(II) Indian Ocean:
Due to the confluence of common strategic interests shared by the world's major powers, a new great game is emerging in the Indian Ocean region. All the major powers including US, China, Pakistan and India have fostered initiatives and forums to attract and project their power and influence.

1) United States :

After the second world war in 1946, US voluntarily offered all the world powers its services to protect the sea communication lines or sea trade routes. It dropped its navy to the sea and now have seven operational naval fleets.
i) 1 Naval fleet is in Mediterranean sea
ii) 7th Naval fleet which is world’s biggest naval fleet, is in East China sea
iii) Have strong presence on both sides of Strait of Malacca(South China Sea) which is a direct threat for China
iv) World’s invincible submarine (Colorado) is in Arabian sea.
v) US has around 26 military bases that encircle China , these includes bases in Austrailia, Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, Philippine, Kirgizistan , Qatar, Kuwait, Oman and others.

2) China :

China is adopting a “string of pearls” strategy of bases stretching from the Middle East to southern China. These “pearls” were naval bases or electronic eavesdropping posts built by the Chinese in Myanmar, Bangladesh, Pakistani and Sri Lanka. The purpose was to project its power overseas and protect its oil shipments. China has added its ever first Naval fleet and claims that Naval presence is for its own protection. However, India and the western world criticized the Chinese policy.

3) India:

India has heavily invested in South China sea and has successfully completed its Naval Base in coastal area of Philippine. It also has 3 naval bases in Indian ocean and has also successfully completed ‘Chabahar sea port’.

4) Pakistan:

Pakistan have two naval bases in Karachi and Urmara Gawadar. It has comparatively a small naval power but since 2004 its immense naval collaboration with China has enhanced its Naval capability.
Pakistan has potential to block the world trade route. "Gwadar is now emerging on the map of the world and people around the world are looking at the opportunities available here”, said former president of Pakistan Parvez Musharraf.

5) Iran:

Iran has smaller naval power but is arising. It is working on the policy of ‘build many’. It has naval capability to block or atleast disturb the small flow of trade through the strait of hormuz.

(III) Encirclement of China

i) US has deployed one Naval fleet is in Mediterranean sea
ii) 7th Naval fleet which is world’s biggest naval fleet, is in East China sea
iii) It has strong presence on both sides of Strait of Malacca(South China Sea) which is a direct threat for China
iv) World’s invincible submarine (Colorado) is in Arabian sea.
v) US has around 26 military bases that encircle China , these includes bases in Austrailia, Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, Philippine, Kirgizistan , Qatar, Kuwait, Oman and others.