Outline
Introduction
The powers of terrorists
How terrorists became powerful enough to challenge the power of state?
Indigenous problems
1.A disintegrated society
2.Ethnic and sectarian rivalries
3.Lack of finances
Factors exacerbating terrorism
1.Poverty
2.Illiteracy
3.regionalism in our society
4.failure of foreign policies
5.failed domestic policies
6. governance failure
7.counter terrorism activities
how terrorism affects Pakistan
1. Psychological effects
2.social effects
3. economic cost of war
4. political effects
Remedies to bear down the problems
Conclusion





Terrorism and its effects on Pakistan Today Pakistan is the victim of multiple types of terrorism; cross border insurgency, anti military operations, separatist movements, religious extremism, and sectarian violence and target killings. The roots of this multiple type of terrorism are planted in the soil of Pakistan by the forces outside our borders and these roots have been augmented and strengthen by the failed foreign and domestic policies of our government. To counter the influence of the eastern enemy and to have the support of the USA , Pakistan allowed her people to support the Jihad in Afghanistan. Unknowingly, some religious factions were empowered by Pakistan, the tribal area of Pakistan became their sanctuary .these religious factions were lethally armed by the USA and they had been left free to operate between the borders of Pakistan and Afghanistan. They were called the friends of Pakistan but the Pakistan’s joining of the NATO coalition forces proved to be a turning point in the relations of these jihadi factions and Pakistan. Taliban, who had declared war against USA, also took Pakistan as the US partner, this situation brought Pakistan and Taliban in a direct conflict. Pakistan was declared by them as a partner of infidels and war against Pakistan was now a matter of faith. They had a faith that their deprivations and miseries had been the result of Pakistan’s support to the USA. This faith made them strong enough to blow up themselves in suicide attacks against Pakistani state.this grave situation of terrorism was further fuelled by the ethnic and sectarian differences within the society, these differences were exploited by the anti state elements .the failed policies of state, poverty and illiteracy in the society further exacerbated the problem. The fire of terrorism spread throughout Pakistan. This fire of terrorism engulfed the unity and cohesion of the nation and economically Pakistan became a begging bowl.the feeling of marginalization by India and TALIBAN have produced psychological fears in the society , the victims of suicide blasts and target killings have lost their trust in the power and capacities of the state .politically,we are in a blind alley where there is no possibility of the implementation of policies necessary for the survival of the state.our sovereignty and territorial integrity, all are at stake.
The powers of terrorists

Terrorism, like a fire of jungle, has spread throughout the Pakistan . There is no province, city or district which is not affected by terrorism, Balochistan is bleeding, Karachi is crying, kPK is the epicenter of terrorist activities and southern Punjab is a breeding ground for terrorists. Terrorists attack FC and Levies in KPK ,FATA and SWAT and behead them ,they attack the risalpur base and destroy their previously determined targets , they fearlessly enter the Bacha Khan air port ,they are too intrepid to off land the people in broad light from buses and kill them ruthlessly ,they are bold enough to blow their self while killing hundreds of people , they have been showing extreme rancor for the society. The terrorism in Pakistan is like a leech; it stuck to the state, sucked its blood and now it has become powerful enough to challenge the writ of the state and state has been suffering pain because the leech has entrenched it self in the body of state.

How terrorists became powerful enough to challenge the power of state?
People are insecure; they are killed, abducted, and beheaded ,even polio vaccination teams have been targeted by terrorists ,it seems as there is a condition of total war in Pakistan. There is one big question that how terrorists have become too resourceful to challenge the power of a state and a well disciplined army
?the answer is the ‘connivance’ practiced by state and defense agencies towards terrorist groups which helped terrorists to organize themselves, their strength and power could be checked in early nineties but they were left to operate between the Pak-Afghan border and we failed to secure our foremost security interest in the region for which we have been paying today.
A disintegrated society
An integrated and united society resists any type of attack on its unity and its people but when the society is disintegrated on cultural, sectarian and linguistic bases it becomes an easy target for her enemy .our nation lacks a spirit of unity to develop the country, to defend the country and a united approach to prevent disfragmentation. This lapse of unity gives way to anti state forces and differences within society are exploited by terrorists to kill the people and to destroy the infrastructure of the society.

Ethnic and sectarian rivalries

Ethnic and sectarian violence is on its peak in Pakistan; its foundation was laid by a previous government , it patronized many factions of jihadists , provided them arms, ammunition and trainings. Many militant groups like ,lashkr e jhangvi ,jaish e Muhaamad are the product of its reign .these groups declared shitees and sunni barelvis as infidels and unleashed an unending wave of terror against them .General Pervaiz Mussharaf invited the ire of these factions by attacking Lal mosque. They have been committing a genocide of shittes in Gilgist Baltistan and Balochistan , target killing of shittes in Karachi is also common. They are ruthlessly butchered by militants; this genocide has been producing a feeling of mistrust between shitte community and the rest of thenation, thus, shattering the bond of already fragile nationalism.

Lack of finances

A major hurdle in campaign against terrorism is lack of finance. the coalition support fund has become unreliable and military, at present , requires at least RS 40 million for operation against terrorists .no special fund has been allocated to military for operations against terrorism ; natives of the area want cleansed north waziristan but not at the cost of ruining their homes and disturbing their peaceful lives, so, Government ,to evacuate the people from area before operation and provide them compensation after operation ,requires a large amount of finance which is no present at all .this means that while everyone has been shouting from the rooftop ‘mortal danger’ to Pakistan in the shape of terrorism and the inescapable need to fight terrorism ,there has been no real financial work done to fund the fight.
Factors exacerbating terrorism
Poverty
The gap between rich and poor create an unbridgeable rift in society and an extreme rancor in the hearts of poor for the privileged class; a poor, who has nothing to eat, nothing to protect himself from scorching heat and chilling cold, no shelter to spend life, becomes a tool in the hands of anti state actors to be used against his own territory and people. The least developed and the poorest regions of Pakistan are the breeding ground for terrorists. Terrorist organizations have been offering handsome salaries and an aim to kill the ‘enemies of Islam’, thus, achieving eternal salvation and purity in the eyes of ALLAH. The deprived people of society join these organizations because they have been providing them food and shelter; terrorism could never be checked unless people remain joining terrorist organization for their bread.
Illiteracy
The darkness of illiteracy and ignorance does not portents good hope for the future of Pakistan. The lack of knowledge about the pervasive and benign spirit of Islam forces people to consider terrorists as supporters and defenders of Islam. Their slogan of the promulgation of Islamic sharia in Pakistan seems religious and attractive to the people. Sympathy for terrorists is found in people who are not conversant with the genesis and history of Pakistan , who are ignorant about the pluralistic nature of Islam. these illiterate and uneducated people are used by terrorists to attack on Pakistan army and Pakistani people. pakistan’s poor score on the indicator of literacy is a grave threat for the peace and security of Pakistan.

Regionalism in our society
Due to the poor nationhood, people have forgotten their identity as a nation, they have become sindhi, balochi,Punjabi and pathan but they are no more Pakistani. The discriminating policies of not giving autonomy to provinces derived a wedge in already fragile nationalism. the deep despise of balochis for the people of Punjab and their ruthless killing by them is an example of regionalism in our society. the regionalism in our society gives birth to hatred and terrorism against one another.
FAILURE OF FOREIGN POLICIES
Wrong concept of strategic depth of Pakistan, for economic gains we sacrificed the sovereignty of Pakistan, we let Taliban to operate from Pakistan providing them sanctuaries in swat Quetta and Fata, we failed to exploit our strategically important location ,we invited ire of RUSSIA .

Failed domestic policies
It aggravated the sectarianism in Pakistan, fuelling the fire, revenue issue, killing of bugti and separatist movement, failure in implementing balochisatn’s rights package.

Governance failure
No law and order in the state, no writ of government in BALOCHISTAN issue of missing persons, war of power politics in Karachi, KARACHI is crying.

Counter terrorism activities
Violence to counter terrorism produces more violence

How terrorism affects Pakistan
Psychological effects
Nation has a fear of being marginalized by India and Afghanistan.victims of terrorism have been suffering from acute mental disorder, anxiety, and depression ,they have a persistent fear of death .

Social effects
1. Social insecurity, life and properties of civilians are not safe.
2. rift in society on the basis of sect + disintegration of society
3. Mistrust between nation and government for not providing them security.
4. social sector development being ignored
Economic cost of war
1. main infrastructure of country is being destroyed by suicide bombers .e.g. commercial buildings , air ports , arms manufacturing complexes
2. no business and trade activities in FATA and tribal areas
3. more than 250 schools have been destroyed by terrorists
4. low FDI and low job opportunities
5. Business remains shut down in Karachi for many days.
6. Pessimism about economic development and defense.
3. Distrust on government and policies.
Political effects
1. Real democracy cannot be evolved in a volatile region like Pakistan.
2. Terrorism creates uncertain condition which paralyses the effective implementation of policies.
3. Distrust on government and policies.
Measures
1. Trade not aid
2. Negotiations with India
3. no interference in the internal affairs of Afghanistan
4. full support to negotiation process
5. end to feudalism in Balochistan ,economic and social reforms in Balochistan
6. improved defense ability and infrastructure