Introduction
Mahmud’s invasion occupy special place in the history of indopak, these invasions had great impact on the history of indopak and resulted in establishment of muslim rule in sub-continent. Mahmud made seventeen expeditions to India from 1000 to 1027 AD and changed semi in dependent state of Ghazni into full developed gahsnavid empire. It also leads to future muslim rule in subcontinent. There is alo t of debate amonth the historians about the nature of invasion because even after seventeen expeditions he never established his rule in India.

Difference views of Historian
There are three school of thoughts
Hindu Nationalist Historians:
They consider campaign of Mehmud as an act of loot and plunder

Muslim Historians
They hold the view that Mahmud’s invaisoin were of Islamic passion

Third group of historians
(SM Jaffar, Prasad, Dr. Nazim) This group of historians hold the views that Mehmud was great military general. It was his ambition which brought him to sub-continent.

Now, we have to analyze according to the views of the above historians, in simple words, we can say, thus, Mehmud’s invasions were not for propagation of Islam, nor were war agaisn Hinduism. They were of politico-economic nature. Mehmud had to strengthen and extend his Ghaznavi empire to Central Asia for that he had to need money of subconidint. So he broke temples that wer store house of wealth. Apart from that violation of treaties by Hindu, Rajas and Molestation of Mehmud’s ally by their neighbor s were also among main catalysitic factors of invasion. So for as propagation of Islam is concern, that was by product of expeditions not the sole purpose.