Just giving you clues for Q2, I'll write about Q1 later.

Present composition of SC
Present voting system
i. Equality of states in terms of voting, however exceptions are there.
ii. Absence doesn't mean negative vote.
iii. Part of conflict shall not vote.
iv. Veto and its effects
.... etc (depends how elaborate you want)

Composition of SC under discussion
i. Often called ineffective
ii. Often called undemocratic and its true
iii. G4's bid for permanent seat and their efforts
iv. Possibility, disturbance in power politics due to chance in SC composition
....