Quote:
Originally Posted by Last Island
Tafseer bil rai is interpretation of Quran through reasoning. Ijtihad is the answer.
Illat is 'common' underlying cause'. None of these.
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i think illat is a part of Qias................
Four types of qiyaas can be identified depending on the method used: based on an underlying common cause (qiyaas al ‘illat), based on similarity (qiyaas al shubhat), based on meaning (qiyaas al ma’ana), and based on evidence (qiyaas al dalaalat). The pillars of qiyaas are: al asl, al far’u, hukm al asl, and ‘illat (legal cause). Asl is the first problem for which a ruling exists. Al far’u is the second problem for which no ruling is known. Hukm al asl is the ruling for the first problem. ‘Illat is the legal cause or logical link between the first problem and its ruling. The same link is used to apply the ruling of the first problem to the second problem.
Illat operates under qiyaas but because of its theoretical importance we decided to discuss it separately here. A very good reference was a published doctoral thesis at Azhar by Abd al Hakiim Abd al Rahman Al Sa’adi in 1986. Illat is the underlying explanation of a matter. In this it is very similar to the causal laws and the theories that are the object of empirical scientific research. It could be said that the purpose of science is to discover the ‘illat or underlying explanation in order to generalize. ‘Illat differs from sabab, shart, hikmat, and ‘alamat. Sabab is the cause on the basis of which a primary rule or hukm taklifi is invoked or is established. Shart refers to facts or actions that must take place before the cause can take effect and invoke the related hukm. Hikmat is the wisdom behind the illat.
check it on omarkasule-01.tripod.com/id282.html