Solar Wind:

Solar wind is the stream of electrically charged particles especially protons and electrons, which are emitted by the Sun, predominantly during solar flares and sunspots activity. Some of these particles become trapped in the Earth‘s magnetic field forming the outer Van Allen radiation belt,but some penetrate into the upper atmosphere where they congregate in narrow zones in the
region of the Earth‘s magnetic poles producing aurora displays.

Cosmic Rays:

Cosmic Rays are charged particles moving as fast as the speed of light. Most of the particles are protons, while some are alpha particles and electrons. They travel throughout our galaxy, including the solar system and some strike the earth‘s atmosphere. They can be detected by instruments on the Earth. Nobody knows how cosmic rays are formed. Some of them are formed
by exploding stars or supernova and some come from outside our Galaxy.

Some Important Definitions:

Cosmology:

Cosmology is the science of the cosmos or universe.
OR
Cosmology is the branch of physical science which deals with the Universe.

Universe:

The universe is the sum total of all that exists, or has existed, both in space and time.

Galaxy:

A galaxy is a system of many thousands of millions of stars together with inter-stellar gas and
dust.

OR

Galaxy is a fundamental unit of the universe. It is composed of hundreds of thousands of stars
together with intra-stellar gas and dust.

Star:

Those heavenly bodies which are luminous and produce their own energy by nuclear reactions are called stars.

• Proximal Centauri second nearest after Sun to the Earth.
• Antares is one of the largest stars known.

Solar system:

A tiny system of our galaxy which consists of the /sun, a planet and their satellites, thousands of miniature planets called asteroids, meteoroids, comets, interplanetary dust and plasma.

Satellite:

Those heavenly bodies which revolve round the planets are called satellites.

Eclipse:

In astronomy, the term eclipse simply means the obscuring of one heavenly body by another, particularly that of the sun or a planetary satellite.

Lunar Eclipse:

A condition when the earth comes in between the sun and the moon and throws its shadow on the moon is called lunar eclipse.

Solar Eclipse:

A condition when the moon comes in between the sun and the moon and throws its shadow on the moon is called Solar Eclipse.

Astrology:

Astrology is the interpretation of the influence of planets and stars on human lives.

Asteroids:

Small, irregular shaped rocky objects which orbit the sun between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter are called Asteroids.

Meteorites:

Tiny chunk of material floating in space which can also enter the earth‘s atmosphere and become meteor are known as meteorites.

Comets:

The bodies mainly composed of ice and dust which revolve round the sun are called comets.

Balanced Diet:

• The food which contains all essential food nutrients which are necessary and essential for healthy growth of the body and proper functioning of the whole parts of body.‖

• Food is a complex mixture of chemical substances.
• It performs following useful functions when eaten and absorbed by the body.
i) Produces energy
ii) Promote growth
iii) Repair the tissues
iv) Regulate various processes
• Nutrients are the chemical components of food capable of performing above functions.
• Example: milk is a balanced diet although it does not contain iron.
• Following are the major components of Balanced Diet and their source and functions:

i) Carbohydrates
• Source: Honey, Sugarcane, Wheat, Maize, Potatoes.
• Functions: Provide energy

ii) Fats:

• Source: Butter, Cheese, Soya bean, Mustard etc.
• Functions: Provide Energy

iii) Proteins:
• Source: Meat, Eggs, Fish, Milk, Pulses etc.
• Functions: Essential for growth

iv) Vitamins:

• Source: Fruits and Vegetables.
• Functions: Important for proper physiologic and metabolic functions of the body.

Types:

a) Water Soluble Vitamins: B1, B2, B6, B12, C
b) Fat Soluble vitamins: A, D, E, K

v) Minerals: Minerals are those inorganic substances which play a key role in the maintenance and building of the body tissues. The most important minerals of balanced diet are as under:

• Phosphorus: is necessary for bones and teeth.
• Iron: is an essential component of blood.
• Iodine: is necessary for thyroxin which is secreted from thyroid gland.
• Calcium: is necessary for bone development.

vi) Water:

• Source: Fruits, Vegetables
• Functions: It is constituent of blood, lymph, hormones and other secretions of the body.

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God has sent us to do something special,Life is once for all but not to be Repeated by a pendulum.