2002) Art.3 and Sch., for certain words
2 Subs. by the Legal Framework Order, 2002, (C.E's. O. No. 24 of 2002) Supreme Judicial Council

210. (1) For the purpose of inquiring into any matter, the Council shall have the same power as the Supreme Court has to issue directions or orders for securing the attendance of any person or the discovery or production of any document; and any such direction or order shall be enforceable as if it had been issued by the Supreme Court.
(2) The provisions of Article 204 shall apply to the Council as they apply to the Supreme Court and a High Court. Power of Council to enforce attendance of persons, etc

211. The proceedings before the Council, its reports to the President and removal of a Judge under clause (6) of Article 209 shall not be called in question in any court. Bar of Jurisdiction

212. (1) Notwithstanding anything hereinbefore contained, the appropriate Legislature may be Act [Provide for the establishment of] one or more Administrative Courts or Tribunals to exercise exclusive jurisdiction in respect of-
(a) matters relating to the terms and conditions of persons [who are or have been] in the service of Pakistan, including disciplinary matters;
(b) matters relating to claims arising from tortious acts of Government, or any person in the service of Pakistan, or of any local or other authority empowered by law to levy any tax or cess and any servant of such authority acting in the discharge of his duties as such servant; or
(c) matters relating to the acquisition, administration and disposal of any property which is deemed to be enemy property under any law.
(2) Notwithstanding anything hereinbefore contained, where any Administrative Court or Tribunal is established under clause (1), no other Court shall grant an injunction, make any order or entertain any proceedings in respect of any matter to which the jurisdiction of such Administrative Court or Tribunal extends [and all proceedings in respect of any such matter which may be pending before such other Court immediately before the establishment of the Administrative Court or Tribunal [other than an appeal pending before the Supreme Court], shall abate on such establishment]:
Provided that the provisions of this clause shall not apply to an Administrative Court or Tribunal established under an Act of a Provincial Assembly unless, at the request of that Assembly made in the form of a resolution, [Majlis-I- Shoora (Parliament)] by law extends the provisions to such a Court or Tribunal.
(3) An appeal to the Supreme Court from a judgment, decree, order or sentence of an Administrative Court or Tribunal shall lie only if the Supreme Court, being satisfied that the case involves a substantial question of law of public importance, grants leave to appeal. Administrative Courts and Tribunals
212A. [Establishment of Military Courts or Tribunals.] Omitted by S.R.O. No. 1278 (I) 85, dated 30.12.1985, read with proclamation of withdrawal of Marsh Law dated 30.12.85 see Gaz. Of P. 1985, ext., Pt. I, dated 30.12.85, pp. 431-432, which was previously added by P.O. No. 21 of 1979, Art 2.
“212B. [Establishment of Special Courts for trial of heinous offences.] Replead by the Constitution (Twelfth Amdt) Act, 1991 (14 of 1991), s. 1 (3), (w.e.f. 26th July, 1994), which was previously added by Act 14 of 1991 s. 2, (w.e.f. 27th July, 1991).

Part VIII
Elections
Chapter-1 Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissions
213. Chief Election Commissioner
There shall be a Chief Election Commissioner (in this Part referred to as the Commissioner), who shall be appointed by the President [in his discretion.]
[(2) No person shall be appointed to be Commissioner unless he is, or has been a Judge of the Supreme Court or is, or has been, a Judge of a High Court and is qualified under paragraph (a) of clause (2) of Article 177 to be appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court.
(3) The Commissioner shall have such powers and functions as are conferred on him by the Constitution and law.
214. Commissioner’s oath of office
Before entering upon office, the Commissioner shall make before the Chief Justice of Pakistan oath in the form set out in the Third Schedule.

215. Term of office of Commissioner
(1) The Commissioner shall, subject to this Article, hold office for a term of three years from the day he enters upon his office:
Provided that the National Assembly may by resolution extend the term of the Commissioner by a period not exceeding one year.
(2) The Commissioner shall not be removed from office except in the manner prescribed in Article 209 for the removal from office of a Judge and, in the application of the Article for the purposes of this clause, any reference in that Article to a Judge shall be construed as a reference to the Commissioner.
(3) The Commissioner may, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office.

216. Commissioner not to hold office of profit
(1) The Commissioner shall not-
(a) hold any other office of profit in the service of Pakistan; or
(b) occupy any other position carrying the right to remuneration for the rendering of services.
(2) A person who has held office as Commissioner shall not hold any office of profit in the service of Pakistan before the expiration of two years after he has ceased to hold that office:
Provided that-
(a) this clause shall not be construed as preventing a person who was a Judge of the Supreme Court or of a High Court immediately before his appointment as Commissioner from resuming his duties as such Judge on the expiration of his term as Commissioner; and
(b) a person who has held office as Commissioner may, with the concurrence of both Houses, be reappointed to that office before the expiration of two years after he has ceased to hold that office.

217. Acting Commissioner
At any time when-
(a) the office of Commissioner is vacant, or
(b) the Commissioner is absent or is unable to perform the functions of his office due to any other cause,
a Judge of the Supreme Court nominated by the Chief Justice of Pakistan shall act as Commissioner.
218. Election Commission
1[(1) For the purpose of election of both Houses of Majislis-e-Shora (Parliament), Provincial Assemblies and for election of such other public officers as may be specified by law or until such law is made by the Majislis-e-Shora (Parliament) by Order of the President, a permanent Election Commission shall be constituted in accordance with this Article.]
(2) The Election Commission shall consist of-
(a) the Commissioner, who shall be Chairman of the Commission; and
(b) 2[Four] members, each of whom shall be a Judge of a High Court from each province, appointed by the President after consultation with the Chief Justice of the High Court concerned and with the Commissioner.
(3) It shall be the duty of the Election Commission constituted in relation to an election to organise and conduct the election and to make such arrangements as are necessary to ensure that the election is conducted honestly, justly, fairly and in accordance with law, and that corrupt practices are guarded against.
1 Subs. by the Legal Framework Order, 2002, (C.E's. O. No. 24 of 2002) Art.3 and Sch.,for cl.(1)
2 Subs. by the Legal Framework Order, 2002, (C.E's. O. No. 24 of 2002) Art.3 and Sch., for "two"

219. Duties of Commissioner
The Commissioner shall be charged with the duty of-
(a) preparing electoral rolls for election to the National Assembly and the Provincial Assemblies, and revising such roll annually;
(b) organising and conducting election to the Senate or to fill casual vacancies in a House or Provincial Assembly; and
(c) appointing Election Tribunals.
220. Executive authorities to assist Commission, etc
It shall be the duty of all executive authorities in the Federation and in the Province to assist the Commissioner and the Election Commission in the discharge of his or their functions.

221. Officers and servants
Until [Majlis-I-Shoora (Parliament)] by law otherwise provides, the Commissioner may, with the approval of the President, make rules providing for the appointment by the Commissioner of officers and servants to be employed in connection with the functions of the Commissioner or an Election Commission and for their terms and conditions of employment.

Chapter-2 lectoral Laws and Conduct of Elections

222. Electoral laws
Subject to the Constitution, [Majlis-I-Shoora (Parliament)] may be law provide for-
(a) the allocation of seats in the National Assembly as required by clauses (3) and (4) of Article 51;
(b) the delimitation of constituencies by the Election Commission:
(c) the preparation of electoral rolls, the requirements as to residence in a constituency, the determination of objections pertaining to and the commencement of electoral rolls;
(d) the conduct of election and election petitions; the decision of doubts and disputes arising in connection with elections;
(e) matters relating to corrupt practices and other offences in connection with elections; and
(f) all other matters necessary for the due constitution of the two Houses and the Provincial Assemblies;
but no such law shall have the effect of taking away or abridging any of the powers of the Commissioner or an Election Commission under this part.
223. Bar against double membership
(1) No person shall, at the same time, be a member of-
(a) both Houses;
(b) a House and a Provincial Assembly; or
(c) the Assemblies of two or more Provinces; or
(d) a House or a Provincial Assembly in respect of more than one seat.
(2) Nothing in clause (1) shall prevent a person from being a candidate for two or more seats at the same time, whether in the same body or in different bodies, but if he is elected to more than one seat he shall, within a period of thirty days after the declaration of the result for the last such seat resign all but one of his seats, and if he does not so resign, all the seats to which he has been elected shall become vacant at the expiration of the said period of thirty days except the seat to which he has been elected last or, if he has been elected to more than one seat on the same day, the seat for election to which his nomination was filed last.
Explanation._ In this clause, “body” means either House or a Provincial Assembly.
(3) A person to whom clause (2) applies shall not take a seat in either House of the Provincial Assembly to which he has been elected until he has resigned all but one of his seats.
(4) Subject to clause (2) if a member of either House or of a Provincial Assembly becomes a candidate for a second seat which, in accordance with clause (1), he may not hold concurrently with his first seat, then his first seat shall become vacant as soon as he is elected to the second seat.
224. Election dispute
(1) A general election to the National Assembly or a Provincial Assembly shall be held within a period of sixty days immediately 1[following] preceding the day on which the term of the Assembly is due to expire, unless the Assembly has been sooner dissolved, and the results of the election shall be declared not later than fourteen days before that day.
provided that on dissolution of an assembly on completion of its term, the president, in his discretion, or , as the case may be, the Governor, in his discretion but with the previous approval of the President, shall appoint a caretaker Cabinet.
(2) When the National Assembly or a Provincial Assembly is dissolved, a general election to the Assembly shall be held within a period of ninety days after the dissolution, and the results of the election shall be declared not later than fourteen days after the conclusion of the polls.
(3) An election to fill the seats in the Senate which are to become vacant on the expiration of the term of the members of the Senate shall be held not earlier than thirty days immediately preceding the day on which the vacancies are due to occur.
(4) When, except by dissolution of the National Assembly or a Provincial Assembly, a general seat in any such Assembly has become vacant, not later than one hundred and twenty days before the term of that Assembly is due to expire, an election to fill the seat shall be held within sixty days from the occurrence of the vacancy.
(5) When a seat in the Senate has become vacant, an election to fill the seat shall be held within thirty days from the occurrence of the vacancy.
2(6) When a seat reserved for women or non-Muslims in the National Assembly or Provincial Assembly falls vacant, for death, resignation or disqualification of a member, it shall be filled by the next person in order of precedence from the party list of the candidate submitted to the Election Commission for the last general election by the political party whose member has vacated such seat.
2[(7) When a care-taker Cabinet is appointed, on dissolution of the National Assembly under Article 58 or a Provincial Assembly under Article 112, or on Dissolution of any such Assembly on completion of its term, the Prime Minister or, as the case may be, the Chief Minister of the care-taker Cabinet shall not be eligible to contest the immediately following election of such Assembly.]
1 Subs. by the Legal Framework Order, 2002, (C.E's. O. No. 24 of 2002) Art.3 and Sch., for "Preceding"
2 Subs. by the Legal Framework Order, 2002, (C.E's. O. No. 24 of 2002) Art.3 and Sch., Time of election and by-election
225. No election to a House or a Provincial Assembly shall be called in question except by an election petition presented to such tribunal and in such manner as may be determined by Act of [Majlis-I-Shoora (Parliament)].
226. Elections to be by secret ballot
All elections under the Constitution *** shall be by secret ballot.