My Current Affair Notes - Page 3

imbindas · #21 Tuesday, May 31, 2011

Roots of Terrorism

• The conventional approach to threat perception in Pakistan is a major obstacle to understanding the gravity of the situation.

• Pakistan policy malers consider madressahs to be more receptive of absorbing violence that approach is reflected in the country every day security check points where every bearded person is een as a suspect.

• Many analyst believe that madressah people 10 to 15 percent of them have direct or indirect links with terrorists organizations.

• Militant organizations involved in lashmir finds mainly youth educated at formal educational institutions .

• Student wings of religious political parties as well as sectarian , charity , radical and militant organizations remain active in colleges and universities.

• Militant wings with specific focus on worm , traders, lawyers, doctors and teachers.

• They rely on radical literature and publications.

• Through cd and dvd’s.

• They increasingly using internet to promote radicalization and spur recruitment with the youth as their specific targets.

• Former president musharraf admitted that some junior officials of pak army and paf had links with terror organizations.

• Dr usman , the master of oct 2009 GHQ attack, was a deserter from the army’s medical corps.

• The terrorists also penetrated in other government institutions bodies besides security agencies.

• According to 2010 reports the kpk governemtn had sacked 165 government employees on the charges of supporting militants.

• A clear approach does not make distinctions on dubious grounds of good or bad militants is required.

o Better policing.

o Coordination among law enforcement agencies

imbindas · #22 Tuesday, May 31, 2011

Taxed beyond measure

• When a state is able to collect taxes and spent major chunk of its revenues on the welfare of its citizens, it is usually characterized as a civilized democratic state.
• With one of the lowest GDP and with the bulk of state expenditure going to defence and debt serving .
• Expences of the state are in the region of 18-20 percent of the GDP and its tax revenues hover around 8 to 10 percent of the GDP.
• There are two options to bridge the deficit in such situation.
• One is to borrow and pass the buck on the future generations.
• The second is to deficit financing is to print money-
• Printing more money pressurizes the economy and is considered the most regressive form of taxation as its burden falls disproportionately on the poor.
• The state should reduce its expenditure rather than tax further.
• The list of those who are exempted makes a wonderful list. they art
• Textile tycoons
• Lather kings
• Carpet barons
• Agriculturists
• Stock brokers
• Real estate agents
• Those who included in tax but evade impunity they are
• Doctors
• Lawyers
• Shopkeepers
• Consultants
• Service providers
• Big and small traders
• SCEP (securities and exchange commission )
• 39 percent registered companies with SCEP are not even registered with it. Only 31 percent of them file their tax returns.
• According to survet employee work force in country is 50 million and a mere 2.1 million file there income tax returns.

imbindas · #23 Tuesday, May 31, 2011

new Provinces

• After partition India recognizes language as a legitimate entity for the political community.
• India recognizes states on linguistic basis.
• Which had removed the major irritant in the way of national integration.
• Pakistan condemned the language based identity of provinces as a recipe for national disintegration.
• This policy kept ethno-linguistic sentiments alive and weakened the federation.
• The ethnic communities in kpk, sindh and balochistan are incensed at the non-recognition of their community rights and the lack of provincial autonomy.
• 1973 constitution ushered the era of recognition of majority communities of the minority provinces.
• Other hindrances are centralized army and bureaucracy.
• For example pakhtun leadership would not take up the issue on a linguistic basis because of siezable community of hindko speaking prople in hazara division but also in peshawar.
• Two areas of pakhtun concentration outside kpk that could have boosted the strength of its core community ie fata and the pakhtun belt of balochistan.
• So they remain hostile to there amalgamation to there provinces.
• Fata to be an autonomous region proved to be a net loss to kpk in term of strategic importance, demography and status in federation.
• Similary baloch leadership resist pakhtuns that it may loose large chunk of pakhtun area from the province.
• Sindh is divided btw sindhi and mohajirs.
• Four decade movement for separating karache.
• In same way a mohajir Karachi province would destabilize million of mohajirs living in the other areas and vice versa and bloody riots would take place.
• While ANP has posteda new challenge to MQM.
• In Punjab struggle is going for saraiki province.
• The students and intellectual have take the lead for separate entity in Punjab.
• But the traditional political leadership in Punjab look towards Lahore rather than multan.
• The demographic complexity without a corresponding level of political mobilization has led to the status qou.
• There is additional requirement for a constitutional amendment to create new provinces, in the absence of consession on that issue.

imbindas · #24 Wednesday, June 01, 2011

Pak-China bilateral trade

• Pak-china tarde partnership has significantly developed during the last decade(2000-2010)
• Due to end of globalization and geostrategic priorities.
• Three Chinese PM visited Pakistan in 2001, 2005 and 2010.
• China assured its support in economic cooperation.
• The number of vital projects going are :
• Gwadar sea project
• Up gradation of karakoram highways.
• China has helped in construction of 330MW unit at chashma.
• In 2001 six major agreements were signed:
• It includes following:
• Economic and technological cooperation
• Tourism cooperation
• Saindak copper-gold project
• Supply of locomotives
• Passenger coaches of Pakistan railways
• China pledge $1 billion to support these agreements.
• Also to contruct gwadar post and highway
• Pak-china signed free trade agreement(FTA) in nov 2006. after which Chinese products flooded in domestic markets.
• Pakistan import 1000 items from china.
• But export only 50 to china.
• According to analysis china’s total investment over $40 billion in last five decades in Pakistan.
• Around 125 chinese companies are working in Pakistan
• Some of them are :
• Zong
• BGP
• China metallurgical cooperation
• And aigol-qingqi
• Trade btw two countries is not based primarily on manufactured goods.
• Pak exports mainly raw materials.

The number factors involved in sluggish growth of country’s economic ties with china

• Lack of development infrastructure
• Enery crisis
• Low labour productivity
• Poor innovation
• Poor technology
• High cost of production
• Insufficient foreign direct investment
• Lack of diversification in exports
• Hostile security environment
• Political instibality
• Poor governance

imbindas · #25 Wednesday, June 01, 2011

Peace in balochistan

The immediate measures suggested for giving peace process include.

• Cessation of military operation
• Cessation of human rights abuse
• Withdrawl of the army and FC.
• Recovery of missing persons.
• Facilitating productive economy
• End to the state’s plans to rule the province through its cooped elite.

History supports the view that each baloch uprising has been suppressed by the state through force and without any peace settlement.

• The first uprising (1948) was suppressed through a quick military action.
• The second uprising in ayub regime was crushed through mixture of military force.
• 1970’s armed struggle went without any settlement on the issue that has caused the conflict.
• Gen musharraf not only ignored baloch national aspiration but also looked down upon them and threatened them in language of an insolent bully.
• The present government had added political and economic concession to balochistan (18th amendment, the reform pakage and the NFC awarad) to the policy of settling issues through force.
• This strategy cant deliver coz no pakage has been given shape in consultation with the baloch people.
• The Bhutto-bizenjo accord of 1972 was wrecked by bizenjo’s rivals in his own party and Mr Bhutto himself.
• The memorandum of understanding signed by MRD parties in 1980’s was never taken seriously by the signatories except for the baloch.
• During musharraf regime senate committee made some proposals but failed but to rejection of military establishment.

Key points

• The state lack interest in negotiating a settlement with nationalists.
• Peace accord with balochi nationalists is necessary.
• The next step is identification of elements with a compact would be meaning ful.
• State is talking even to elements who are prepared for a peace deal.
• The present balochistan assembly does not have the requisite credensials.
• 2008 polls were boycotted by the nationalist parties.
• And also that the provincial government enjoys a little real authority.
• There are lot of obstacles on the road to a peace thata are.
• Security establishment
• Bureaucrats
• Denial of baloch rights

adroit.jrk · #26 Thursday, June 02, 2011

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imbindas · #27 Thursday, June 02, 2011

Pak-China Realations

Banking and financial cooperation:

• The export import bank of china(EIBC) is engaged in numerous mega projects in Pakistan.
• They are
• Chashma power plant
• Karakkoram high way
• Saindak mining project
• Bank of china (BOC) agreed to facilitate entrepreneurs to invest in Pakistan’s enery and telecom sector.
• Industrial and commercial bank of china (ICBC) begin its operation within Pakistan by opening its two branches here .

Public private sector collaboration:

• China will invest $400 million for setting up 350MW thermal unit.
• Pakistan also invited china to invest coal power project and basha dam.
• Chinese companies are engaged in 40 projects of hydro , thermal and nuclear power.
• With technological support of china Pakistan launched six different projects. they are
• Nuclear power plants
• Construction of highways
• Satellite communication
• Rehabilitation of earthquake areas.

Space technology:

• Pakistan’s new satellite PAKSAT-IR is under construction in china academy of space technology (CAST), which will be sent to space on august 14, 2011 .

Chinese assistance in times of natural calamities:

• Provided $10 million for citizen damage compensation plan (for flood hit area)
• Provided $100 million loan.
• Chian support pak civil nuclear generation projects.

 Pakistan also fully supported the country on . the following
 The issus of Taiwan and Tibet
 Over the issue of human rights and sinkiang
 For china membership in UN assembly
 We stand by china on the issue of noble prize controversy

 China is perhaps the only state to publicly acknowledge Pakistan’s contribution and its sacrifices in the war against terrorism.
 China termed Pakistan as “cradle of culture”.
 Pakistan consider china to the a “land of wounders” , having people of great commitment.
 According to Chinese data , tarde between thw two countries totaled $8.7 billion in 201 , up by 27.7 percent as compared to the year earlier.

imbindas · #28 Saturday, June 04, 2011

Economic priorities

• The federal and provincial government need to take care deep reforms as follows.
• To accelerate growth
• To accelerate lower debth
• Reduce inequalities
• Reduce poverty
• Reduce inflation
• Reduce youth unemployment
• Improve education
• Improve health sector
• Remove water and power shortages

Without such reforms

• Farmers will fight with farmers for waters.
• Provinces will fight with provinces for water.
• Cities will become unlivable
• Millions of unemployed people will join organized crimes.

what sould be done

• Pakistan economy must have an organized economic strategies on part of federation and provinces.
• Tax reforms are necessary to to reduce deficits and debts and to increase expenditure .
• Tax reform strategy must be introduced to increase the tax-GDP ratio at least 20 percent in five years.
• Far greater accountability and transparency is needed on defence. there needs to be a debate on the value of billions of dollars spent on the expensive assets,fighters,ships,submarines,heavy armament, which cannot be even protected.
• The defence establishment needs to focus on its core mission and get out of running cement and fertilizer factories, bakeries ,logistics and construction companies , housing and land development.
• Eliminating untargeted subsidies would yield massive savings. Like
• Subsidies to all non energy public enterprises such as PIA, Pakistan steel etc
• The subsidy on gas to fertilizers companies.
• An imported fertilizer and wheat.
• Subsidy on CNG.

imbindas · #29 Saturday, June 04, 2011

Extra legal killings

• In 2010, 338 men reported to be killed in so-called police encounters all over Pakistan.
• HRCP(human rights commission pakistan) recorded 226 encounter killings in 2009.
• 1998 was the worst , 417 suspects were killed.
• During 1990-2005 2246 suspects were killed.

Number of factors have contributed to the failure of efforts aimed at checking extra-legal killings. They are

• Such killings enjoy blessing of government leaders.
• Some police officers justified the killing of their victims either in the view of heinous nature of crime or their lack of confidence in judicial system.
• By extra legal killings corrupt officials to offer there services for hire.
• The system of judicial enquiries into police encounters or death custody have been collapsed.
• It have been made worst by war on terror.
• Once person is branded as terrorists – he loses all his rights , including right to life .
• The authorities have done a little to sensitise law enforcement personals to laws.

There is an obvious need to devise a two pronged strategy to stop extra legal killings. They are

• The manuals of training of law enforcement agencies must include directions and methods of avoiding extra legal killings.
• The senior officials in all law enforcement agencies should start punishing their offending subordinates instead of defending them.

The Lojic · #30 Friday, November 25, 2011

very good notes... nice effort...
bro... iran's atomic capabiliti issue and fear of america n israil is missing..
middle east changes issues, new role of turkey [assighned by US] in middle east , and us-economy issue is also very imp 4 2o12...
dont stop bro... collect good data regarding the above mentioned 4'5 topics

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