Besant describing the middle class of the 9th century wrote “In the first place it was for more a class apart. "In no sense did it belong to society. Men in professions of any kind (except in the Army and Navy) could only belong to society by right of birth and family connections; men in trade—bankers were still accounted tradesmen—could not possibly belong to society. That is to say, if they went to live in the country they were not called upon by the county families and in the town they were not admitted by the men into their clubs, or by ladies into their houses… The middle class knew its own place, respected itself, made its own society for itself, and cheerfully accorded to rank the deference due. “Since then, however, the life of the middle classes had undergone great changes as their numbers had swelled and their influence had increased. Their already well –developed consciousness of their own importance had deepened. More critical than they had been in the past of certain aspects of aristocratic life, they were also more concerned with the plight of the poor and the importance of their own values of society, thrift, hand work, piety and respectability thrift, hand work, piety and respectability as examples of ideal behavior for the guidance of the lower orders. Above all they were respectable. There were divergences of opinion as to what exactly was respectable and what was not. There were, nevertheless, certain conventions, which were universally recognized: wild and drunker behaviors were certainly not respectable, nor were godlessness or avert promiscuity, not an ill-ordered home life, unconventional manners, self-indulgence or flamboyant clothes and personal adornments.(285)

Title: Traits of 9th century middle class or Moral values and norms of middle class in 9th century

Precis:
The writer describes the societal division in 9th century where people belonging to middle were separated on the basis of their inherited profession. The ruling elite kept a distance from the middle class living in the country side and cities. The middle class knowing its place followed principle of self-respect and made their way in fast changing world and self-awakening helped them to get their destination. They upheld the high moral values and paved the way to follow an example for lower class. They gave immense importance to respect and diversity of opinion. They always disregarded the violation of universally recognized conventions and against moral values.(103)