1. Use the active voice
Try to use the active voice whenever possible.
Active Voice vs Passive Voice
In a sentence written in the active voice, the subject of sentence performs the action. In a sentence written in the passive voice the subject receives the action.
Example:
Active: The dog bit the man.
Passive: The man was bitten by the dog.
Converting sentences to active voice
Here are some tips and strategies for converting sentences from the passive to the active voice.
Look for a "by" phrase (e.g., "by the dog" in the last example above). If you find one, the sentence may be in the passive voice. Rewrite the sentence so that the subject buried in the "by" clause is closer to the beginning of the sentence.
If the subject of the sentence is somewhat anonymous, see if you can use a general term, such as "researchers," or "the study," or "experts in this field."
When to use passive voice
There are sometimes good reasons to use the passive voice.
a. To emphasize the action rather than the actor
Example: After long debate, the proposal was endorsed by the long-range planning committee.
b. To keep the subject and focus consistent throughout a passage.
Example:The data processing department recently presented what proved to be a controversial proposal to expand its staff. After long debate, the proposal was endorsed by .
c. To be tactful by not naming the actor.
Example:The procedures were somehow misinterpreted.
d. To describe a condition in which the actor is unknown or unimportant.
Example:Every year, thousands of people are diagnosed as having cancer.
e. To create an authoritative tone.
Example:Visitors are not allowed after 9
0 p.m.
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