Q:1-Translate and explain the following:

SURAH AL_MAUN

Translation:

Beginning with the name of Allah,the most Beneficial,the Most Merciful

Just look at him, who belies the religion---- So it is he, who pushes away the orphan----
And does not urge to feed the needy------ So ruin is to those offerers of prayer -----
Those who are neglectful of their prayer-----Those who make a display (of their deeds).---
And do not let others ask for small utilities.

Explaination:

Background:

The surah Al-Maun meaning the "small kindness" is the 107th Surah of the Holy Quran and has seven verses.According to the books "Message of the Holy Quran" by "Allama Muhammad Asad" and "The Glorious Quran" by "Marmaduke Pikhtal",the place of revelation of the Surrah is Makkah.
However, "The Holy Quran" by "Allama Muhammad Yousaf Ali" gives a differnt perspective that half of the surrah was revealed at Makkah not the whole,but Muhammad Asad eliminates any doubts by saying that,

"According to some thinkers the four to seven of the Aayats of the Surrah were revealed at Medina,but the observation of all the historical facts have shown that these doubts carry no weight"

In this respect,"Maulana Maududi" in his "Tafheem-ul-Quran" agrees with the later that the whole of the Surrah is without any doubt was unfolded at the holy city of Makkah.
u may not get this much time in papper to be involved in such discussions ,,,,u may just write that some thinkers are of the view that the whole sura was revealed in makkah while some say that 7 ayats...........

CENTRAL THEME:
Allama Yousaf Ali very brilliantly elaborates the central notion of the surrah that it is the firm belief and faith of the men that provides strong foundations to their "Ibadat" or worship.This is the real truth,the right path which enables men , incite and develop in them the feeling of common good for the ones less privileged.The lack of this faith ,all the good deeds and the real cause underlying the concept of worship becomes futile.As Holy Prophet(PBUH) has said,

"God does not accept beleif,if it is not expressed in deeds,and does not accept deeds if they do not conform to belief"

This vividly shows that the movement of man in the right direction shown by Allah ,develops in him the desire to perform good deeds and in return recive the award promised by Allah,the most Beneficient.

no need to mention names of scholars like yousaf ali etc ,,,,,justv try to use ur own words .........

SELFISHNESS A NEGATIVE ATTITUDE:

The underlying notion of the Surrah is the control and elimination of the negative selfish behaviour of men,as this attitude is the main source of development of hatred among the individuals thus causing restlessness in the society on the whole.The belief in the unity of God and the faith in the day of resurrecion enables a person to build a differentiation between good and evil,right and wrong,negative and positive.The rigtheous conduct as prescribed by the basic teachings of Islam can lead all the humanity towards the attinment of the blessings of Allah.As it has been stressed in the Holy Quran,

"Those who believe and act righteously,joy is for them and a blissful home to return to."

Islam demands from evrey Muslim to be selfless and perform his desired role in the society both morally and socially.

HELP OF THE NEEDY:

Islam is not a mere profession of belief,rather it also preaches for the development of the social responsibility towards its fellow beings.The surah is also about those people who refrain from helping others in the hour of need.They are those who are disbelievers of the day of jugdement.Basically this loss of belief in the world hereafter develops in men the low moral values and they fail to realize that islam does not only demand from them a mere following of basic beliefs but it also requires fulfillment certain duties and obligations purely according to the preachings of islam.They are demanded to maintain a equilibrium and promote harmony among the other fellow beings by showing them small good gestures of good conduct and also by the provision of help in their hours of the need.The sign of a true Muslim is that he never refrains from granting full help to those who require it the most.As it has been emphasized in the Holy Quran,

"respect God and be affectionate to the family of God".


Thus good intentions create a world of difference in human life and the same thing has been streesed again and again in Islam.

DISPLAY OF DEEDS:

Another significant aspect which the Surrah points out towrds the men who are pretentious and perform the acts of worships only with the purpose of showing others that how pious and noble they are.This has been purley condemened in Islam as Islam as a religion demands full submission to Allah with pure involment of heart,mind and soul.A firm belief in Allah and the life Hereafter can only make it possible that a man can perform all his deeds whether big or small,high or low,inferior or superior under the pure guidence of islamic principles and moral values.God is the one who will reward him with His blessings and has promised a "blissful home" for those who act righteously with pure commitment and obedience and not with the apparent show of their acts of nobleness.

Conclusion:

Thus the Surrah points out towards the very notable features of human nature that are not acceptable to God. God wants His men to follow the code of conduct that He has revealed to them and live their lives according to it.The Quran offers an ideology of human equality and human worth and endeavours to promote mutual understanding and cooperation among them. Islam awakens in man a new moral conciousness and invites him to deal with all the aspects of humanity,individualy,socially,econonmically as well as politically.Islam spiritualizes the entire existence of men and produces a social movemnet to reconstruct human life in teh light of the principles revealed.