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Everyday Science (My Notes)
[B][U][CENTER][FONT="Georgia"][SIZE="6"][COLOR="DarkGreen"]Abbreviations:
From Past Papers[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/CENTER][/U][/B] [B]1. LPG: [COLOR="Purple"]Liquefied Petroleum Gas[/COLOR] 2. TNT: [COLOR="Purple"]Tri Nitro Toluene[/COLOR] 3. RNA: [COLOR="purple"]Ribonucleic Acid[/COLOR] 4. CNG: [COLOR="purple"]Compressed Natural Gas[/COLOR] 5. ATP: [COLOR="purple"]Adenosine Tri Phosphate[/COLOR] 6. RBC: [COLOR="purple"]Red Blood Cells/Corpuscles[/COLOR] 7. ECG: [COLOR="purple"]Electro Cardio Gram[/COLOR] 8. PVC: [COLOR="purple"]Poly vinyl Chloride[/COLOR] 9. RAM: [COLOR="purple"]Random Access Memory[/COLOR] 10. CFC: [COLOR="purple"]Chloro Fluoro Carbon[/COLOR] 11. LASER: [COLOR="purple"]Light Amplification by Stimulated emission of Radiation[/COLOR] 12. RADAR: [COLOR="purple"]Radio Detection And Ranging[/COLOR] 13. AIDS: [COLOR="purple"]Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome[/COLOR] 14. ROM: [COLOR="purple"]Read Only Memory[/COLOR] 15. LAN: [COLOR="purple"]Local Area Network[/COLOR] 16. WWW: [COLOR="purple"]World Wide Web[/COLOR] 17. DNA: [COLOR="purple"]Deoxyribonucleic Acid[/COLOR] 18. SONAR: [COLOR="purple"]Sound Navigation And Ranging[/COLOR] 19. SARS: [COLOR="purple"]Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome[/COLOR] 20. NTP: [COLOR="purple"]Network Time Protocol/ Normal Temperature and Pressure[/COLOR] 21. RQ: [COLOR="purple"]Respiratory Quotient[/COLOR] 22. NPN: [COLOR="purple"]Negative Positive Negative/[/COLOR] 23. PNP: [COLOR="purple"]Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase[/COLOR] 24. WAN: [COLOR="purple"]Wide Area Network[/COLOR] 25. CPU: [COLOR="purple"]Central Processing Unit[/COLOR] 26. BCG: [COLOR="purple"]Bacillus Calmette Guerin[/COLOR] 27. STP: [COLOR="purple"]Standard Temperature And Pressure/Shielded Twisted Pair/Sodium Tripolyphosphate/Spanning Tree Protocol[/COLOR] 28. ATP: [COLOR="purple"]Adenosine Triphosphate[/COLOR] 29. KWh: [COLOR="purple"]Kilo Watt Hour [/COLOR] 30. BTU: [COLOR="purple"]British thermal Unit[/COLOR] 31. LDL: [COLOR="purple"]Low Density Lipoprotein[/COLOR] 32. MAF: [COLOR="purple"]Million Acre Feet[/COLOR] 33. HDL: [COLOR="purple"]Hardware Description Language[/COLOR] 34. MCV: [COLOR="purple"]Mean Corpuscular Volume[/COLOR] 35. UHF: [COLOR="purple"]Ultra High Frequency[/COLOR] 36. LED: [COLOR="purple"]Light emitting Diode[/COLOR] 37. LCD: [COLOR="purple"]Liquid Crystal Display[/COLOR] 38. BASIC: [COLOR="Purple"]Beginner’s All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code[/COLOR] 39. MASER: [COLOR="purple"]Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation[/COLOR] 40. ETT: [COLOR="purple"]Educational Telecommunications and Technology/ European Transaction on Telecommunication[/COLOR] 41. HST: [COLOR="purple"]High Speed Technology/ High Speed Train (in UK)/Hubble Space Telescope[/COLOR] 42. DBS: [COLOR="purple"]Data Base Server/ Direct Broadcast Satellite[/COLOR] 43. CRO: [COLOR="purple"]Cathode Ray Oscilloscope[/COLOR] 44. BOT: [COLOR="purple"]Build, Operate and Transfer/Botulinum Toxin[/COLOR] 45. AMU: [COLOR="purple"]Atomic Mass Unit[/COLOR] 46. EMF: [COLOR="purple"]Electro Motive force[/COLOR] 47. ADH: [COLOR="purple"]Anti-diuretic Hormone[/COLOR] 48. GeV: [COLOR="purple"]Giga Electro Volt[/COLOR] 49. CRT: [COLOR="purple"]Cathode Ray Tube[/COLOR] 50. CNS: [COLOR="purple"]Central Nervous System[/COLOR] 51. PTFE: [COLOR="purple"]Poly Tetra Fluoro Ethylene[/COLOR] 52. GUT: [COLOR="purple"]Grand Unified Theory[/COLOR] 53. LONAR: [COLOR="purple"]Long Range Navigation[/COLOR] 54. MeV: [COLOR="purple"]Mega Electron Volt/ Million Electron Volt/ Multi-experiment Viewer[/COLOR] 55. AWACS: [COLOR="purple"]Airborne Warning and Control System[/COLOR] 56. CCTV: [COLOR="purple"]Closed-Circuit Television[/COLOR] [/B] |
[B][U][CENTER][FONT="Georgia"][SIZE="6"][COLOR="DarkGreen"]More Abbreviations:[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/CENTER][/U][/B]
[B]1. ABM: [COLOR="Purple"]Anti-Ballistic Missile[/COLOR] 2. AC: [COLOR="purple"]Alternating Current/Air Conditioning[/COLOR] 3. AEC: [COLOR="purple"]Atomic Energy Commission[/COLOR] 4. Alt: [COLOR="purple"]Altitude[/COLOR] 5. am: [COLOR="purple"]Ante Maridiem (Before Noon/Midday)[/COLOR] 6. Amp: [COLOR="purple"]Ampere[/COLOR] 7. APTEC: [COLOR="purple"]All Pakistan Technology Engineers Council[/COLOR] 8. ATM: [COLOR="purple"]Automated Teller Machine (Banking)[/COLOR] 9. AW: [COLOR="purple"]Atomic Weight/ Asia Watch[/COLOR] 10. BIOS: [COLOR="purple"]Basic Input Output System[/COLOR] 11. BDS: [COLOR="purple"]Bachelor Of Dental Surgery/ Bomb Disposal Squad[/COLOR] 12. BP: [COLOR="purple"]Blood Pressure/ Boiling Point/ Blue Print[/COLOR] 13. C/A: [COLOR="purple"]Current Account[/COLOR] 14. CAA: [COLOR="purple"]Civil Aviation Authority[/COLOR] 15. CABB: [COLOR="purple"]Centre Of Agricultural Biochemistry And Biotechnology[/COLOR] 16. CAD: [COLOR="purple"]Computer-Aided Design[/COLOR] 17. Cal: [COLOR="purple"]Calorie[/COLOR] 18. CD: [COLOR="purple"]Compact Disc/ Civil Defence/ Community Development[/COLOR] 19. CD-ROM: [COLOR="purple"]Compact Disc Read-Only Memory[/COLOR] 20. CECP: [COLOR="purple"]Cotton Export Corporation Of Pakistan[/COLOR] 21. CHASNUPP: [COLOR="purple"]Chashma Nuclear Power Plant[/COLOR] 22. CMCC: [COLOR="purple"]China Mobile Communications Corporation[/COLOR] 23. COM: [COLOR="purple"]Computer Aided Manufacturing[/COLOR] 24. COMSAT: [COLOR="purple"]Communications Satellite Corporation[/COLOR] 25. COMSTECH: [COLOR="purple"]Council Of Scientific And Technology Cooperation Of Islamic Conference[/COLOR] 26. CSIRO: [COLOR="purple"]Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation[/COLOR] 27. CTBT: [COLOR="purple"]Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty[/COLOR] 28. CT-Scan: [COLOR="purple"]Computerised Axial Tomography Scanning[/COLOR] 29. DVD: [COLOR="purple"]Dynamic Versatile Disc[/COLOR] 30. ECAT: [COLOR="purple"]Engineering Colleges Admission Test[/COLOR] 31. EDB: [COLOR="purple"]Engineering Development Board[/COLOR] 32. EEG: [COLOR="purple"]Electroencephalogram[/COLOR] 33. ENERCON: [COLOR="purple"]Energy Conservation Centre[/COLOR] 34. EPA: [COLOR="purple"]Energy Protection Agency[/COLOR] 35. EPD: [COLOR="purple"]Energy Protection Departmen[/COLOR]t 36. ESA: [COLOR="purple"]European Space Agency[/COLOR] 37. ESRO: [COLOR="purple"]European Space Research Organisation[/COLOR] 38. FAT: [COLOR="purple"]File Allocation Table[/COLOR] 39. FCPS: [COLOR="purple"]Fellow Of The Royal College Of Physicians And Surgeons[/COLOR] 40. FM: [COLOR="purple"]Frequency Modulation[/COLOR] 41. FMCT: [COLOR="purple"]Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty[/COLOR] 42. FRCS: [COLOR="purple"]Fellow Of The Royal College Of Surgeons[/COLOR] 43. GHz. [COLOR="purple"]Gigahertz[/COLOR] 44. GMT: [COLOR="purple"]Greenwich Mean Time[/COLOR] 45. HIV: [COLOR="purple"]Human Immune Deficiency Virus[/COLOR] 46. HTML: [COLOR="purple"]Hypertext Mark-Up Language[/COLOR] 47. HTTP: [COLOR="purple"]Hypertext Transfer Protocol[/COLOR] 48. IAEA:[COLOR="purple"]International Atomic Energy Agency (UN)[/COLOR] 49. IBM: [COLOR="purple"]International Business Machine[/COLOR] 50. IC: [COLOR="purple"]Integrated Circuit/ Intelligence Corps[/COLOR] [/B] source: EDS by Ch.Ahmad Najib |
[B]51. ICBM: [COLOR="Purple"]Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile[/COLOR]
52. ICU: [COLOR="purple"]Intensive Care Unit[/COLOR] 53. IEA: [COLOR="purple"]International Energy Agency[/COLOR] 54. INSTRAW: [COLOR="purple"]International Research And Training Institute For The Advancement Of Women[/COLOR] 55. INTELSAC: [COLOR="purple"]International Telecommunications Satellite Consortium[/COLOR] 56. Intelsat: [COLOR="purple"]International Telecommunications Satellite Organisation[/COLOR] 57. IRBM: [COLOR="purple"]Intermediate Range ballistic Missile[/COLOR] 58. ISP: [COLOR="purple"]Internet Service Provider[/COLOR] 59. IT: [COLOR="purple"]Information Technology[/COLOR] 60. ITB: [COLOR="purple"]Information Technology Board[/COLOR] 61. JAXA: [COLOR="purple"]Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency[/COLOR] 62. KANUPP: [COLOR="purple"]Karachi Nuclear Power Plant[/COLOR] 63. KAPCO: [COLOR="purple"]Kot Adu Power Company[/COLOR] 64. kHz: [COLOR="purple"]Kilohertz[/COLOR] 65. KV: [COLOR="purple"]Kilo Volt[/COLOR] 66. kW: [COLOR="purple"]Kilowatt[/COLOR] 67. MCAT: [COLOR="purple"]Medical Colleges Admission Test[/COLOR] 68. MDS:[COLOR="purple"] Master In Dental Surgery[/COLOR] 69. MNP: [COLOR="purple"]Mobile Number Probability[/COLOR] 70. MRBM: [COLOR="purple"]Medium Range Ballistic Missile[/COLOR] 71. MRCP: [COLOR="purple"]Member Of Royal College Of Physicians[/COLOR] 72. MRCS: [COLOR="purple"]Member Of Royal College Of Surgeons[/COLOR] 73. MRI: [COLOR="purple"]Magnetic Resonance Imaging[/COLOR] 74. MS: [COLOR="purple"]Medical Superintendent[/COLOR] 75. MSN: [COLOR="purple"]Microsoft Network[/COLOR] 76. MW: [COLOR="purple"]Megawatt[/COLOR] 77. NADRA: [COLOR="purple"]National Database And Registration Authority[/COLOR] 78. NEPRA: [COLOR="purple"]National Electric Power Regulatory Authority[/COLOR] 79. NM: [COLOR="purple"]Nautical Mile[/COLOR] 80. NMD: [COLOR="purple"]National Missile Defence[/COLOR] 81. NPT: [COLOR="purple"]Non-Nuclear Proliferation Treaty[/COLOR] 82. NRA: [COLOR="purple"]Nuclear Regulatory Authority[/COLOR] 83. OGRA: [COLOR="purple"]Oil And Gas Regulatory Authority[/COLOR] 84. NWD: [COLOR="purple"]Nation Wide Dialling[/COLOR] 85. OGDC: [COLOR="purple"]Oil And Gas Development Corporation[/COLOR] 86. pm: [COLOR="purple"]Post Meridiem[/COLOR] 87. PEMRA: [COLOR="purple"]Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority[/COLOR] 88. PTA: [COLOR="purple"]Pakistan Telecommunication Authority[/COLOR] 89. RADAR: [COLOR="purple"]Radio Detection and Ranging[/COLOR] 90. SALT: [COLOR="purple"]Strategic Arms Limitation Talks[/COLOR] 91. SLV: [COLOR="purple"]Satellite Launch Vehicle[/COLOR] 92. SMS: [COLOR="purple"]Short Message Service[/COLOR] 93. SNGPL: [COLOR="purple"]Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited[/COLOR] 94. SONAR: [COLOR="purple"]Sound Navigation And Ranging[/COLOR] 95. SSGPL: [COLOR="purple"]Sui Southern Gas Pipeline Limited[/COLOR] 96. STD: [COLOR="purple"]Subscriber’s Trunk Dialling[/COLOR] 97. STM: [COLOR="purple"]Subscriber Identification[/COLOR] 98. SUPARCO: [COLOR="purple"]Space And Upper Atmosphere Research Committee (Pakistan)[/COLOR] 99. TB: [COLOR="purple"]Tubercle Bacillus/ Tuberculosis[/COLOR] 100. UHF: [COLOR="purple"]Ultra High Frequency[/B][/COLOR] |
[B]101. UNAEC: [COLOR="Purple"]United Nations Atomic Energy Commission[/COLOR]
102. UNESCO: [COLOR="purple"]United Nations Education, Scientific And Cultural Organisation[/COLOR] 103. VCD: [COLOR="purple"]Video Compact Disc[/COLOR] 104. VHF: [COLOR="purple"]Very High Frequency[/COLOR] 105. WAN: [COLOR="purple"]Wide Area Network[/COLOR] 106. WAP: [COLOR="purple"]Wireless Application Protocol[/COLOR] 107. WAPDA: [COLOR="purple"]Water And Power Development Authority[/COLOR] 108. WHO: [COLOR="purple"]World Health Organisation[/COLOR] 109. WMD: [COLOR="purple"]Weapons Of Mass Destruction[/COLOR] 110. WWF: [COLOR="purple"]World Wildlife Fund[/COLOR] 111. ZETA: [COLOR="purple"]Zero Energy Thermo-Nuclear Assembly[/COLOR] 112. ZPG: [COLOR="purple"]Zero Population Growth[/COLOR] [/B] |
[B][U][CENTER][FONT="Georgia"][SIZE="6"][COLOR="Green"]UNITS:
From Past Papers:[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/CENTER][/U][/B] [B]1. Force: [COLOR="Purple"]Newton/ Dyne[/COLOR] 2. Temperature: [COLOR="purple"]Kelvin/ Celsius/ Degree[/COLOR] 3. Current: [COLOR="purple"]Ampere[/COLOR] 4. Heat: [COLOR="purple"]Joule/ Calorie/ BTU[/COLOR] 5. Pressure:[COLOR="purple"] Pascal/Torr[/COLOR] 6. Radioactivity: [COLOR="purple"]Becquerel/Curie/Rutherford[/COLOR] 7. Atomic energy: [COLOR="purple"]Rydberg/Joule[/COLOR] 8. Voltage: [COLOR="purple"]Volt[/COLOR] 9. Electric Potential Difference: [COLOR="purple"]Volt[/COLOR] 10. Electric Charge: [COLOR="purple"]Coulomb[/COLOR] 11. Power: [COLOR="purple"]Watt[/COLOR] 12. Resistance: [COLOR="purple"]Ohm[/COLOR] 13. Conductivity: [COLOR="purple"]Mho[/COLOR] 14. Energy: [COLOR="purple"]Joule/ Erg[/COLOR] 15. Distance Between Stars And Planets: [COLOR="purple"]Light Year[/COLOR] 16. Wavelength:[COLOR="purple"] Angstrom[/COLOR] 17. Volume: [COLOR="purple"]Acre-Foot/Litre[/COLOR] 18. Frequency: [COLOR="purple"]Hertz[/COLOR] 19. Rate of flow of water: [COLOR="purple"]Cusec[/COLOR] 20. Length: [COLOR="purple"]Meter/Fermi/Parsec[/COLOR] 21. Optical Power Of A Lens or A Curved Mirror: [COLOR="purple"]Dioptre[/COLOR] 22. Plane Angle: [COLOR="purple"]Radian[/COLOR] 23. Luminous Intensity: [COLOR="purple"]Candela[/COLOR] 24. Amount of Substance: [COLOR="purple"]Mole[/COLOR] 25. Rate Of Decay Of Radioactive Material: [COLOR="purple"]Rutherford[/COLOR] 26. Sedimentation Rate: [COLOR="purple"]SVEDBERG Unit[/COLOR] 27. Induction: [COLOR="purple"]Henry[/COLOR] 28. Magnetic flux: [COLOR="purple"]Maxwell/ Weber[/COLOR] 29. Magnetic Flux Density/Magnetic Inductivity: [COLOR="purple"]Telsa/Gauss[/COLOR] 30. Electric Conductance: [COLOR="purple"]Siemens[/COLOR] 31. Angle: [COLOR="purple"]Degree[/COLOR] 32. Solid Angle: [COLOR="purple"]Steradian[/COLOR] 33. Torque: [COLOR="purple"]Foot-Pound[/COLOR] 34. Mass: [COLOR="purple"]Slug[/COLOR] 35. Volume of Water Reservoirs: [COLOR="purple"]Acre-foot[/COLOR] 36. Mechanical work/Energy:[COLOR="purple"] Erg[/COLOR] 37. Magneto Motive Force: [COLOR="purple"]Gilbert[/COLOR] [/B] |
[B]38. Newton: [COLOR="Purple"]Force[/COLOR]
39. Dyne: [COLOR="purple"]Force[/COLOR] 40. Kelvin: [COLOR="purple"]Temperature[/COLOR] 41. Celsius: [COLOR="purple"]Temperature[/COLOR] 42. Degree: [COLOR="purple"]Temperature[/COLOR] 43. Ampere: [COLOR="purple"]Current[/COLOR] 44. Joule: [COLOR="purple"]Heat/Atomic Energy/Energy[/COLOR] 45. Calorie: [COLOR="purple"]Heat[/COLOR] 46. BTU: [COLOR="purple"]Heat[/COLOR] 47. Pascal:[COLOR="purple"] Pressure[/COLOR] 48. Torr: [COLOR="purple"]Pressure[/COLOR] 49. Becquerel: [COLOR="purple"]Radioactivity[/COLOR] 50. Curie: [COLOR="purple"]Radioactivity[/COLOR] 51. Rutherford: [COLOR="purple"]Rate Of Decay Of Radioactive Material/Radioactivity[/COLOR] 52. Rydberg: [COLOR="purple"]Atomic Energy[/COLOR] 53. Volt: [COLOR="purple"]Voltage/Electron Potential Difference[/COLOR] 54. Coulomb: [COLOR="purple"]Electric Charge[/COLOR] 55. Watt: [COLOR="purple"]Power[/COLOR] 56. Ohm: [COLOR="purple"]Resistance[/COLOR] 57. Mho: [COLOR="purple"]Conductivity[/COLOR] 58. Erg: [COLOR="purple"]Energy[/COLOR] 59. Light Year: [COLOR="purple"]Distance Between Stars[/COLOR] 60. Angstrom: [COLOR="purple"]Wavelength[/COLOR] 61. Litre: [COLOR="purple"]Volume[/COLOR] 62. Acre Foot: [COLOR="purple"]Volume[/COLOR] 63. Hertz: [COLOR="purple"]Frequency[/COLOR] 64. Cusec: [COLOR="purple"]Rate Of Flow Of Water[/COLOR] 65. Meter: [COLOR="purple"]Length[/COLOR] 66. Fermi: [COLOR="purple"]Length[/COLOR] 67. Parsec: [COLOR="purple"]Length[/COLOR] 68. Dioptre: [COLOR="purple"]Optical Power Of Lens[/COLOR] 69. Radian: [COLOR="purple"]Plane Angle[/COLOR] 70. Candela: [COLOR="purple"]Luminous Intensity[/COLOR] 71. SVEDBERG: [COLOR="purple"]Sedimentation Rate[/COLOR] 72. Henry:[COLOR="purple"] inductance[/COLOR] 73. Maxwell: [COLOR="purple"]Magnetic Flux[/COLOR] 74. Weber: [COLOR="purple"]Magnetic Flux[/COLOR] 75. Tesla: [COLOR="purple"]Magnetic Flux Density/Magnetic Inductivity[/COLOR] 76. Gauss: [COLOR="purple"]Magnetic Flux Density/Magnetic Inductivity[/COLOR] 77. Siemens: [COLOR="purple"]Electric Conductance[/COLOR] 78. Degree: [COLOR="purple"]Angle[/COLOR] 79. Steradian: [COLOR="purple"]Solid Angle[/COLOR] 80. Foot Pound: [COLOR="purple"]torque[/COLOR] 81. Slug: [COLOR="purple"]Mass[/COLOR] 82. Erg: [COLOR="purple"]Mechanical Work/Energy[/COLOR] 83. Gilbert: [COLOR="purple"]Magneto Motive Force[/COLOR] [/B] |
Inviting all the senior and experienced members for guidance..Thanking in advance...Regards:))
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[COLOR="DarkGreen"][B][U][CENTER][FONT="Georgia"][SIZE="6"]Discoveries/Inventions-Scientists
Past Papers[/SIZE][/FONT][/CENTER][/U][/B][/COLOR] [B]1. Structure Of DNA: [COLOR="Purple"]Watson & Crick[/COLOR] 2. Rabies Vaccination: [COLOR="purple"]Louis Pasteur[/COLOR] 3. Penicillin: Alexander [COLOR="purple"]Fleming[/COLOR] 4. Genetic Laws of Heredity: [COLOR="purple"]Mendel[/COLOR] 5. Vaccination Against Small Pox: [COLOR="purple"]Edward Jenner[/COLOR] 6. Solar System: [COLOR="purple"]Copernicus[/COLOR] 7. Current Electricity: [COLOR="purple"]Volta[/COLOR] 8. Telephone: [COLOR="purple"]Graham Bell[/COLOR] 9. Gramophone: [COLOR="purple"]Thomas Edison[/COLOR] 10. Atomic Number: [COLOR="purple"]Mosley[/COLOR] 11. Mercury Thermometer: [COLOR="purple"]Fahrenheit[/COLOR] 12. Dynamite: [COLOR="purple"]Alfred Noble[/COLOR] 13. Cell: [COLOR="purple"]Robert Hooke[/COLOR] 14. Television: [COLOR="purple"]John Baird[/COLOR] 15. X-rays: [COLOR="purple"]Roentgen[/COLOR] 16. Circulation Of Blood: [COLOR="purple"]William Harvey[/COLOR] 17. Bicycle: [COLOR="purple"]Macmillan[/COLOR] 18. Wireless Telegraphy: [COLOR="purple"]Signor Marconi[/COLOR] 19. Microorganisms: [COLOR="purple"]Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek[/COLOR] 20. Laser: [COLOR="purple"]Dr. C. Gilbert[/COLOR] 21. Periodic Table: [COLOR="purple"]Mendeleev[/COLOR] 22. Radium: [COLOR="purple"]Madam Marie Curie[/COLOR] 23. Mass/Energy Conversion Equation: [COLOR="purple"]Einstein[/COLOR] 24. Cement: [COLOR="purple"]Joseph Aspdin[/COLOR] 25. Simple Microscope: [COLOR="purple"]Hans Janssen and Zacharias Janssen[/COLOR] 26. Sulphuric, Nitric and Hydrochloric Acid: [COLOR="purple"]Jabir Bin Hayan[/COLOR] 27. Jet Engine: [COLOR="purple"]Frank Whittle[/COLOR] 28. Electricity: [COLOR="purple"]Thomas Edison[/COLOR] 29. Computer: [COLOR="Purple"]Charles Babbage[/COLOR] 30. Lightening Conductor: [COLOR="purple"]Benjamin Franklin[/COLOR] 31. Semiconductor: [COLOR="purple"]Bardeen and Brattain[/COLOR] 32. Uncertainty Principle: [COLOR="purple"]Heisenberg[/COLOR] 33. Cyclotron: [COLOR="purple"]Ernest Lawrence[/COLOR] 34. Electro Magnetic Engine: [COLOR="purple"]James Maxwell[/COLOR] 35. Internal Combustion Engine: [COLOR="purple"]Nikolas August Otto[/COLOR] 36. Earth As A Huge Magnet: [COLOR="purple"]William Gilbert[/COLOR] 37. First Person To Orbit Earth: [COLOR="purple"]Yuri Gagarin[/COLOR] 38. Water: [COLOR="purple"]Henry Cavendish[/COLOR] 39. Gravitation: [COLOR="purple"]Newton[/COLOR] 40. Magnet: [COLOR="purple"]Dr. Gilbert[/COLOR] 41. E.M Induction: [COLOR="purple"]Faraday[/COLOR] 42. Energy Quanta: [COLOR="purple"]Max Planck[/COLOR][/B] |
[CENTER][B][U][FONT="Georgia"][SIZE="6"][COLOR="DarkGreen"]More Discoveries/Inventions-Scientists[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/U][/B]
[/CENTER] [B]43. Vitamin. C Therapy: [COLOR="Purple"]Linus Pauling[/COLOR] 44. First Clone Of A Sheep:[COLOR="purple"] Ian Wilmit[/COLOR] 45. Streptomycin: [COLOR="purple"]S.A.Waksman[/COLOR] 46. Helical Structure Of Protein: [COLOR="purple"]Linus Pauling[/COLOR] 47. Polio Vaccine: [COLOR="purple"]Jonas Salk[/COLOR] 48. Nylon: [COLOR="purple"]Wallace. H Carothers[/COLOR] 49. Radioactivity: [COLOR="purple"]Becquerel[/COLOR] 50. Safety Match: [COLOR="purple"]John Walker[/COLOR] 51. Gun Powder:[COLOR="purple"] Roger Bacon[/COLOR] 52. Jupiter: [COLOR="purple"]Galileo[/COLOR] 53. Neutron: [COLOR="purple"]James Chadwick[/COLOR] 54. Earth’s Radius: [COLOR="purple"]Eratosthenes[/COLOR] 55. Oxygen: [COLOR="purple"]Joseph Priestley[/COLOR] 56. Noble Gases: [COLOR="purple"]Cavendish[/COLOR] 57. Synthesis Of Gene In Laboratory: [COLOR="purple"]Hargobind Khorana[/COLOR] 58. Earth Revolves Round The Sun: [COLOR="purple"]Copernicus[/COLOR] 59. Binomial Nomenclature: [COLOR="purple"]Carl Von Linnaeus[/COLOR] 60. North America: [COLOR="purple"]Christopher Columbus[/COLOR] 61. Green Land: [COLOR="purple"]Robert Peary [/COLOR] 62. Transistor: [COLOR="purple"]William Bradford Shockley [/COLOR] 63. Typewriter: [COLOR="Purple"]Sholes[/COLOR] 64. Bacteriology:[COLOR="purple"] Pasteur[/COLOR] 65. Laser: [COLOR="purple"]Theodore Maiman [/COLOR] 66. Father Of Botany: [COLOR="purple"]Theophrastus[/COLOR] 67. Father Of Zoology: [COLOR="purple"]Aristotle[/COLOR] 68. Father Of Taxonomy: [COLOR="purple"]Carolus Linnaeus[/COLOR] 69. Father Of Genetics: [COLOR="purple"]Gregor Mendel[/COLOR] 70. Cell Theory: [COLOR="purple"]Scheilden And Schwann[/COLOR] 71. Cholera Bacillus: [COLOR="purple"]Robert Koch[/COLOR] 72. Theory Of Relativity And Photoelectric Effect: [COLOR="purple"]Einstein[/COLOR] 73. Insulin: [COLOR="purple"]Dr. F.G Banting[/COLOR] 74. Nucleus: [COLOR="purple"]Robert Brown[/COLOR] 75. Chromosome: [COLOR="purple"]Waldeyer[/COLOR] 76. Ultra Violet Rays: [COLOR="purple"]Johann Wilhelm Ritter[/COLOR] 77. Law Of Attraction And Repulsion Between Electric Charges: [COLOR="purple"]Coulomb[/COLOR] 78. Battery: [COLOR="purple"]Alessandro Volta[/COLOR] 79. Electromagnetic theory: [COLOR="purple"]James Clerk Maxwell[/COLOR] 80. First Person To Televise Pictures Of Moving Objects: [COLOR="purple"]John Logie Baird[/COLOR] 81. Antiseptic Medicine: [COLOR="purple"]Joseph Lister[/COLOR] 82. Cotton Gin: [COLOR="purple"]Eli Whitney[/COLOR] 83. Big Bang Theory:[COLOR="purple"] Georges Lemaitre[/COLOR] 84. Electron: [COLOR="purple"]J.J Thomson[/COLOR] 85. Aeroplane: [COLOR="purple"]Wilbur and Orville Wright[/COLOR] 86. Steam Railway Locomotive: [COLOR="purple"]Richard Trevithick[/COLOR] 87. Radio: [COLOR="purple"]Marconi[/COLOR] 88. Household Vacuum Cleaner: [COLOR="purple"]Herbert Cecil Booth[/COLOR] 89. Bakelite: [COLOR="purple"]Baekeland[/COLOR] 90. Windscreen Wipers: [COLOR="purple"]Marry Anderson[/COLOR] 91. Ballpoint pen: [COLOR="purple"]Laszlo And Georg Biro[/COLOR] 92. Helicopter: [COLOR="purple"]Igor Sikorsky[/COLOR] 93. DDT: [COLOR="purple"]Paul Muller[/COLOR] 94. Blood Banking: [COLOR="purple"]Charles Drew[/COLOR] 95. AK-47: [COLOR="purple"]Mikhail Kalashnikov[/COLOR] 96. Integrated Circuit: [COLOR="purple"]Robert Noyce[/COLOR] 97. Cellular Phone: [COLOR="purple"]Dr. Martin Cooper[/COLOR] 98. Vitamins: [COLOR="purple"]Funk[/COLOR] 99. Uranus:[COLOR="purple"] Herschel[/COLOR] 100. Calculating Machine: [COLOR="purple"]Blaise Pascal[/COLOR] 101. Tuberculosis:[COLOR="purple"] Robert Koch[/COLOR] 102. Logarithm Table: [COLOR="purple"]John Napier[/COLOR] 103. Malaria Parasite: [COLOR="purple"]Ronald Ross[/COLOR] 104. Zero:[COLOR="purple"] Al Khwarizmi[/COLOR] 105. Velocity Of Light: [COLOR="purple"]Roomer[/COLOR] [/B] |
[SIZE="6"][FONT="Georgia"][COLOR="DarkGreen"][B][U][CENTER]Physical Quantity—Instrument For Measurement:[/CENTER][/U][/B][/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE]
[B][U][CENTER][FONT="Georgia"][SIZE="6"][COLOR="DarkGreen"]Past Papers[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/CENTER][/U][/B] [B]1. Pressure: [/B][COLOR="Purple"]Barometer[/COLOR] [B]2. Voltage: [COLOR="purple"]Voltmeter[/COLOR] 3. Purity Of Milk: [COLOR="purple"]Lactometer[/COLOR] 4. Temperature: [COLOR="purple"]Thermometer[/COLOR] 5. Velocity Of Wind: [COLOR="purple"]Anemometer[/COLOR] 6. Earthquake: [COLOR="purple"]Richter Scale[/COLOR] 7. Degree Of Humidity: [COLOR="purple"]Hygrometer[/COLOR] 8. Blood Pressure: [COLOR="purple"]Sphygmomanometer[/COLOR] 9. Radioactivity: [COLOR="purple"]Geiger Counter[/COLOR] 10. High Temperature: [COLOR="purple"]Pyrometer[/COLOR] 11. Rainfall: [COLOR="purple"]Rain Guage[/COLOR] 12. Earthquake Recording: [COLOR="purple"]Seismograph[/COLOR] 13. Electric current: [COLOR="purple"]Ammeter[/COLOR][/B] |
[B]14. Altitude: [COLOR="Purple"]Altimeter[/COLOR]
15. Velocity And Direction Of Wind: [COLOR="purple"]Anemometer[/COLOR] 16. Sensitivity Of Skin: [COLOR="purple"]Algeismeter[/COLOR] 17. Atmospheric Pressure: [COLOR="purple"]Aneriodograph/Barometer[/COLOR] 18. Improvement Of Hearing Power: [COLOR="purple"]Audiometer[/COLOR] 19. Quantity Of Heat: [COLOR="purple"]Calorimeter[/COLOR] 20. Intensities Of Colours: [COLOR="purple"]Colorimeter[/COLOR] 21. Longitude Of Vessel Over Sea: [COLOR="purple"]Chronometer[/COLOR] 22. Detection Of Electric Charge: [COLOR="purple"]Electroscope[/COLOR] 23. Voltage Difference: [COLOR="purple"]Electrometer[/COLOR] 24. Depth Of The Ocean: [COLOR="purple"]Fathometer[/COLOR] 25. Small Electric Current: [COLOR="purple"]Galvanometer[/COLOR] 26. Relative Density of Liquids: [COLOR="purple"]Hydrometer[/COLOR] 27. Change In Atmospheric Humidity: [COLOR="purple"]Hygroscope[/COLOR] 28. Detection And Measurement Of Light: [COLOR="purple"]Photoelectric Cell[/COLOR] 29. Salinity Of Water: [COLOR="purple"]Salinometer[/COLOR] 30. Spectrum Analysis: [COLOR="purple"]Spectroscope[/COLOR] 31. Hearing Of Heartbeat And Lung Sound: [COLOR="purple"]Stethoscope[/COLOR] 32. Maintenance Of A Constant Temperature: [COLOR="purple"]Thermostat[/COLOR] 33. Amplification Of Current: [COLOR="purple"]Transistor[/COLOR] 34. Measurement OF Potential Difference Between Two Points: [COLOR="purple"]Voltammete[/COLOR]r 35. Flow Of Air: [COLOR="purple"]Aerometer[/COLOR] 36. Radiant Energy: [COLOR="purple"]Radiometer[/COLOR] 37. Conversion Of Rays Into Mechanical energy: [COLOR="purple"]Radiograph[/COLOR] 38. Measurement Of Intensity Of Light:[COLOR="purple"] Lucimeter[/COLOR] 39. Radioactivity: [COLOR="purple"]Geiger Counter [/COLOR] [/B] |
[B]1. The energy of food is measured in [COLOR="Purple"]Calories[/COLOR]
2. The [COLOR="purple"]microscope[/COLOR] is used to study Small and near objects 3. The S.I unit of temperature is [COLOR="purple"]Kelvin[/COLOR] 4. The [COLOR="purple"]telescope[/COLOR] is used for viewing Distant Objects 5. [COLOR="purple"]Decibel[/COLOR] is a unit of Sound 6. The instrument used to measure Electric Current is [COLOR="purple"]Ammeter[/COLOR] 7. The apparatus used in submarines to give a clear view of the object, on the surface of the ocean or ground is known as [COLOR="purple"]Periscope[/COLOR] 8. [COLOR="purple"]Richter Scale[/COLOR] is used for measuring Intensity Of Earthquake 9. [COLOR="purple"]Fathometer [/COLOR]is used to measure Ocean Depth 10. [COLOR="purple"]Hygrometer[/COLOR] is used to measure Relative Humidity 11. [COLOR="purple"]Venturi Tube[/COLOR] is used for Measuring Flow Of A Fluid 12. [COLOR="purple"]Coronagraph[/COLOR] is used for Observing and often photographing the sun’s corona 13. [COLOR="purple"]Microphone[/COLOR] is used to convert sound waves into electric energy 14. Velocity of wind is measured by [COLOR="purple"]Anemometer[/COLOR] 15. [COLOR="purple"]Altimeter[/COLOR] is used to measure the approximate height above the ground 16. [COLOR="purple"]Light year[/COLOR] is related to Distance 17. Pressure of gases is measured by [COLOR="purple"]Barometer[/COLOR] 18. Altitude of the Sun is measured by [COLOR="purple"]Sextant[/COLOR] 19. There are [COLOR="purple"]981 Dynes[/COLOR] in one gram weight 20. When listening to heart beat with [COLOR="purple"]stethoscope[/COLOR], one hears closing of valves 21. The unit of Current is [COLOR="purple"]Ampere[/COLOR] 22. The unit of energy in MKS system is [COLOR="purple"]Joule[/COLOR] 23. The intensity of an earthquake is measured by [COLOR="purple"]Seismograph[/COLOR] 24. Centigrade and Fahrenheit scales give the same reading at [COLOR="purple"]-40 Degree[/COLOR] 25. The instrument, which is used to measure temperature by radiation, is called [COLOR="purple"]Pyrometer[/COLOR] 26. [COLOR="purple"]Centrifuge [/COLOR]is used to separate mixtures of chemicals 27. [COLOR="purple"]Radio Telescope[/COLOR] is used to receive radio waves from objects in space 28. [COLOR="purple"]Audiometer[/COLOR] is used to measure intensity of sound 29. A [COLOR="purple"]chronometer[/COLOR] is used to measure time 30. [COLOR="purple"]Electroscope[/COLOR] detects the presence of electric current 31. [COLOR="purple"]Stroboscope[/COLOR] is used to view rapidly moving objects 32. [COLOR="purple"]Taceometer[/COLOR] is used to measure distance, elevations and bearings during survey 33. [COLOR="purple"]Retinoscope [/COLOR]is an instrument used to determine Refractive power of lens 34. The final image produced by a simple microscope is [COLOR="purple"] Virtual and Erect[/COLOR] 35. [COLOR="purple"]Photodiode [/COLOR]is used for the detection of Light 36. A [COLOR="purple"]Polaroid [/COLOR]is a device used for analysing polarized light 37. The spectrum of luminous bodies is studied by [COLOR="purple"]Spectrometer[/COLOR] 38. [COLOR="purple"]Transformer[/COLOR] is used for conversion of low voltage into high voltage and vice-versa 39. [COLOR="purple"]Ophthalmoscope [/COLOR]is used to observe Retina 40. [COLOR="purple"]Sonar[/COLOR] works on the principle of Absorption of sound [/B] |
[B][U][CENTER][FONT="Georgia"][SIZE="5"][COLOR="DarkGreen"]Information For The Objective Portion Of The Paper: It Includes Past Papers[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/CENTER][/U][/B]
[B]1. When the resultant of all the forces acting on a body is zero the body is said to be in a state of [COLOR="Purple"]Equilibrium[/COLOR]. 2. Gamma Rays are similar to [COLOR="purple"]X-Rays[/COLOR]. 3. The Separation of ordinary light into its constituent colours is known as [COLOR="purple"]Dispersion.[/COLOR] 4. If a body weighs 600 kg on the surface of the earth then the weight of the same body on the surface of moon will be [COLOR="purple"]1/6th i.e. 100kg.[/COLOR] 5. When a bullet penetrates into a target, the kinetic energy of a bullet is converted into [COLOR="purple"]Mechanical Energy.[/COLOR] 6. The process of digestion begins in [COLOR="purple"]Mouth.[/COLOR] 7. Sometimes when white blood corpuscles greatly increase in number, they cause a disease called [COLOR="purple"]Leukaemia.[/COLOR] 8. The principle of wireless telegraphy was discovered by [COLOR="Purple"]Signor Marconi.[/COLOR] 9. The planet nearest to sun is [COLOR="purple"]Mercury[/COLOR]. 10. Pressure cooker works on the principle that the boiling point of a liquid [COLOR="purple"]increases[/COLOR] with the increase of pressure. 11. [COLOR="purple"]Copper[/COLOR] is the best conductor of electricity. 12. Blood cells are manufactured by [COLOR="purple"]bone marrow[/COLOR] of the body. 13. The smallest organism which causes disease is virus and even smaller is called[COLOR="purple"] viroids.[/COLOR] 14. Neutron, electron and Proton have [COLOR="Purple"]neutral, negative and positive [/COLOR]charges respectively. 15. Of all the flying machines that man has made only [COLOR="purple"]Rockets[/COLOR] are suitable for space flight. 16. Transistors do not need a warm up period because they have no [COLOR="purple"]Filaments.[/COLOR] 17. If an object gives off its own light, it is said to be [COLOR="purple"]Luminous.[/COLOR] 18. An electric heater would be most likely to produce [COLOR="purple"]I.R Radiations.[/COLOR] 19. The Kelvin scale of temperature is called the[COLOR="purple"] absolute scale.[/COLOR] 20. The type of radiation that is unaffected by magnetic field is called [COLOR="purple"]Gamma Rays.[/COLOR] 21. If we know the mass of an object and the force applied on it, it is possible to calculate [COLOR="purple"]acceleration of the object.[/COLOR] 22. Active transport in animals and plants required metabolic [COLOR="purple"]energy and Concentration Gradient[/COLOR] to carry the substances across cell membrane electrical gradient. 23. Diseases that spread through air are called [COLOR="purple"]Air Borne[/COLOR] diseases. 24. When iron is less in body, the quantity of [COLOR="purple"]Haemoglobin [/COLOR]in cell decreases. 25. Arteries become hard due to deposition of [COLOR="purple"]Fats and Cholesterol[/COLOR] in them. [/B] |
[B]26. The science of study of old age is called [COLOR="Purple"]Gerontology.[/COLOR]
27. The instrument used for measuring the velocity is called [COLOR="purple"]Anemometer[/COLOR]. 28. The science which deals with the bird is called [COLOR="purple"]Ornithology.[/COLOR] 29. The function of the [COLOR="purple"]thermostat[/COLOR] in a refrigerator is [COLOR="purple"]to maintain temperature.[/COLOR] 30. [COLOR="purple"]Blotting paper[/COLOR] absorbs ink because [COLOR="purple"]the action of capillary.[/COLOR] 31. [COLOR="purple"]Mirage [/COLOR]is an example of [COLOR="purple"]Reflection of Light.[/COLOR] 32. The age of a tree can be determined by counting [COLOR="purple"]Rings of stem.[/COLOR] 33. In a normal resting man, the rate of heart beat is [COLOR="purple"]72 per minute.[/COLOR] 34. In Pakistan copper is found in [COLOR="purple"]Saindak.[/COLOR] 35. [COLOR="purple"]American space shuttle Mercury Atlas-6 [/COLOR]is the first winged space ship to orbit and return to airport landing. 36. [COLOR="purple"]Myopia[/COLOR] is a defect of vision which does not permit to see clearly the distant objects. 37. The brightest planet is [COLOR="purple"]Venus.[/COLOR] 38. [COLOR="purple"]Urea[/COLOR] s not a phosphorous fertilizer. 39. [COLOR="purple"]Ibn Baitar[/COLOR] was a renowned Muslim Botanist. 40. [COLOR="purple"]Cellulose[/COLOR] is natural polymer. 41. [COLOR="purple"]Vitamin A & D[/COLOR] are not water soluble. 42. [COLOR="purple"]Amoeba[/COLOR] is a unicellular animal. 43. [COLOR="purple"]Solar eclipse [/COLOR]occurs in full moon. 44. [COLOR="purple"]Leprosy[/COLOR] is a disorder of the Nervous System. 45. [COLOR="purple"]Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)[/COLOR] cause decomposition of ozone. 46. [COLOR="purple"]Quartz[/COLOR] is chemically a Silicate or Silicon dioxide. 47. [COLOR="purple"]Chicken egg[/COLOR] is composed of [COLOR="purple"]One Cell.[/COLOR] 48. [COLOR="purple"]Visible light energy[/COLOR] has the wave length range of [COLOR="purple"]400-700 nm.[/COLOR] 49. The particle with positive charge but having mass equal to that of electron is called [COLOR="purple"]Positron.[/COLOR] 50. Gas in children’s play-balloons going upward is [COLOR="purple"]hydrogen[/COLOR]. 51. Standard pressure is [COLOR="purple"]760 mm-Hg.[/COLOR] 52. Iron corrodes due to the formation of[COLOR="purple"] Iron Oxide.[/COLOR] 53. [COLOR="purple"]Starch[/COLOR] is a polymer of Glucose. 54. Adrenalin is secreted by the [COLOR="purple"]Adrenal Gland.[/COLOR] 55. [COLOR="purple"]Mars[/COLOR] planet is nearest to the earth. 56. The process of conversion of a material from solid state directly to gaseous state is called[COLOR="purple"] Sublimation.[/COLOR] 57. Bacteria are [COLOR="purple"]parasite[/COLOR]. 58. [COLOR="purple"]Ruby[/COLOR] is an oxide of Aluminium. 59. In the [COLOR="purple"]Australian continent [/COLOR]nights are larger than days in June. 60. [COLOR="purple"]Gypsum[/COLOR] is not hydrated calcium carbonate. 61. [COLOR="purple"]Uranus [/COLOR]is the coldest planet. 62. [COLOR="purple"]Chromite[/COLOR] ore contains chromium oxide. 63. [COLOR="purple"]Mica[/COLOR] is a non-conductor of electricity. 64. [COLOR="purple"]Sun [/COLOR]is not the biggest star in the universe. 65. The capacity to do work is called [COLOR="purple"]energy.[/COLOR] 66. The energy possessed by body due to its position is called [COLOR="purple"]potential energy.[/COLOR] 67. [COLOR="purple"]Kitab-al-Manazar[/COLOR] is publication by a famous Muslim Scientist about [COLOR="purple"]Optics.[/COLOR] 68. [COLOR="Purple"]Nucleus[/COLOR] usually lies in the centre of animal cells. 69. [COLOR="purple"]Calcium and phosphorous[/COLOR] are the essential elements of bones. 70. [COLOR="purple"]Proteins[/COLOR] are formed by combination of amino acids. 71. Rain water dissolves Sulphur dioxide to form [COLOR="purple"]Sulphuric Acid.[/COLOR] 72. The set of instruction given to a computer is called [COLOR="purple"]command.[/COLOR] 73. Chemicals such as[COLOR="purple"] penicillin[/COLOR] which act on bacteria are called [COLOR="purple"]antibiotics.[/COLOR] 74. [COLOR="purple"]Comet shoemaker-levy 9 [/COLOR]hit the planet Jupiter in July this year. 75. A branch of medicine studying blood and its disorders is called [COLOR="purple"]Haematology.[/COLOR] 76. [COLOR="purple"]Cytology[/COLOR] is the branch of biology which deals with the study of structure and function of cells. 77. A biological study of external form and structure of living organisms or their parts is [COLOR="purple"]Morphology. [/COLOR] 78. Am academic and applied discipline which involves the scientific study of human or animal mental functions and behaviours is called [COLOR="purple"]Psychology.[/COLOR] 79. A study of the chemical composition of the earth’s crust is called [COLOR="purple"]Geology.[/COLOR] 80. In a heat engine heat energy is changed into [COLOR="purple"]Mechanical Energy.[/COLOR] 81. Frequency of audible sound is [COLOR="purple"]20-20,000 Hz.[/COLOR] 82. Deficiency of vitamin B causes [COLOR="purple"]Beriberi.[/COLOR] 83. Cheapest source of producing electricity is [COLOR="purple"]Water.[/COLOR] 84. The smallest unit of measurement of wave-length is [COLOR="purple"]Angstrom.[/COLOR] 85. The chemical generally used in refrigerator is [COLOR="purple"][COLOR="purple"]Freon.[/COLOR][/COLOR] 86. The unit [COLOR="purple"]“TON” [/COLOR]to specify air conditioners is equivalent to [COLOR="purple"]12,000 BTU/hour.[/COLOR] 87. Unit of electricity [COLOR="purple"]“Kilowatt Hour”[/COLOR] is the unit of [COLOR="purple"]Power.[/COLOR] 88. Period of famous Muslim scientists is [COLOR="purple"]7th to 13th century A.D.[/COLOR] 89. [COLOR="purple"]Heat radiation[/COLOR] travels at a speed equal to Speed of light. 90. [COLOR="purple"]Cryptograms [/COLOR]are non-flowering plants. 91. Reserve food material is usually stored as [COLOR="purple"]Starch [/COLOR]in plants and [COLOR="purple"]Glycogen[/COLOR] in animals. 92. [COLOR="purple"]Streptococcus[/COLOR] is a gram positive bacterium. 93. Spinach is a good source of [COLOR="purple"]vitamin K.[/COLOR] 94. [COLOR="purple"]Insulin[/COLOR] is a hormone secreted by the pancreas. 95. [COLOR="purple"]Femur [/COLOR]is a bone of the leg. 96. The moon has [COLOR="purple"]no atmosphere.[/COLOR] 97. Excessive burning of the fossil fuels causes [COLOR="purple"]acid rains.[/COLOR] 98. Twenty first of June is the longest day of the year in the [COLOR="purple"]northern hemisphere.[/COLOR] 99. Electricity is a[COLOR="purple"] secondary source of energy.[/COLOR] 100. The outer most layer of the earth is called [COLOR="purple"]Crust.[/COLOR] [/B] |
[B]101. Newton is the unit of [B][COLOR="purple"]Force.[/COLOR][/B]
102. Radium was discovered by [COLOR="purple"]Madam Marie Curie.[/COLOR] 103. The memory of the computer is expressed in [COLOR="purple"]bytes[/COLOR] 104. AIDS is caused by [COLOR="purple"]Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).[/COLOR] 105. Chemical name of gypsum is [COLOR="purple"]Calcium Sulphate.[/COLOR] 106. Molten super-hot material present inside a volcano is called [COLOR="purple"]Magma/Lava.[/COLOR] 107. Richter scale measures the severity of [COLOR="purple"]Earthquake.[/COLOR] 108. pH of blood is [COLOR="purple"]7.3-7.4.[/COLOR] 109. one of the countries through which equator passes is [COLOR="purple"]Kenya.[/COLOR] 110. Purest form of iron is [COLOR="purple"]Wrought Iron.[/COLOR] 111. Hypo is a solution of [COLOR="purple"]sodium thiosulphate.[/COLOR] 112. Cod liver oil contains [COLOR="purple"]Vitamin D.[/COLOR] 113. Aorta is a n organ of the [COLOR="purple"]Circulatory System.[/COLOR] 114. Planet Mars has [COLOR="purple"]two moons.[/COLOR] 115. Bauxite is an ore of [COLOR="purple"]Aluminium.[/COLOR] 116. Circular aperture which appears as a dark spot in the eyes is called [COLOR="purple"]pupil. [/COLOR] 117. The speed of light is nearly [COLOR="purple"]300, 0000 km/sec.[/COLOR] 118. Ideally water can be used as a car fuel after [COLOR="purple"]electrolysis.[/COLOR] 119. Our eye is very sensitive to[COLOR="purple"] blue light.[/COLOR] 120. Al Beruni died in [COLOR="purple"]1048 A.D.[/COLOR] 121. Abu ail Sina born in [COLOR="purple"]Iraq.[/COLOR] 122. Blue colour has [COLOR="purple"]shortest wavelength.[/COLOR] 123. Light travels fattest in [COLOR="purple"]Vacuum.[/COLOR] 124. The universe is[COLOR="purple"] Expanding.[/COLOR] 125. The disease, Haemophilia is caused by the deficiency of [COLOR="purple"]Vitamin K.[/COLOR] 126. Protein is a [COLOR="purple"]nautral polymer.[/COLOR] 127. Astronomers cannot be nominated for the [COLOR="purple"]Noble Prize.[/COLOR] 128. A sheet of muscles called [COLOR="purple"]Diaphragm[/COLOR] separates the chest from the abdomen. 129. In human body, blood clotting factor is produced by the [COLOR="purple"]platelets.[/COLOR] Human blood is able to carry large amounts of oxygen because of the [COLOR="purple"]Haemoglobin.[/COLOR] 130. The living part of a plant cell is composed of a [COLOR="purple"]nucleus and cytoplasm.[/COLOR] 131. The pattern for building protein molecule is stored in the [COLOR="purple"]messenger RNA.[/COLOR] 132. [COLOR="purple"]Anvil and stirrup[/COLOR] are names of bones present in the ear. 133. The front of the eye is covered with a tough transparent material called [COLOR="purple"]Cornea.[/COLOR] 134. The young plant inside a grain of wheat is called the [COLOR="purple"]Embryo.[/COLOR] 135. Inborn behaviour that involves only one part of the body is called [COLOR="purple"]Reflex Action.[/COLOR] 136. The smallest branches of an artery lead into tiny blood vessels called [COLOR="purple"]capillaries.[/COLOR] 137. [COLOR="purple"]Eustachian tube [/COLOR]belongs to ear. 138. [COLOR="purple"]Cartilage[/COLOR] is a connective tissue. 139. [COLOR="purple"]Auricle[/COLOR] is present in heart. 140. [COLOR="purple"]Tendon[/COLOR] is a muscle. 141. [COLOR="purple"]Dendrites [/COLOR]are the part of Neuron. 142. In an animal cell protein is synthesized in the [COLOR="purple"]Ribosome.[/COLOR] 143. Chemically finger nails are made up of [COLOR="purple"]protein.[/COLOR] 144. Muscle stiffness is symptom caused by the disease [COLOR="purple"]Tetanus[/COLOR]. 145. [COLOR="purple"]Riboflavin (vitamin B2)[/COLOR] is not affected by cooking. 146. [COLOR="purple"]Thiamine[/COLOR] is vitamin B1. 147. [COLOR="purple"]Ascorbic acid[/COLOR] is vitamin C. 148. Rickets is caused by the deficiency of [COLOR="purple"]vitamin D.[/COLOR] 149. The number of chromosomes in the [COLOR="purple"]spermatozoon is 23.[/COLOR] 150. The fat in our food is digested by the[COLOR="purple"] Enzyme Lipase.[/COLOR] 151. The most abundant element in the human body is [COLOR="purple"]Oxygen.[/COLOR] 152. [COLOR="purple"]Sound[/COLOR] is a form of energy. 153. A fraction of sunlight is refracted as it enters the [COLOR="purple"]earth’s atmosphere.[/COLOR] 154. Rainbows are produced by the[COLOR="purple"] reflection of light [/COLOR]through rain drops. 155. [COLOR="purple"]Light switches[/COLOR] in our homes are connected in parallel series. 156. Generators convert mechanical energy into [COLOR="purple"]electricity.[/COLOR] 157. [COLOR="purple"]Modern incandescent bulbs [/COLOR]do not contain filaments made of copper. 158. Trout is not a sea fish. 159. [COLOR="purple"]Epiphytes[/COLOR] are a plant that grows upon another plant. 160. Hepatitis is the i[COLOR="purple"]nflammation of liver.[/COLOR] 161. [COLOR="purple"]Meningitis [/COLOR]is inflammation of membrane surrounding the brain. 162. [COLOR="purple"]Equinox[/COLOR] is the time when the sun appears vertically overhead at noon at the equator. 163. [COLOR="purple"]Joseph Aspdin[/COLOR] is the inventor of cement. 164. [COLOR="Purple"]Neurology[/COLOR] is the science of Nervous system. 165. [COLOR="purple"]Biometry[/COLOR] is the application of statistics in the study of Biology. 166. [COLOR="purple"]Aviculture i[/COLOR]s the rearing and breeding of birds. 167. Malaria is caused by [COLOR="purple"]Plasmodium.[/COLOR] 168. Goitre is caused due to deficiency of Iodine in diet. 169. Typhoid is caused by[COLOR="purple"] Salmonella Typhosa.[/COLOR] 170. [COLOR="purple"]Black hole[/COLOR] is a hypothetical region of space having a gravitational pull so great that no mater or radiation can escape from it. 171. [COLOR="purple"]Fungicide [/COLOR]is used against moulds and fungi. 172. The science which deals with heredity is known as [COLOR="purple"]Genetics.[/COLOR] 173. Insulin is used for the treatment of [COLOR="purple"]Diabetes.[/COLOR] 174. [COLOR="purple"]Yuri Gagarin [/COLOR]is the first space man. 175. The distance between the earth and the sun is called [COLOR="purple"]Astronomical unit.[/COLOR] 176. The study of chemical processes in living organisms is called [COLOR="purple"]Biochemistry.[/COLOR] 177. The first computer virus invented by two Pakistani brothers is called the [COLOR="purple"]brain virus.[/COLOR] 178. Severe deficiency of vitamin C results in [COLOR="purple"]Scurvy.[/COLOR] 179. Plant cells manufacture their food due to the presence of [COLOR="purple"]chlorophyll.[/COLOR] 180. [COLOR="purple"]Mitosis[/COLOR] is a type of cell division where in the number of chromosomes in the daughter cell are the same. 181. [COLOR="purple"]Blood cells [/COLOR]are of three types. 182. The [COLOR="purple"]ultraviolet rays[/COLOR] cause sunburn. 183. [COLOR="purple"]Xylem and Phloem[/COLOR] are conducting tissues. 184. [COLOR="purple"]Carbohydrates [/COLOR]are cheapest and most ready source of energy. 185. [COLOR="purple"]Enzymes[/COLOR] are responsible for chemical digestion of food. 186. [COLOR="purple"]Plasma[/COLOR] is the fluid part of the blood in which the cells are suspended. 187. [COLOR="purple"]Haemoglobin[/COLOR] combines with oxygen and transport to different cells of the body. 188. [COLOR="purple"]Neutron[/COLOR] is the negative charged particle in an atom. 189. [COLOR="purple"]Hydrogen [/COLOR]is the lightest gas. 190. [COLOR="purple"]Mercury [/COLOR]is the smallest planet of the solar system. 191. Image of the object is formed on the [COLOR="purple"]retina of the eye.[/COLOR] 192. [COLOR="purple"]Barometer[/COLOR] is used for measuring the pressure. 193. Monomer of proteins is [COLOR="purple"]Amino Acids. [/COLOR] 194. Water transport in plants occurs within [COLOR="purple"]Xylem.[/COLOR] 195. Underground horizontal stems are allied [COLOR="purple"]Rhizomes.[/COLOR] 196. In the eye only [COLOR="purple"]Retina[/COLOR] contains receptors for light energy. 197. [COLOR="purple"]Plant Hormones [/COLOR]control plant response to environment stimuli. 198. [COLOR="purple"]Mitochondria [/COLOR]are often called the powerhouse of the cell. 199. The rate at which a current changes direction is called its [COLOR="purple"]Line Frequency/Main frequency.[/COLOR] 200. [COLOR="purple"]Diamond[/COLOR] is an allotropic form of the element [COLOR="purple"]Carbon[/COLOR].[/B] |
[QUOTE=Roshan wadhwani;364101]
117. The speed of light is nearly [COLOR="purple"]300, 0000 km/sec.[/COLOR] 188. [COLOR="purple"]Neutron[/COLOR] is the negative charged particle in an atom. [/QUOTE] 117. [COLOR="Magenta"][B]300 000 Km/s[/B][/COLOR] 188. [COLOR="Magenta"][B]Electron[/B][/COLOR] |
[QUOTE=ghulammujtaba86;364463]117. [COLOR="Magenta"][B]300 000 Km/s[/B][/COLOR]
188. [COLOR="Magenta"][B]Electron[/B][/COLOR][/QUOTE] Thnx dear for ur corrections...regards |
[B]201. Speed of the wind is measured by [COLOR="Purple"]Anemometer.[/COLOR]
202. [COLOR="purple"]Ligament [/COLOR]connects the muscle with the bone. 203. [COLOR="purple"]Polio[/COLOR] is caused by virus. 204. [COLOR="purple"]Neptune [/COLOR]is the [COLOR="purple"]coldest planet[/COLOR] of the solar system. 205. Eggshell is composed of [COLOR="purple"]calcium carbonate[/COLOR]. 206. The most abundant element in the earth’s crust is [COLOR="purple"]oxygen.[/COLOR] 207. The main constituent of [COLOR="purple"]Biogas is Methane.[/COLOR] 208. [COLOR="purple"]Stalagmites [/COLOR]are deposits of [COLOR="purple"]Calcium Carbonate.[/COLOR] 209. [COLOR="purple"]Gigantism[/COLOR] is the result of [COLOR="purple"]Hyper Pituitarism.[/COLOR] 210. The purpose of computer is [COLOR="purple"]Manipulation of data.[/COLOR] 211. The chemical name of washing soda is [COLOR="purple"]Sodium Bicarbonate.[/COLOR] 212. The main constituent of [COLOR="purple"]Sui gas is Methane.[/COLOR] 213. [COLOR="purple"]Blue colour[/COLOR] has the shortest wave length. 214. Glass is called [COLOR="purple"]Silica.[/COLOR] 215. [COLOR="purple"]Ascorbic Acid[/COLOR] is Vitamin C. 216. The solar system has [COLOR="purple"]8 planets.[/COLOR] 217. The second most abundant element in the earth’s crust is [COLOR="purple"]silicon.[/COLOR] 218. The fastest revolving planet is [COLOR="purple"]Mercury.[/COLOR] 219. [COLOR="purple"]Geysers [/COLOR]are hot springs that erupt hot waters and steam from time to time. 220. The first simple microscope was invented by [COLOR="purple"]Hans Janssen and Zachariah Janssen.[/COLOR] 221. Hot liquid rock beneath the earth’s surface is called [COLOR="purple"]Lava/Magma.[/COLOR] 222. [COLOR="purple"]Mitochondria [/COLOR]are the power house of the cell. 223. Ability of the air to absorb long heat waves from the earth after allowing the short waves from sun to pass through it is known as [COLOR="purple"]Green House Effect.[/COLOR] 224. Computer works on the principle introduced by the Muslim scientist [COLOR="purple"]Musa al-Khwarizmi.[/COLOR] 225. Coldest planet of the solar system is Neptune. 226. The rupture of red blood cells is called [COLOR="purple"]Eryptosis.[/COLOR] 227. Muslim Scientist Ail bin Tabari is famous for his work on [COLOR="purple"]Firdous al-Hikmah.[/COLOR] 228. [COLOR="purple"]Haploid cells [/COLOR]result from the process of meiosis. 229. All stars are not of the [COLOR="purple"]same colour.[/COLOR] 230. The [COLOR="purple"]left lung [/COLOR]has two lobes while [COLOR="purple"]the right lung[/COLOR] has three lobes. 231. The[COLOR="purple"] pulmonary veins[/COLOR] return oxygenated blood to the right atrium. 232. Our galaxy milky way is shaped like a large [COLOR="purple"]thick concave lens [/COLOR]with a large [COLOR="purple"]central bulge[/COLOR] 233. [COLOR="purple"]DNA [/COLOR]has a double helix structure while the [COLOR="purple"]RNA[/COLOR] does not have a double helix structure. 234. The normal temperature of Human Blood is 37[COLOR="purple"][/COLOR]C (98.60 F) 235. The liver is a part of [COLOR="purple"]gastrointestinal tract.[/COLOR] 236. The major fossil fuel impurity is [COLOR="purple"]Sulphur.[/COLOR] 237. [COLOR="purple"]Sphalerite [/COLOR]is an ore of Zinc. 238. The most abundant element present in the sun is [COLOR="purple"]Hydrogen.[/COLOR] 239. The metal atom present in chlorophyll is [COLOR="purple"]Magnesium.[/COLOR] 240. The gland responsible for the secretion of the hormone estrogen is [COLOR="purple"]Ovary.[/COLOR] 241. An element used in the doping of silicon for the preparation of a p-type semiconductor is Boron. 242. A synthetic fibre which is a polyamide is [COLOR="purple"]Nylon.[/COLOR] 243. [COLOR="purple"]Glycogen[/COLOR] is a carbohydrate. 244. The cell structure that controls movements of material into and out of the cell is [COLOR="purple"]Cell Membrane.[/COLOR] 245. The unit that co-ordinates different devices of the computer system are [COLOR="purple"]Control Unit.[/COLOR] 246. Mastication is an example of [COLOR="purple"]Mechanical Digestion.[/COLOR] 247. Botanically a fruit is a [COLOR="purple"]Ripened Ovary.[/COLOR] 248. The vocal folds are part of the [COLOR="purple"]Larynx.[/COLOR] 249. The famous book Al-Qanoon was written by the Muslim scientist Abu Ail Sina. 250. The instrument used for the measurement of blood pressure is [COLOR="purple"]Sphygmomanometer.[/COLOR] 251. A mammal, which can fly is Bat. 252. A disease which is more common in men than in women and is hereditary in character is [COLOR="purple"]Colour Blindness.[/COLOR] 253. [COLOR="purple"]Snow Leopard[/COLOR] is an endangered animal species of Pakistan. 254. [COLOR="purple"]Cinnabar [/COLOR]is an ore of Mercury. 255. [COLOR="purple"]Anabaena azolla[/COLOR] is cyanobacterium. 256. The nuclear reaction taking place on the surface of sun is [COLOR="purple"]Nuclear Fusion reaction.[/COLOR] 257. Jabir bin Hayan prepared [COLOR="purple"]Sulphuric Acid.[/COLOR] 258. The constituent elements of [COLOR="purple"]Brass[/COLOR] are Copper and Zinc. 259. The conversion of non-diffusible substances into diffusible ones by the action of enzymes is called [COLOR="purple"]digestion.[/COLOR] 260. [COLOR="purple"]Diamond[/COLOR] is the purest naturally occurring crystalline form of Carbon. 261. [COLOR="purple"]Caustic soda[/COLOR] is extensively used for making Soap. 262. When a person can see nearer objects but not the distant ones he is said to be suffering from [COLOR="purple"]Myopia/Near-sightedness/Short sightedness.[/COLOR] 263. [COLOR="purple"]Marble[/COLOR] is a metamorphic rock. 264. Curie is a unit of [COLOR="purple"]Radioactivity[/COLOR] 265. The brown colour of rust is because of [COLOR="purple"]Oxidation of iron/formation of iron oxide.[/COLOR] 266. The movement of food through oesophagus is by the muscular action is known as [COLOR="purple"]Peristalsis.[/COLOR] 267. [COLOR="purple"]Granite[/COLOR] is a form of igneous rock. 268. [COLOR="purple"]Cellulose[/COLOR] is the min chemical substance in the plant cell wall. 269. Cell Nucleus was first discovered by [COLOR="purple"]Robert Brown.[/COLOR] 270. [COLOR="purple"]Enzymes[/COLOR] are organic catalysts made up of proteins. 271. Animals obtain carbohydrate mainly from [COLOR="purple"]Starch.[/COLOR] 272. The minimum speed of a [COLOR="purple"]Pentium II[/COLOR] computer is [COLOR="purple"]233 MHz[/COLOR] 273. According to recent classifications the living organisms are divided into [COLOR="purple"]5 kingdoms.[/COLOR] 274. [COLOR="purple"]Glycolysis[/COLOR] is a process of Respiration. 275. The unit that coordinates different devices of [COLOR="purple"]Computer system is control Unit.[/COLOR] 276. Seed is technically [COLOR="purple"]Ripened Ovule.[/COLOR] 277. [COLOR="purple"]ADH [/COLOR]is a hormone secreted by Posterior pituitary gland. 278. Permian Period belongs to [COLOR="purple"]Palaeozoic era.[/COLOR] 279. [COLOR="purple"]Right kidney[/COLOR] in man is slightly lower in position than the left kidney. 280. Light is [COLOR="purple"]visible.[/COLOR] 281. [COLOR="purple"]Steel [/COLOR]is more [COLOR="purple"]elastic [/COLOR]than rubber. 282. [COLOR="purple"]Pitch of man’s voice [/COLOR]is lesser than that of woman. 283. [COLOR="purple"]Diastolic blood pressure[/COLOR] is lesser than systolic blood pressure. 284. [COLOR="purple"]Guava[/COLOR] contains more vitamin C than orange. 285. [COLOR="purple"]A light year [/COLOR]is a unit of distance. 286. [COLOR="purple"]Mercury[/COLOR] is heavier than lead. 287. [COLOR="purple"]Kangaroo Rat[/COLOR] is a desert mammal which does not drink water. 288. [COLOR="purple"]Aqua Regia[/COLOR] is a mixture which can dissolve platinum. 289. The constituent elements of [COLOR="purple"]Bronze are tin and copper.[/COLOR] 290. The deficiency of [COLOR="purple"]Thiamine (B1) causes Beriberi.[/COLOR] 291. A nuclear reaction in which two or more than two lighter nucleus are fused together to form a relatively heavier one is called [COLOR="purple"]Nuclear Fusion.[/COLOR] 292. [COLOR="purple"]Diamond[/COLOR] is the purest naturally occurring crystalline form of carbon. 293. The hormone secreted by adrenal cortex is [COLOR="purple"]Corticosteroids (Cortisol & aldosterone)[/COLOR] 294. The three colours combination which produces the sensation of white light is[COLOR="purple"] Red, Green and Blue.[/COLOR] 295. A six feet tall lady can see her full image in a [COLOR="purple"]three feet plane Mirror.[/COLOR] 296. [COLOR="purple"]Vanadium,[/COLOR] a steel gray corrosion resistant metal occur naturally in oxide state. 297. [COLOR="purple"]Fibre optics cable[/COLOR] carries data in the form of light. 298. [COLOR="purple"]Blue flame[/COLOR] is hotter than red flame. 299. [COLOR="purple"]The falling of yellow leaves[/COLOR] during autumn is the seasonal time for plants to get rid of accumulated wastes. 300. [COLOR="purple"]Friction[/COLOR] is necessary evil. [/B] |
[B]301. Cancer can be treated by [COLOR="Purple"]Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy.[/COLOR]
302. The [COLOR="purple"]velocity of a moving object[/COLOR] is least where the pressure is greater. 303. The largest planet of solar system is [COLOR="purple"]Jupiter.[/COLOR] 304. The temperature of the dead human body on Celsius scale is 25C [COLOR="purple"](Normally room Temperature)[/COLOR] 305. The number of the spinal nerves in the man is [COLOR="purple"]31 pairs.[/COLOR] 306. A [COLOR="purple"]primary cell [/COLOR]cannot be charged again. 307. [COLOR="purple"]Halos[/COLOR] around the moon are formed because of the phenomenon of dispersion. 308. [COLOR="purple"]Muscle stiffness[/COLOR] is called by a disease called [COLOR="purple"]Tetanus.[/COLOR] 309. Oil rises in a wick of oil lamp on account of a property of matter called [COLOR="purple"]Capillary action.[/COLOR] 310. Muslim scientist Ail al Tabari is famous for his work on [COLOR="purple"]Firdous al-Hikmah.[/COLOR] 311. The three elements needed for healthy growth of plants are [COLOR="purple"]N (nitrogen), P (phosphorus) and K (potassium).[/COLOR] 312. [COLOR="purple"]Ammonium nitrate[/COLOR] is not used for rice crop. 313. Sea divers use a mixture of gases for breathing during diving. The mixture is [COLOR="purple"]80% He & 20% O2.[/COLOR] 314. [COLOR="purple"]Ascorbic acid [/COLOR]is a water soluble vitamin. 315. [COLOR="purple"]Lipase[/COLOR] enzyme brings about [COLOR="purple"]hydrolysis of fats.[/COLOR] 316. The solution if [COLOR="purple"]benzoic acid[/COLOR] is used for seasoning of food. 317. [COLOR="purple"]Influenza[/COLOR] is caused by virus. 318. The energy possesses by water in a dam is [COLOR="purple"]potential energy.[/COLOR] 319. The organ in the human body which is responsible for the [COLOR="purple"]digestion of protein only is stomach.[/COLOR] 320. [COLOR="purple"]Nicolas Leonard Sadi Carnot [/COLOR]designed the first internal combustion engine used to burn low grade fuel. 321. [COLOR="purple"]William Gilbert[/COLOR] was the scientist who asserted the earth to be a huge magnet. 322. The metal known as [COLOR="purple"]quick silver[/COLOR] is called Mercury. 323. [COLOR="purple"]Electrochemical cell [/COLOR]converts the chemical energy into electrical energy. 324. [COLOR="purple"]Yuri Gagarin [/COLOR]was the first person to orbit the earth. 325. Water was discovered by [COLOR="purple"]Henry Cavendish.[/COLOR] 326. To say in the sunlight while circling the globe at the equator, one has to move with a speed of [COLOR="purple"]1670 km/hour.[/COLOR] 327. [COLOR="purple"]Infrared waves [/COLOR]have more wavelengths than the red colour. 328. [COLOR="purple"]Liver produces bile [/COLOR]which is involved in the breakdown of fats. 329. A [COLOR="purple"]secondary cell[/COLOR] can be charged again. 330. The study of human population is called [COLOR="purple"]Demography.[/COLOR] 331. Human being belongs to species called [COLOR="purple"]Sapiens.[/COLOR] 332. Defect of eye due to which nearly located objects are not clearly visible is called [COLOR="purple"]Hyperopia/Hypermetropia.[/COLOR] 333. About [COLOR="purple"]60-70% [/COLOR]of the human body consists of water. 334. All of the oxygen that we breathe has been produces by the splitting of water during [COLOR="purple"]Photosynthesis.[/COLOR] 335. The important ore of Chromium is [COLOR="purple"]Chromite.[/COLOR] 336. The measurement of rainfall is made by an instrument known as [COLOR="purple"]Rain gauge.[/COLOR] 337. [COLOR="purple"]Oxidation[/COLOR] means loss of electron. 338. [COLOR="purple"]Poplar [/COLOR]is woody raw material which is used for the manufacture of paper pulp. 339. [COLOR="purple"]Rectified spirit[/COLOR] contains alcohol about 95%. 340. The Famous book; Al-Qanoon was written by the Muslim scientist [COLOR="purple"]Abu Ail Sina[/COLOR] 341. Basic metals can be converted into gold by [COLOR="purple"]artificial nuclear radioactivity.[/COLOR] 342. One of the main functions of the earth’s ozone layer is to filter out [COLOR="purple"]ultraviolet rays.[/COLOR] 343. The alloy consisting of metals copper, zinc and nickel is called [COLOR="purple"]Paktong/Alpaca/Nickel Silver/German Silver[/COLOR] 344. The instrument specially designed for recording earthquake waves is called [COLOR="purple"]Seismograph.[/COLOR] 345. The electrical device which converts sound energy into electrical energy is [COLOR="purple"]Microphone.[/COLOR] 346. The ore of mercury metal is [COLOR="purple"]Cinnabar.[/COLOR] 347. The variation of blood flow can be heard thorough [COLOR="purple"]Sphygmomanometer.[/COLOR] 348. [COLOR="purple"]Alexander Fleming[/COLOR] discovered penicillin. 349. [COLOR="purple"]Neil Armstrong[/COLOR] was the first astronaut who first landed on the surface of the moon. 350. [COLOR="purple"]Kangaroo rat[/COLOR] is the desert mammal which does not drink water. 351. Heat transfers from the sun to the earth through [COLOR="purple"]Radiation.[/COLOR] 352. [COLOR="purple"]Pitch of the cat[/COLOR] sound is greater than the dog sound. 353. [COLOR="purple"]Ultraviolet light[/COLOR] is not visible. 354. A guava contains more [COLOR="purple"]vitamin C[/COLOR] than an orange. 355. [COLOR="purple"]Sound travels[/COLOR] faster in iron than air. 356. [COLOR="purple"]Wheat Bridge[/COLOR] is the name of an electrical circuit. 357. [COLOR="purple"]Morphine [/COLOR]can cause constipation and lowering of blood pressure. 358. A convex lens is used for the correction of the [COLOR="purple"]Hyper-phobia.[/COLOR] 359. The [COLOR="purple"]nucleic acids[/COLOR] are responsible for proteins synthesis in the human body. 360. [COLOR="purple"]Entomology[/COLOR] is the branch of zoology which deals with the study of insects. 361. Beri Beri is the disease which is caused by the deficiency of [COLOR="purple"]vitamin B1.[/COLOR] 362. Oil rises in a wick of oil lamp because of a property of matter, called [COLOR="purple"]Capillary action.[/COLOR] 363. The production of genetically identical offspring is called as [COLOR="purple"]Cloning.[/COLOR] 364. [COLOR="purple"]Mercury [/COLOR]is the fastest planet of the solar system. 365. Mercury metal is [COLOR="purple"]13.5 times heavier[/COLOR] than water. 366. Relative density of milk is measured by an instrument known as [COLOR="purple"]Lactometer.[/COLOR] 367. The temperature of a human body is measured by an instrument known as [COLOR="purple"]Mercury thermometer.[/COLOR] 368. Gold and silver are known as [COLOR="purple"]coinage metals.[/COLOR] 369. The amount of ozone in the atmosphere is expressed in [COLOR="purple"]ppm (parts per million).[/COLOR] 370. One of the country through which equator passes is [COLOR="purple"]Kenya[/COLOR] 371. [COLOR="purple"]Max Planck [/COLOR]received the Noble prize in Physics in 1918 for his discovery of energy quanta. 372. [COLOR="purple"]Bronze [/COLOR]is made up of copper and tin. 373. [COLOR="purple"]Addison’s disease [/COLOR]is caused by the excessive secretion of [COLOR="purple"]Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone.[/COLOR] 374. [COLOR="purple"]Margalla Hill[/COLOR] is a branch of [COLOR="purple"]Himalaya Range.[/COLOR] 375. Humming bird belongs to a category called [COLOR="purple"]Endotherm[/COLOR] 376. Insulin is secreted by Pancreas, thyroxin by Thyroid gland, Adrenalin by Adrenal gland, Oestrogen by Ovary, cortisol by Adrenal gland, Testosterone by Testes of male and ovaries of female. 377. Japan is called [COLOR="purple"]Land of rising sun.[/COLOR] 378. [COLOR="purple"]Rodenticides[/COLOR] are used to kill rats. 379. Venus planet of our solar system is called as [COLOR="purple"]Morning Star.[/COLOR] 380. The diameter of the earth is [COLOR="purple"]12742 km.[/COLOR] 381. Insects are [COLOR="purple"]invertebrates.[/COLOR] 382. Opium is found in [COLOR="purple"]poppy.[/COLOR] 383. Opium is used to make [COLOR="purple"]Heroine.[/COLOR] 384. Kitab-al-Manadhir was written by [COLOR="purple"]Ibn-al-Haisham.[/COLOR] 385. Speed of light is [COLOR="purple"]300000 km/sec[/COLOR] 386. Generators convert [COLOR="purple"]mechanical energy into electric energy.[/COLOR] 387. [COLOR="purple"]Dry ice[/COLOR] is CO2. 388. [COLOR="purple"]Telephone[/COLOR] was invented by [COLOR="purple"]Dr. Graham Bell.[/COLOR] 389. [COLOR="purple"]Ammeter[/COLOR] is the instrument which is used to measure electric current. 390. Ascorbic acid is [COLOR="purple"]vitamin C.[/COLOR] 391. Total number of bones in human face is [COLOR="purple"]14.[/COLOR] 392. The sky appears blue due to [COLOR="purple"]Tyndall Effect.[/COLOR] 393. A, D, E, K are [COLOR="purple"]fat soluble vitamins.[/COLOR] 394. The composition of the mixture used for welding is [COLOR="purple"]Copper Oxide and Aluminium.[/COLOR] 395. Abu ail Sina, Al Beruni, Ibn Al Haisham belonged to which[COLOR="purple"] 10th century.[/COLOR] 396. [COLOR="purple"]Bakelite[/COLOR] is not a Thermoplastic. 397. [COLOR="purple"]Haematite (a mineral) [/COLOR]is the important source of iron. 398. [COLOR="purple"]Bauxite [/COLOR]is the mineral of Aluminium. 399. Bronze is an alloy of [COLOR="purple"]copper and tin.[/COLOR] 400.[COLOR="purple"] Skin [/COLOR]is the largest organ of the body. [/B] |
[QUOTE=Roshan wadhwani;371029]
221. Hot liquid rock beneath the earth’s surface is called [COLOR="purple"]Lava/Magma.[/COLOR][/QUOTE] When magma erupts and comes out then it is called Lava. |
[B]401. Vaccine for T.B is [COLOR="Purple"]Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG)[/COLOR]
402. [COLOR="purple"]Mitochondria[/COLOR] is called the power house of the cell. 403. Persons with[COLOR="purple"] AB+[/COLOR] blood group are considered to be [COLOR="purple"]universal recipient.[/COLOR] 404. Study of life in outer space is known as [COLOR="purple"]Exobiology.[/COLOR] 405. The name of the common mineral salt present in sweat is [COLOR="purple"]Sodium Chloride.[/COLOR] 406. Sensitive layer of the eye is [COLOR="purple"]Retina.[/COLOR] 407. [COLOR="purple"]Laughing gas [/COLOR]as the composition of Nitrogen and Oxygen. 408. Dr. Abdus Salam of Pakistan was one of the contributors of the [COLOR="purple"]unification of Electromagnetic force and weak nuclear force[/COLOR]. 409. [COLOR="purple"]CAT[/COLOR] triplet in DNA codes for [COLOR="purple"]valine.[/COLOR] 410. The chance of [COLOR="purple"]diabetic baby [/COLOR]born to parents both heterozygous normal is[COLOR="purple"] ¼.[/COLOR] 411. [COLOR="purple"]Inheritance of acquired characters [/COLOR]is not an art of [COLOR="purple"]Darwinism.[/COLOR] 412. Role of biotechnology in the production of food is based on [COLOR="purple"]Fermentation.[/COLOR] 413. Founder of modern astronomy was [COLOR="purple"]Nicolas Copernicus.[/COLOR] 414. The instrument which measures very high temperature is[COLOR="purple"] Pyrometer.[/COLOR] 415. The science which deals with study of manners and customs of people is [COLOR="purple"]Ethics[/COLOR]. 416. Dry ice is [COLOR="purple"]Solid Carbon Dioxide.[/COLOR] 417. Chemical name of vinegar is [COLOR="purple"]Dilute Acetic Acid.[/COLOR] 418. [COLOR="purple"]Deficiency of Pyridoxine [/COLOR]decreases haemoglobin production. 419. Orbital period of the planet Mercury around the sun is [COLOR="purple"]88 days.[/COLOR] 420. The most splendid and the most magnificent constellation on the sky is [COLOR="purple"]Orion.[/COLOR] 421. [COLOR="purple"]“Black holes” [/COLOR]refer to Collapsing objects of high density. 422. [COLOR="purple"]Eugenics[/COLOR] is the study of altering human beings by changing their genetic components. 423. The position of earth in its orbit when it is at its greatest distance from the sun causing northern summer is called [COLOR="purple"]Aphelion.[/COLOR] 424. [COLOR="purple"]Ionosphere[/COLOR] layer make the radio transmission possible. 425. Television signals are converted into light signals by [COLOR="purple"]Transistor.[/COLOR] 426. Most of Asteroids lie in asteroid belt between the orbit of[COLOR="purple"] Mars[/COLOR] and [COLOR="purple"]Jupiter.[/COLOR] 427. The number of [COLOR="purple"]spark plugs[/COLOR] needed in a diesel engine is [COLOR="purple"]0.[/COLOR] 428. The half-life of a radioactive element is 8 days. It takes [COLOR="purple"]8 days[/COLOR] to reduce it from 10mg to 5 mg. 429. The term “Blue Shift” is used to indicate [COLOR="Purple"]Doppler Effec[/COLOR]t in which an object appears bluer when it is moving towards the observer or observer is moving toward the object. 430. [COLOR="purple"]Kilowatt-hour [/COLOR]is a unit of Power. 431. Fuel used in a Fast Breeder Reactor is [COLOR="purple"]Uranium Plutonium Oxide.[/COLOR] 432. Monsoon is caused by [COLOR="purple"]Revolution of earth.[/COLOR] 433. Atmospheric layer ionosphere helps in [COLOR="purple"]radio communication.[/COLOR] 434. A moderator is used in nuclear reactor in order to [COLOR="purple"]slow down the speed of the neutrons.[/COLOR] 435. Sedimentary rocks are [COLOR="purple"]Porous.[/COLOR] 436. Gypsum is a[COLOR="purple"] non-metallic mineral.[/COLOR] 437. [COLOR="purple"]Ozone layer [/COLOR]prevents the ultraviolet radiation from entering the atmosphere. 438. The phenomenon of [COLOR="purple"]Aurora Borealis, [/COLOR]the display of red and green lights in northern hemisphere is due to radiations from Ionosphere. 439. [COLOR="purple"]Oasis [/COLOR]is associated with Desert. 440. [COLOR="purple"]Quartz crystal[/COLOR] in quartz watches work on the principle called Piezo-electric effect. 441. The fruits with seed, like banana, are called [COLOR="purple"]Parthenocarpic fruits.[/COLOR] 442. Animal which captures and readily kills living animals for tis food is called [COLOR="purple"]Predator.[/COLOR] 443. In a railway track, two rails are joined end in end with a gap in between them [COLOR="purple"]to avoid accidents due to expansion.[/COLOR] 444. Al-Qanoon is the famous book of Ibn-e-Sina in which human [COLOR="purple"]physiology and medicine are discussed.[/COLOR] 445. Copper can be converted into gold by [COLOR="purple"]Artificial Radioactivity.[/COLOR] 446. In winter an iron pipe feel colder than a wooden window. This is because wood is [COLOR="purple"]non-conductor.[/COLOR] 447. The echo (reflected sound) will be distinctly heard only at ordinary temperatures if the distance of the reflecting surfaces from the source of sound is at least [COLOR="purple"]56 ft.[/COLOR] 448. It is possible to recognize a person in the dark by simply hearing hiss unique voice. It is because of the [COLOR="purple"]Pitch.[/COLOR] 449. When a ray of sunlight enters a dark room, its straight path becomes visible because of dust particles hanging in the air. It is because light is [COLOR="purple"]Transparent[/COLOR]. 450. The principle used in radar is the same as that of sonar. In radar we use radio waves; whereas in sonar we use [COLOR="purple"]Ultrasonic.[/COLOR] 451. [COLOR="purple"]Parsec[/COLOR] is a unit of distance. 452. The German or nickel silver is composed of approximately [COLOR="purple"]60% copper, 20% nickel and 20% zinc.[/COLOR] 453. The temperature of the dead body is the [COLOR="purple"]temperature of the place where it is kept.[/COLOR] 454. [COLOR="purple"]Cusec[/COLOR] is the unit for measuring the flow of liquids/flow rate, equal to one cubic foot per second. 455. The deepest place on earth is [COLOR="purple"]Mariana trench.[/COLOR] 456. Twinkling of stars is caused by [COLOR="purple"]Refraction of light.[/COLOR] 457. Magnifying power of a simple microscope can be increased by [COLOR="purple"]decreasing focal length of the lens.[/COLOR] 458. A very important practical application of properties of matter is hoeing or “godi” practiced by the farmers. This property of matter is called [COLOR="purple"]Capillarity[/COLOR]. 459. It is observed that the total pressure exerted by air on the man of average size is around [COLOR="purple"]14.7 lb. wt. per square inch[/COLOR]. But the man feels quite comfortable. It is because of [COLOR="purple"]an equal and opposite pressure acts from inside. [/COLOR] 460. A nuclear reactor is a device used to carry out controlled nuclear reaction whereas GM counter is a device used [COLOR="purple"]to detect nuclear radiation.[/COLOR] 461. A body can escape the gravitational pull of the earth if it is thrown up with a velocity of [COLOR="purple"]7 miles per sec.[/COLOR] 462. Night vision is possible with the help of [COLOR="purple"]Infrared Rays.[/COLOR] 463. Myopia is a defect of human eye. It can be corrected by using a lens called[COLOR="purple"] concave lens. [/COLOR] 464. Walnuts can be broken in the hand by squeezing two together but not one. It is because of [COLOR="purple"]work done.[/COLOR] 465. The instrument which is specially designed for recording earth quake wave is called seismograph which measure earth quake waves on a [COLOR="purple"]Richter scale.[/COLOR] 466. Fossils found in the [COLOR="purple"]lowest geological strata[/COLOR] are generally most primitive. 467. [COLOR="purple"]Evolution[/COLOR] can be described as a continuing process. 468. [COLOR="purple"]Mutation[/COLOR] is the only source new alleles. 469. Polygenic characteristic are controlled by [COLOR="purple"]Multiple Genes.[/COLOR] 470. Digestion involves[COLOR="purple"] ingestion, digestion, absorption and elimination.[/COLOR] 471. In humans, most nutrient molecules are absorbed by the [COLOR="purple"]small intestine. [/COLOR] 472. The energy needed to fuel essential body processes is called [COLOR="purple"]Basal metabolism.[/COLOR] 473. Inhaled air passes through [COLOR="purple"]Bronchiole in the last.[/COLOR] 474. [COLOR="purple"]Hermaphroditism[/COLOR] is a form of sexual reproduction. 475. [COLOR="purple"]Cobalt [/COLOR]is a metal which is strongly attracted by a magnet. 476. [COLOR="purple"]Hepatitis A [/COLOR]is transmitted to different individuals by Faeces. 477. The unit that coordinates different devices of the computer system is [COLOR="purple"]Control unit.[/COLOR] 478. The approximate intensity level of the sound which can cause damage is [COLOR="purple"]100 decibel (dB).[/COLOR] 479. Fuse wire is made of [COLOR="purple"]63% tin and 37% lead.[/COLOR] 480. The unit of photosynthesis in green plants is called [COLOR="purple"]Quantosome.[/COLOR] 481. The property by virtue of which metals can be beaten into thin sheets is known as [COLOR="purple"]Malleability.[/COLOR] 482. The sky appears blue because the earth’s atmosphere [COLOR="purple"]Reflects blue light.[/COLOR] 483. [COLOR="purple"]Gamma rays [/COLOR]are Higher energy rays emitted by radioactive elements. 484. The radiation that is used in [COLOR="purple"]magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) i[/COLOR]s in the [COLOR="purple"]infra-red range.[/COLOR] 485. Lead is used in [COLOR="purple"]storage batteries.[/COLOR] 486. The gas produced during the fermentation of[COLOR="purple"] Biomass is Methane.[/COLOR] 487. Biogas is the common name of [COLOR="purple"]Natural Gas.[/COLOR] 488. Bacteria help in the process of[COLOR="purple"] fermentation of biomass.[/COLOR] 489. One thousand watt power is called as [COLOR="purple"]1 kilowatt.[/COLOR] 490. The meter installed in our homes measure electricity in [COLOR="purple"]KWh.[/COLOR] 491. Unis of electricity consumed by 2500 watt air-conditioner in one hour are [COLOR="purple"]2.5 units.[/COLOR] 492. Gas bills are charged in [COLOR="purple"]CGS and BTU.[/COLOR] 493. In BTU system, one BTU is equal to [COLOR="purple"]1055 joule.[/COLOR] 494. Air is present in the atmosphere of earth up to the height of [COLOR="purple"]200 kilometres.[/COLOR] 495. All forms of energy that we use are ultimately transformed into [COLOR="purple"]Heat energy.[/COLOR] 496. The gas which acts as a glass of greenhouse is [COLOR="purple"]Carbon dioxide.[/COLOR] 497. [COLOR="purple"]Google[/COLOR] is the largest search engine of internet. 498. Carbon dioxide is used in the preparation of [COLOR="purple"]soft drinks.[/COLOR] 499. World’s largest flower auction is held in [COLOR="purple"]Aalsmeer.[/COLOR] 500. All the plant life is based upon the compounds, which are made up of [COLOR="purple"]Oxygen, Carbon and Nitrogen.[/COLOR] [/B] |
[QUOTE=Roshan wadhwani;371029]
221. Hot liquid rock beneath the earth’s surface is called [COLOR="purple"]Lava/Magma.[/COLOR] [/QUOTE] Hot liquid rock beneath the earth’s surface is called Lava |
[B]501. Huge white ball in the sun almost consists of [COLOR="Purple"]Hydrogen.[/COLOR]
502. [COLOR="purple"]Charcoal[/COLOR] is made by heating wood. 503. In blood, the percentage of [COLOR="purple"]water is[/COLOR] [COLOR="purple"]90%[/COLOR]. 504. As the temperature of ice rises, t[COLOR="purple"]he ice melts and its density increases.[/COLOR] 505. Water is a universal solvent for [COLOR="purple"]Biochemical Reactions.[/COLOR] 506. The temperature of the water below the solid ice layer is [COLOR="purple"]4 degree centigrade.[/COLOR] 507. The volume percentage of nitrogen in air is [COLOR="purple"]78%.[/COLOR] 508. The composition of oxygen in air is kept constant by the process of [COLOR="purple"]Photosynthesis.[/COLOR] 509. Nitrogen occurs in plants and animals in the form of [COLOR="purple"]Protein.[/COLOR] 510. Air contains volume of carbon dioxide approximately [COLOR="purple"]0.03%.[/COLOR] 511. The gases which are used by divers as an artificial atmosphere are [COLOR="purple"]helium and oxygen.[/COLOR] 512. Noble gases are extremely u[COLOR="purple"]nreactive.[/COLOR] 513. The second most abundant metal found in the earth’s crust is [COLOR="purple"]Iron.[/COLOR] 514. The iron content in plant tissue is normally between [COLOR="purple"]50-250ppm.[/COLOR] 515. [COLOR="purple"]Chernobyl nuclear reactor[/COLOR] lies in Russia. 516. Chernobyl nuclear plant was destroyed in [COLOR="purple"]1986 due to Failure of cooling system.[/COLOR] 517. Radioactive source must be kept in [COLOR="purple"]Lead Container.[/COLOR] 518. In Brazil [COLOR="purple"]alcohol is used as fuel[/COLOR] for vehicles. 519. [COLOR="Purple"]Voltmeter[/COLOR] can be made by modification in [COLOR="purple"]Galvanometer.[/COLOR] 520. The device used for the measurement of current, voltage and resistance is[COLOR="purple"] AVO meter.[/COLOR] 521. In the name of multimeter “AVO”, [COLOR="purple"]V stands for Voltage.[/COLOR] 522. Silicon is a [COLOR="purple"]Semiconductor.[/COLOR] 523. Paper is an [COLOR="purple"]insulator.[/COLOR] 524. For sending sound waves at large distance, [COLOR="purple"]Radio Waves[/COLOR] are used. 525. The carrier waves used for the radio transmission have the frequency up to [COLOR="purple"]30 KHz.[/COLOR] 526. Video camera is used to convert Picture into [COLOR="purple"]electrical signals.[/COLOR] 527. In a colour television, the colours are [COLOR="purple"]green, red and blue.[/COLOR] 528. The waves used for sending signals to the satellite from ground station are [COLOR="purple"]Micro Waves.[/COLOR] 529. First telegraph signal was transmitted in [COLOR="purple"]1901.[/COLOR] 530. In a telephone receiver,[COLOR="purple"] Magnet [/COLOR]is placed under the diaphragm. 531. Nowadays, the international communication and transmission is being done through the waves known as [COLOR="purple"]Microwaves.[/COLOR] 532. Modern Bicycle was invented by [COLOR="purple"]Staley.[/COLOR] 533. Coulomb is the unit of [COLOR="purple"]Electric Charge.[/COLOR] 534. For certain reasons, some people develop cloudy areas in one or both lenses. This defect is called [COLOR="purple"]Cataract.[/COLOR] 535. In order to prevent the corrosion of iron pipes they are often coated with a layer of zinc. This process is termed as [COLOR="purple"]Galvanization.[/COLOR] 536. In a reactor, cadmium rods re used for [COLOR="purple"]Absorbing Neutrons.[/COLOR] 537. [COLOR="purple"]Detergents [/COLOR]dissolved in water help in cleaning clothes by reducing the surface tension of water. 538. The swing of a spinning cricket ball in the air can be explained on the basis of [COLOR="purple"]Bemoulli’s Theorem.[/COLOR] 539. The absorption of ink by blotting paper involves [COLOR="purple"]Capillary Action[/COLOR] phenomenon. 540. Materials for rain proof coats and tents owe their water proof properties to [COLOR="purple"]Surface Tension.[/COLOR] 541. For being able to see three-dimensional pictures we have to use An [COLOR="purple"]Epidiascope.[/COLOR] 542. Water has maximum density at [COLOR="purple"]4 degree centigrade.[/COLOR] 543. The highest recorded air temperature in the world in degree [COLOR="purple"]Celsius is 57.[/COLOR] 544. The instrument that measures wind speed is the [COLOR="purple"]anemometer.[/COLOR] 545. The theory of expanding Universe was first propounded by [COLOR="purple"]Hubble.[/COLOR] 546. Used tea leaves contain [COLOR="purple"]Quinine.[/COLOR] 547. A lake starts freezing because of the cold atmosphere. It will first [COLOR="purple"]freeze at the top surface.[/COLOR] 548. The Sun remains visible for some time after it actually sets below the horizon. This happens due to [COLOR="purple"]Atmospheric Refraction.[/COLOR] 549. An iceberg is floating in sea.[COLOR="purple"] One tenth [/COLOR]of its mass will remain above the surface of water. 550. Bat has the highest upper limit of [COLOR="purple"]audible range.[/COLOR] 551. [COLOR="purple"]“Hotline” [/COLOR]is A telecommunication link between the rulers of countries. 552. Most of the ozone is concentrated in the [COLOR="purple"]Stratosphere.[/COLOR] 553. The cow’s milk contains [COLOR="purple"]80% of water [/COLOR]in terms of percentage. 554. [COLOR="purple"]Numismatics[/COLOR] is the study of Coins. 555. [COLOR="purple"]Measles [/COLOR]is a viral disease. 556. [COLOR="purple"]Vitamin C [/COLOR]is present in Citrus Fruits. 557. [COLOR="purple"]Leukaemia[/COLOR] is a Blood Cancer. 558. [COLOR="purple"]Haemophilia[/COLOR] is a hereditary disease. 559. [COLOR="purple"]Diamond[/COLOR] is the hardest material. 560. Lead ball falls through water more slowly than through air because of [COLOR="purple"]the viscous force in water.[/COLOR] 561. Polaroid’s are used for [COLOR="purple"]Photoelasticity.[/COLOR] 562. [COLOR="purple"]Scalding[/COLOR] with steam is more severe than scalding by boiling water because Steam contains more energy than boiling water. 563. Cooking oil can be converted into vegetable ghee by the process of [COLOR="purple"]Hydrogenation.[/COLOR] 564. Stainless steel is an alloy of [COLOR="purple"]Iron, Chromium and Nickel.[/COLOR] 565. [COLOR="purple"]Optical fibres[/COLOR] work on the principle of Total internal reflection. 566. Water vapour beyond the dew point results in [COLOR="purple"]Condensation.[/COLOR] 567. The main chemical substance present in the bones and teeth of animals is [COLOR="purple"]Calcium Phosphate.[/COLOR] 568. The[COLOR="purple"] Green House Effect [/COLOR]is caused by an excess of Carbon dioxide. 569. Bats can also fly in dark because they are capable of taking the help of [COLOR="purple"]Ultrasonic Waves.[/COLOR] 570. [COLOR="purple"]Gold[/COLOR] is found in its original form. 571. [COLOR="purple"]Green vegetables[/COLOR] have high iron content. 572. The fat content in buffalo milk is [COLOR="purple"]10%.[/COLOR] 573. [COLOR="purple"]Whale[/COLOR] has the largest egg. 574. The rear view mirror of a motor vehicle is [COLOR="purple"]Convex.[/COLOR] 575. A [COLOR="purple"]post mortem[/COLOR] study usually involves an analysis of liver. 576. [COLOR="purple"]Bio fertilisers[/COLOR] are nitrogen-fixing micro-organisms which can enrich soil. 577. [COLOR="purple"]Tincture [/COLOR]of iodine consists of [COLOR="purple"]A solution of iodine in alcohol.[/COLOR] 578. The only planet of solar system which has [COLOR="purple"]water vapours[/COLOR] is [COLOR="purple"]Neptune[/COLOR]. 579. The major part of natural gas, petroleum and coal consist of [COLOR="purple"]Methane.[/COLOR] 580. [COLOR="purple"]Gypsum[/COLOR] is used for [COLOR="purple"]cement.[/COLOR] 581. Chromium is obtained from[COLOR="purple"] Chromite.[/COLOR] 582. Silica is used in [COLOR="purple"]glass-making.[/COLOR] 583. Human population has become double during the last 4[COLOR="purple"]5 years.[/COLOR] 584. At present population growth rate in Pakistan is [COLOR="purple"]1.573%.[/COLOR] 585. In Pakistan, the nuclear power stations are built at [COLOR="purple"]Karachi and Chashma. [/COLOR] 586. [COLOR="purple"]Plutonium[/COLOR] is used as [COLOR="purple"]Fuel for nuclear fission.[/COLOR] 587. [COLOR="purple"]Uranium-235[/COLOR] is used in the fission process. 588. The solar energy falling on the atmosphere of earth is almost [COLOR="purple"]1.4 kilowatt per square meter.[/COLOR] 589. The large plates of solar panels are painted [COLOR="purple"]Black.[/COLOR] 590. The temperature of the semi-molten rocks about 10 km below the surface is[COLOR="purple"] 200 degree Centigrade.[/COLOR] 591. [COLOR="purple"]Cataract [/COLOR]is a disease of eye. 592. [COLOR="purple"]Rayon[/COLOR] is made of Cellulose. 593. [COLOR="purple"]Meter per second [/COLOR]is a unit of Velocity. 594. The greatest number of compounds is formed by the element of[COLOR="purple"] Carbon.[/COLOR] 595. The major component of honey is [COLOR="purple"]Glucose.[/COLOR] 596. The working principle of a washing machine is [COLOR="purple"]Centrifugation.[/COLOR] 597. [COLOR="purple"]Oxygen[/COLOR] is present in the largest amount in terms of per cent by mass in the [COLOR="purple"]earth’s crust.[/COLOR] 598. [COLOR="purple"]Radioactivity[/COLOR] was first discovered by [COLOR="purple"]Henry Becquerel.[/COLOR] 599. [COLOR="purple"]Helium gas [/COLOR]is commonly used in balloons and airships. 600. The process of elimination of water from any system is called [COLOR="purple"]Dehydration.[/COLOR] [/B] |
[QUOTE=Afshan Choudary;371066]Hot liquid rock beneath the earth’s surface is called Lava[/QUOTE]
both of you are wrong dear. when it is inside the earth it is called [B][U]MAGMA[/U][/B],but when it come out of earth crust it is called [B][U]LAVA.[/U][/B] |
Good efforts..
>The second most abundant metal found in earth's crust is silicon. Here is the sequence of 9 elements which account for most of the matter found in earth's crust: oxygen, silicon, aluminium, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, and hydrogen. out of them the non-metal elements are oxygen and hydrogen. >Charcoal is made by animals' bones. >when ice melts its density decreases. because density is a mass per unit area(volume). water in ice state has contracted volume and its mass per area is greater but when it melts it starts to expand, thereby its mass per unit area decrease. |
[B]601. Sparkling red colour after the blast of fire cracker is due to the presence of [COLOR="purple"]Sulphur[/COLOR].
602. The chemical name of aspirin is [COLOR="purple"]Acetylsalicylic acid.[/COLOR] 603. Animal fat has the [COLOR="purple"]highest calories per gram.[/COLOR] 604. The commonly present element in the artificial fertilizer is [COLOR="purple"]Potassium, Nitrogen and Phosphorus.[/COLOR] 605. [COLOR="purple"]Potassium nitrate [/COLOR]is used in fertilizers. 606. The inherited traits of a person can be investigated by the study of [COLOR="purple"]Deoxyribonucleic acid.[/COLOR] 607. Silicon is extensively used in [COLOR="purple"]electronics.[/COLOR] 608. When a bullet is fired upwards vertically, it gains in [COLOR="purple"]Potential energy.[/COLOR] 609. The mixture of [COLOR="purple"]Acetylene and oxygen gases[/COLOR] is required in gas welding. 610. [COLOR="purple"]Isobars[/COLOR] are the lines connecting the places having same Atmospheric pressure. 611. The velocity of wind is related to[COLOR="purple"] Pressure gradient.[/COLOR] 612. The acid present in the sour milk is [COLOR="purple"]Formic acid.[/COLOR] 613. The most important stimulant in tea leaves is[COLOR="purple"] Caffeine.[/COLOR] 614. Dolly was the name of [COLOR="purple"]first cloned sheep.[/COLOR] 615. The smallest living cell is that of a[COLOR="purple"] Mycoplasma (bacterium)[/COLOR] 616. We lose consciousness if blood flow to the brain is cut off [COLOR="purple"]more than 5 sec.[/COLOR] 617. Menopause usually occurs between [COLOR="purple"]40 to 45 years.[/COLOR] 618. [COLOR="purple"]Platypus and Echidnas[/COLOR] are the only monotremes, or mammals that lay eggs. 619. [COLOR="purple"]Film [/COLOR]is that part of camera which is analogue to the retina in the human eye. 620. [COLOR="purple"]72-80[/COLOR] is the average adult pulse rate. 621. [COLOR="purple"]Magnetic resonance [/COLOR]is the modern tool for imaging brain tumours. 622. The acid used in a car battery is [COLOR="purple"]sulphuric acid.[/COLOR] 623. After drinking contaminated water, you would be most apt to develop symptoms of [COLOR="purple"]Typhoid fever.[/COLOR] 624. In eye donation, [COLOR="purple"]Cornea of donor’s eye[/COLOR] is utilized. 625. [COLOR="purple"]Alzheimer[/COLOR] is a disease of Brain. 626. Cell was discovered by [COLOR="purple"]Robert Hooke.[/COLOR] 627. A body is taken from Earth to Moon. Its weight will [COLOR="purple"]Decreases.[/COLOR] 628. Brass is an alloy of [COLOR="purple"]Copper and Zinc.[/COLOR] 629. Mineral essential for the coagulation of blood is [COLOR="purple"]Magnesium.[/COLOR] 630. Milk is an example of [COLOR="purple"]Emulsion.[/COLOR] 631. Iron is the [COLOR="purple"]most abundant transition metal.[/COLOR] 632. [COLOR="purple"]Hydrometer[/COLOR] is used to determine [COLOR="purple"]specific gravity of liquids.[/COLOR] 633. Convex lenses are used for the correction of [COLOR="purple"]Long-sightedness (Hyperopia)[/COLOR] 634. A transformer is used to Increase or decrease [COLOR="purple"]AC voltage.[/COLOR] 635. The stones formed in human kidney consist mostly of [COLOR="purple"]Calcium oxalate.[/COLOR] 636. Most of the explosions in mines occur due to the mixing of [COLOR="purple"]Methane with air.[/COLOR] 637. A mobile phone sends and receives messages through [COLOR="purple"]Radio waves.[/COLOR] 638. [COLOR="purple"]Fax machine[/COLOR] receives the signal and give its output through the Printer. 639. The procedure of crushing the gallstone and kidney stone by laser is called [COLOR="purple"]Lithotripsy[/COLOR]. 640. Laser is used to produce an image of [COLOR="purple"]One dimension.[/COLOR] 641. Three dimensional image formed by laser is called [COLOR="purple"]Photograph.[/COLOR] 642. The first laser ever used is [COLOR="purple"]Semiconductor laser.[/COLOR] 643. Ordinary light spreads in [COLOR="purple"]all directions.[/COLOR] 644. [COLOR="purple"]Optical fibres [/COLOR]are the fine strands of Glass. 645. The satellites which revolve in such an orbit, so that they move with earth rotation are called [COLOR="purple"]Geo-stationary satellites.[/COLOR] 646. The elements which emit radiations have atomic number greater than [COLOR="purple"]82.[/COLOR] 647. In a normal healthy body, the number of red cells or erythrocytes in [COLOR="purple"]each cubic millimetre of blood is 5.0 m.[/COLOR] 648. The average life of a red blood cell in the body is about [COLOR="purple"]120 days. [/COLOR] 649. DNA is a class of [COLOR="purple"]nucleic acids.[/COLOR] 650. Cellulose is a [COLOR="purple"]Carbohydrate.[/COLOR] 651. After long periods of use, a gray spot develops on the inside of a bulb. This is because the [COLOR="purple"]tungsten filament evaporates and collects there.[/COLOR] 652. Ice cubes are added to a glass of pure water and a glass of a pure alcohol. The ice would be [COLOR="purple"]Floating in alcohol and sinking in water.[/COLOR] 653. Protein which renders a cell less susceptible to attack by viruses is called [COLOR="purple"]Chloromycetin.[/COLOR] 654. The pigment involved in photosynthesis activity is called [COLOR="purple"]Chlorophyll.[/COLOR] 655. The chemical part of the dye that absorbs light and produces colour is called [COLOR="purple"]photo chrome.[/COLOR] 656. A nuclear reactor harnesses nuclear energy by [COLOR="purple"]Controlled chain reaction. [/COLOR] 657. Eyes are tested by dilating the pupils with a very dilute solution of [COLOR="purple"]Atropine.[/COLOR] 658. [COLOR="purple"]Phenol [/COLOR]is used as a raw material in the manufacture of foam used in mattresses, cushions, etc. 659. ECG is an instrument used for the [COLOR="purple"]disorder of Heart.[/COLOR] 660. [COLOR="purple"]Carbon-14[/COLOR] is used for dating very old objects of archaeological importance. 661. [COLOR="purple"]Lead[/COLOR] is used in storage batteries. 662. Enzymes are[COLOR="purple"] Bi[/COLOR][COLOR="purple"]ological catalysts.[/COLOR] 663. DNA finger-printing is the latest technology used in [COLOR="purple"]Forensic science.[/COLOR] 664. Potassium is used in the preparation of glass and soap in the form of [COLOR="purple"]Carbonates.[/COLOR] 665. [COLOR="purple"]Potassium phosphate[/COLOR] is used in the preparation of detergent. 666. In Chlorophyll, [COLOR="purple"]magnesium [/COLOR]is present. 667. Calcium plays a vital role in [COLOR="purple"]blood clotting.[/COLOR] 668. For water purification, [COLOR="purple"]Chlorine[/COLOR] is used. 669. Deficiency of calcium causes the [COLOR="purple"]impaired growth in infants.[/COLOR] 670. Wheat, rice, corn and maize are the [COLOR="purple"]best sources of carbohydrates.[/COLOR] 671. The human blood is divided into [COLOR="purple"]four groups.[/COLOR] 672. The muscles, tissues and blood all are made up of [COLOR="purple"]Proteins.[/COLOR] 673. Iron is a part of haemoglobin which [COLOR="purple"]transports oxygen.[/COLOR] 674. In thyroid glands iodine is required for the synthesis of [COLOR="purple"]Thyroxin.[/COLOR] 675. The amount of calories provided by egg is [COLOR="purple"]150 K calories/100gm.[/COLOR] 676. Jupiter is the [COLOR="purple"]largest planet [/COLOR]of solar system. 677. The mirror placed near the driver of a bus is [COLOR="purple"]Concave mirror.[/COLOR] 678. X-rays are used to [COLOR="purple"]disintegrate bladder stones.[/COLOR] 679. The percentage of carbohydrates in the normal daily food calorie requirement of an adult is about[COLOR="purple"] 59%.[/COLOR] 680. Impure blood is received in the heart in the [COLOR="purple"]right auricle.[/COLOR] 681. Plants take nitrogen in the form of [COLOR="purple"]Nitrate.[/COLOR] 682. Washing soda in water behaves [COLOR="purple"]acidic.[/COLOR] 683. The glad which maintains body temperature is the [COLOR="purple"]Pituitary gland.[/COLOR] 684. Peeled banana under normal condition is [COLOR="purple"]brittle.[/COLOR] 685. [COLOR="purple"]Phrenology [/COLOR]deals with sensory perception of animals. 686. [COLOR="purple"]Vinegar[/COLOR] is produced by two steps, first fermentation of sugar by yeast, second fermentation of ethyl alcohol by bacteria. 687. The longest and the strongest bone in the human body is [COLOR="purple"]Femur.[/COLOR] 688. Red color has the[COLOR="purple"] longest wavelength[/COLOR] and violet has the [COLOR="purple"]shortest wavelength.[/COLOR] 689. [COLOR="purple"]Chronometer [/COLOR]is used to measure Time. 690. Carbon dioxide is used in [COLOR="purple"]fire extinguishers.[/COLOR] 691. Hereditary disorders are the result of [COLOR="purple"]Defective DNA nucleus.[/COLOR] 692. Pure gold is [COLOR="purple"]24 carat.[/COLOR] 693. One horse power is equal to [COLOR="purple"]746 watts.[/COLOR] 694. [COLOR="purple"]Dynamo[/COLOR] is a device that converts Mechanical energy into electrical energy. 695. The minimum velocity required to escape from the gravitational pull is [COLOR="purple"]11.2 km/s. [/COLOR] 696. Heavy water consists of [COLOR="purple"]Oxygen and heavy hydrogen.[/COLOR] 697. Polio is a [COLOR="purple"]viral disease.[/COLOR] 698. [COLOR="purple"]Ag[/COLOR] is the symbol for silver. 699. [COLOR="purple"]Babbage[/COLOR] is called the father of computer. 700. Dead red blood cells are [COLOR="purple"]stored in liver.[/COLOR] [/B] |
[QUOTE=shakeel ghori;371573]Good efforts..
>The second most abundant metal found in earth's crust is silicon. Here is the sequence of 9 elements which account for most of the matter found in earth's crust: oxygen, silicon, aluminium, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, and hydrogen. out of them the non-metal elements are oxygen and hydrogen. >Charcoal is made by animals' bones.[/QUOTE] [B][U]corrected answers :-[/U][/B] 1) [B][U][COLOR="DarkRed"]Element[/COLOR][/U][/B] [B][U][COLOR="Olive"]Abundance [/COLOR][/U][/B] [B][U][COLOR="Purple"]Abundance[/COLOR][/U][/B] [B][U][COLOR="Olive"](percent by weight)[/COLOR][/U][/B] [B][U][COLOR="Purple"] (parts per million by weight)[/COLOR][/U][/B] Oxygen 46.1% , 461,000 Silicon 28.2% , 282,000 Aluminum 8.23% , 82,300 Iron 5.63% , 56,300 Calcium 4.15% , 41,500 Sodium 2.36% , 23,600 Magnesium 2.33% , 23,300 Potassium 2.09% , 20,900 Titanium 0.565% , 5,650 Hydrogen 0.14% , 1,400 2)One of the most common forms of carbon is charcoal. Charcoal is made by heating wood in the absence of air so it does not catch fire. Instead, it gives off water vapor, leaving pure carbon. 3) • Water is the only substance in nature that has lower density on its solid state. This happens because air is trapped in betwen the molecules of water when they freeze and make it expand. This is the reason water is so importat for lifeforms to appear on planets • The density of water increases until 4 degrees Celsius at which point it starts to decrease. As a result, ice is lighter and will float on water. When ice melts its temperature rises to the 4 degree point and it starts to sink into the surrounding water. Density is connected to state so solids are denser than liquids which are denser than gases. Density= Mass/Volume. When water freezes, its volume increases. This is why a frozen bottle of water expands to the point of bursting. By the formula, if volume increases and Mass stays the same, then the value of density decreases. Thus, this is why ice floats and is less dense than water. When the ice melts, the reverse happens in that its volume decreases and again by the formula, density will increase. corrections are most welcome. |
[B]701. [COLOR="purple"]Spring tides[/COLOR] occur on new moon and full moon days because on these days Sun, moon and earth are in a straight line.
702. [COLOR="Purple"]Clayey soil[/COLOR] is best suited for cotton. 703. The time interval between two beats of a normal human heart is [COLOR="purple"]1 second.[/COLOR] 704. The material used for bleaching paper pulp is [COLOR="purple"]Sodium hypochlorite.[/COLOR] 705. [COLOR="purple"]Mercury[/COLOR] has the smallest diameter. 706. The instrument, used for recording tremors of earth, is known as [COLOR="purple"]Seismograph.[/COLOR] 707. [COLOR="purple"]Ionosphere [/COLOR]makes the radio transmission possible. 708. Colour of the skin is due to the presence of [COLOR="purple"]Melanin.[/COLOR] 709. [COLOR="purple"]Natural rubber [/COLOR]is a protein. 710. [COLOR="purple"]Concave mirror [/COLOR]can be used to focus sunlight. 711. Liver secrets [COLOR="purple"]bile.[/COLOR] 712. When an object is transferred from the earth to the moon [COLOR="purple"]its mass remains unchanged.[/COLOR] 713. The unit of sound is [COLOR="purple"]Decibel.[/COLOR] 714. It is economical to transmit[COLOR="purple"] electric power at high voltage.[/COLOR] 715. [COLOR="purple"]Diamond[/COLOR] does not have a tetrahedral structure. 716. The unit to measure the supersonic speed is [COLOR="purple"]Mach.[/COLOR] 717. The application of the principles of genetics to the improvement of human race is known as [COLOR="purple"]Eugenics.[/COLOR] 718. The penetration of x-rays through an object depends upon [COLOR="purple"]the object’s Density.[/COLOR] 719. [COLOR="purple"]Using Ultrasound[/COLOR], we can determine the [COLOR="purple"]Structure of the body.[/COLOR] 720. The find the hidden secrets under the water, the ships and submarines use the [COLOR="purple"]Sonar system.[/COLOR] 721. The dirt in the dirty water can be separated by using the [COLOR="purple"]Ultrasound.[/COLOR] 722. Recording of brain waves from outer surface of head is called [COLOR="purple"]E.E.G (Electroencephalograph).[/COLOR] 723. The first rocket launched by Pakistan was [COLOR="purple"]Rahber.[/COLOR] 724. The [COLOR="purple"]first Nuclear power plant[/COLOR] in Pakistan was established at Karachi. 725. Sodium benzoate is used [COLOR="purple"]for preservation of food grains.[/COLOR] 726. Steel is more elastic than rubber because [COLOR="purple"]ratio of stress to strain is more.[/COLOR] 727. [COLOR="purple"]Haemoglobin [/COLOR]makes the blood look red. 728. Mercury is extracted from [COLOR="purple"]Cinnabar.[/COLOR] 729. Cattle-bone powder is used as fertilizer as it is rich in [COLOR="purple"]Phosphorous.[/COLOR] 730. Heating element of an electric heater [COLOR="purple"]Nichrome.[/COLOR] 731. Dry sand appears bright while wet sand appears dark because of [COLOR="purple"]Reflection.[/COLOR] 732. Acid rain contains high levels of [COLOR="purple"]Sulphuric acid.[/COLOR] 733. A woman’s voice is shriller than a man’s [COLOR="purple"]due to smaller vocal chords.[/COLOR] 734. The blood glucose level is commonly expressed as [COLOR="purple"]Milligram per decilitre.[/COLOR] 735. Soft drinks such as colas contain significant quantities of [COLOR="purple"]Caffeine.[/COLOR] 736. A small pouch containing silica gel is often found in bottles of medicine in tablet or powder form because [COLOR="purple"]silica gel absorbs moisture.[/COLOR] 737. Fluorescent tubes are fitted with a choke. [COLOR="purple"]The choke coil reduces current in the circuit.[/COLOR] 738. For reproduction of sound, a CD (Compact Device) audio player uses a [COLOR="purple"]Laser beam.[/COLOR] 739. When a CD (Compact Disc used in audio and video systems) is seen in sunlight, rainbow like colours are seen. This can be explained [COLOR="purple"]on the basis of the phenomenon of Reflection and diffraction.[/COLOR] 740. If a U-238 nucleus splits into two identical parts, the two nuclei so produced will be [COLOR="purple"]Radioactive.[/COLOR] 741. The total genetic material within an individual is known as the [COLOR="purple"]Genome.[/COLOR] 742. The part of the body directly affected by Pneumonia is [COLOR="purple"]Respiratory system.[/COLOR] 743. As the amount of clay in a soil increases, i[COLOR="purple"]ts water retaining capacity increases.[/COLOR] 744. “O” blood group of human beings is a [COLOR="purple"]universal donor.[/COLOR] 745. Amino acids are a product of the digestion of [COLOR="purple"]Protein.[/COLOR] 746. [COLOR="purple"]Ptyalin i[/COLOR]s a starch digeting enzyme. 747. Pepsin, a digestive enzyme, is produced in the [COLOR="purple"]Stomach.[/COLOR] 748. Milk is nearly a[COLOR="purple"] complete food [/COLOR]by itself. 749. The [COLOR="purple"]acids turn the blue litmus paper Red.[/COLOR] 750. Permanent magnets can be made from [COLOR="purple"]Cobalt.[/COLOR] 751. Nights are cooler in the deserts than in the plants because [COLOR="purple"]Sand absorbs heat more quickly than the earth.[/COLOR] 752. Atmospheric pressure exerted on the earth is due to the [COLOR="purple"]Gravitational pull.[/COLOR] 753. Fertilizer having high nitrogen content is [COLOR="purple"]Urea.[/COLOR] 754. [COLOR="purple"]Potassium Carbonate[/COLOR] is used for removing air bubbles from the glass during its manufacture. 755. The chemical name for “baking soda” is [COLOR="purple"]Sodium Bicarbonate.[/COLOR] 756. The snow on the mountains does not melt all at once when it is heated by the sun because [COLOR="purple"]it reflects most of the heat from the sun.[/COLOR] 757. First time AIDS was identified in [COLOR="purple"]1983.[/COLOR] 758. [COLOR="purple"]Anthrax[/COLOR] is a [COLOR="purple"]bacterial disease.[/COLOR] 759. Blood is formed in [COLOR="purple"]bone marrow[/COLOR] in human body. 760. [COLOR="purple"]Quark [/COLOR]is the smallest part of the matter discovered by the scientists. 761. [COLOR="purple"]Trachoma[/COLOR] is a disease of the eye. 762. The heart of a normal adult human being weighs about [COLOR="purple"]300 grams[/COLOR] and that of woman [COLOR="purple"]200 grams.[/COLOR] 763. Heart pumps[COLOR="purple"] 5 litre blood per minute[/COLOR] in a normal human adult (at resting position). 764. The part of the body directly affected by [COLOR="purple"]Rikets[/COLOR] is bone tissue. 765. [COLOR="purple"]Histology[/COLOR] is the study of tissues. [/B] |
[U][CENTER][FONT="Georgia"][SIZE="5"][B][COLOR="DarkSlateBlue"]SCIENTIFIC REASONS FROM PAST PAPERS (95 To 2011):[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/CENTER][/U]
[COLOR="Purple"]1) The Earth bulges out at equator. Why?[/COLOR] Ans: This is due to the shape of the earth. The earth is not a true sphere but it is an ellipsoid. The equatorial diameter of the earth is 12756.27 kms. While its polar diameter is 12713.505 km. the difference between its equatorial and polar diameter is about 43 kilometres. The rotation of the earth on its axis produces a centrifugal force which increases its equatorial diameter. That is why earth bulges at the equator. [COLOR="purple"]2) The Sun appears red at sunset and sunrise. Why?[/COLOR] Ans: The sun appears red at the time of sunset and sunrise due to the scattering of light by small particles of dust or smoke near the surface of the earth. The light travels relatively without hindrance that is why the sun appears red at the time of sunset and sunrise. [COLOR="purple"]3) The ozone layer in the atmosphere is necessary for our survival. Why?[/COLOR] Ans: ozone layer in the atmosphere is very necessary for plant and animal survival because it is the absorber of ultraviolet rays which are very dangerous for animal health. Ultraviolet rays cause cancer of skin, spotting of plants etc. that is why the ozone layer is necessary and essential for animal as well as plant survival. [COLOR="purple"]4) The sky from moon appears black. Why?[/COLOR] Ans: as the moon has no atmosphere, so the sky looks completely black when viewed from the moon. [COLOR="purple"]5) Roads are bent inwards on curves. Why?[/COLOR] Ans: The roads are bent inwards on the curves and at the turns because the bents avoid falling outside and prevent the accidents. OR When an object turns in a circle it is influenced by a centrifugal force which pushes it away from the centre of the circle. When vehicles turn on a road they fall outside under the influence of centrifugal force. In this way there is danger of falling or slipping out of road at a turn. Roads are made in a way that these bent inward at the turns to avoid falling outside and to prevent accidents. [COLOR="purple"]6) Australian continent has winter season when we have summer season in Pakistan.[/COLOR] Ans: the earth on its axis is not at a vertical angle to its orbit. It is inclined at an angle of about. In this way when the northern hemisphere of the earth is inclined to the sun and getting direct sun rays, southern hemisphere is inclined away from the sun and getting less direct rays. Thus the northern hemisphere has summer season and southern hemisphere has winter season. Pakistan is in the northern hemisphere while Australia is in the southern hemisphere. So when there is winter in Australia there is summer season in Pakistan. [COLOR="purple"]7) Meat takes longer to cook on mountains.[/COLOR] Ans: The meat takes longer time to cook on the mountains because the atmospheric pressure decreases with attitude and the boiling point of a liquid is directly proportional to the atmospheric pressure. [COLOR="purple"]8) Water remains cool in earthen pitcher.[/COLOR] Ans: This occurs due to the process of evaporation. Water gets cooled on evaporation. As the earthenware pitcher is concerned, they have small pores. Water tends to come out of pores and evaporates which results in cooling effect on the earthenware and water. While in the metal pots there are no pores and evaporation does not take place. Besides metal has tendency to absorb heat that why water does not get cooled in a metal pot. [COLOR="purple"]9) Ice and salt mixture is used as a freezing agent by manual ice-cream makers.[/COLOR] Ans: In manual ice-cream making a mixture of salt and ice is always used because salt has capacity to reduce the temperature of ice by decreasing its freezing point. That’s why ice and salt mixture is used as freezing agent in manual ice cream making. [COLOR="purple"]10) It is not advisable to sleep under trees during the night.[/COLOR] Ans: During night the plants release carbon dioxide (CO2) which is a poisonous gas and injurious to health. That is why it is not advisable to sleep under trees during night. [COLOR="purple"]11) Why the green house operators paint their glass roofs white in summer?[/COLOR] Ans: White colour is the reflector of light and it absorbs less heat as compared to other colours. As in summer there is already very hot season and heat is not required to that level. That is why the green-house operators paint glass roofs white in summer season. [COLOR="purple"]12) Water boils quicker on mountains.[/COLOR] Ans: On Mountains the pressure of the air is low due to height, as the air pressure decreases with altitude. In this way, water boils quicker on mountains at temperature less than 100 degree centigrade, which is the boiling point of water at ground level. [COLOR="purple"]13) Rainbow is produced in the sky after rainfall and sunlight.[/COLOR] Ans: After rain, many droplet of water travel in the atmosphere. When sun rays fall on these droplets, dispersion of water occurs and droplets act as prism and produce a spectrum of seven colours. That’s why a rainbow is seen in the sky after rain. [COLOR="purple"]14) Milk is considered as an ideal food.[/COLOR] Ans: Milk is considered as an ideal food due to following reasons: a) It contains all constitute of balanced diet. b) Milk contains fat. c) Milk has high nutritional value because it contains proteins as well as minerals. [COLOR="purple"]15) Lunar eclipse last much longer than solar eclipse.[/COLOR] Ans: Lunar eclipse last longer than the solar eclipse because the length of the earth’s umbral shadow cone is more than three times the average distance between the moon and the earth, so the shadow is relatively wide at the point where the moon crosses it. [COLOR="purple"]16) Goitre is common in hilly areas.[/COLOR] Ans: Goitre is common in hilly areas because there is deficiency of Iodine in the water. [COLOR="purple"]17) Detergents are better cleaning agents.[/COLOR] Ans: A detergent consists of hydrophilic and hydrophobic ends. In case of dirt the detergent pushes the dirt off the wet surface of the fabric. The washing machine provides the agitation. [COLOR="purple"]18) Decomposers are important for life.[/COLOR] Ans: Decomposers break down animal waste and dead organisms in order to get energy and release free nutrients back into the ecosystem. [CENTER]OR[/CENTER] Decomposers break down organics into nutrients, which can be used by living organisms to create new life. [COLOR="purple"]19) Places near sea are cooler in summer.[/COLOR] Ans: Sea water keeps the temperature moderate. In the summer season the places located near sea are cooler due to the lower temperature of water. [COLOR="purple"]20) Colour blindness is more common in men than women.[/COLOR] Ans: Women have the sex chromosomes XX, while men have the chromosomes XY. The gene for normal colour vision is found on the X-chromosome. If a woman has one X-chromosome with the gene and one without it, she will not be colour blind. On the other hand, a man with an X-chromosome that is missing the gene has no 'backup'. He will definitely be colour blind. Colour blind women have both X-chromosomes missing the colour vision gene. This is less probable mathematically than having just one X-chromosome missing the gene. [COLOR="purple"]21) Light colours absorb less heat therefore these are not heated as much as the black colour.[/COLOR] Ans: Dark colours do not exactly absorb more heat, but they do convert a higher percentage of light into heat. In the sun with a dark coloured shirt it gets hot, where a lighter coloured shirt would not get nearly as hot. This is due to the amount of light being absorbed by the colour. The lighter the colour the smaller is the range of visible light being absorbed and converted into heat. White objects reflect all visible light, where black objects absorb all visible light. [COLOR="purple"]22) Rain water is more fertile than water from tube well.[/COLOR] Ans: Rain water is more fertile because it contains many salts and nitrogen dissolved from the atmosphere. [COLOR="purple"]23) The manhole covers are generally round.[/COLOR] Ans: Manholes, which interconnect underground sewerage pipes, and serve as a point of entry for cleaning the pipes, are located at every major sewer pipe junction, and are capped with round manhole covers. The reason for the circular construction of these covers is, quite simply, that covers of any other shape would fall through the manholes by virtue of their varying diameters. Circular manhole covers do not vary in width, or in diameter, as is the case with these other shapes, thus remaining in place despite the street traffic running roughshod over them. [COLOR="purple"]24) Clothes of a moving dancer bulge.[/COLOR] Ans: The clothes of a moving dancer bulge outside due to the centrifugal force which tends to move away from the centre. [COLOR="purple"]25) People are advised not to stand near fast moving train.[/COLOR] Ans: One should not stand beside a fast moving train because of the strong pressure of air which carries along. A man can fall in this pressure. [COLOR="purple"]26) The image of a tree is inverted on the bank of a lake.[/COLOR] Ans: The water of lake acts as a mirror. According to the laws of light, mirror forms inverted images. [COLOR="purple"]27) Polar star is always seen in the north.[/COLOR] Ans: It is because the Polar Star (North Star) is closest to the location of the celestial North Pole. [COLOR="purple"]28) We never see birds urinating.[/COLOR] Ans: The birds do not have a urinary system like other living beings which possess urinary excretory organs. In the birds the urine is excreted from body without special organs. [COLOR="purple"]29) Pasteurized milk has more nourishment than the ordinary boiled milk.[/COLOR] Ans: Pasteurized milk is obtained by heating milk at a temperature of 60 degree Celsius for 30 minutes. In this way the TB bacteria are killed without damaging the milk protein. Thus pasteurized milk has more nourishment than ordinary boiled milk. [COLOR="purple"]30) Bees die when they sting human being.[/COLOR] Ans: Their stingers are actually ovipositors, tubular structures extending from the abdomen that sometimes contain eggs. When the barbed stinger is left inside the victim, the honeybee mortally tears her abdomen in the process. They leave their stingers in the wound with a tiny venom sac attached. Fortunately, only about one out of a hundred people are allergic to bee sting, but allergic reactions can be very serious. [COLOR="purple"]31) Cloudy nights are usually warmer than the clear ones.[/COLOR] Ans: The clouds serve as a barrier and prevent the loss of heat. Thus the warm temperature is maintained. [COLOR="purple"]32) Why do some people snore?[/COLOR] Ans: Some people snore during their sleep because the breathing action produces sound. This is so because the pharynx or the windpipe offers resistance to the air taken in or expelled. [COLOR="purple"]33) Why do we sometimes sleep walk?[/COLOR] Ans: Sleep walk is a sort of disorder of sleep in which a person starts walking during his sleep. The sleeper walks and performs complex activities automatically without regaining consciousness. [COLOR="purple"]34) Climbers bend forward while climbing mountain.[/COLOR] Ans: While climbing a mountain, a climber bends his body forward in order to keep the centre of gravity of his body within two thirds portion. According to this principle the Pisa Tower is not falling. [COLOR="purple"]35) Why climbers get their food by climbing on other trees?[/COLOR] Ans: The climbers are mostly parasites and they cannot manufacture their food. Therefore, they climb on other trees and get food from them. [COLOR="purple"]36) Mars is called red planet.[/COLOR] Ans: Mars is called the red planet because its colour is red due to the desert like surface. [COLOR="purple"]37) Vitamin D is the essential component of the body.[/COLOR] Ans: Vitamin D is necessary for body because it is essential for bone formation and retention of calcium in the human body. Vitamin D also protects the teeth. [COLOR="purple"]38) The weight of the object is less at the equator than at the poles.[/COLOR] Ans: The weight of an object is the product of mass and force of gravity. The equatorial diameter is more than the polar diameter. Thus, the force of gravity is more at the poles and the weight is more there. [COLOR="purple"]39) The dogs pant, the birds open their mouth and the elephants move rapidly their ears.[/COLOR] Ans: All of them do not sweat; they use the above mentioned mechanisms to cool themselves. [COLOR="purple"]40) A geostationary satellite appears standstill to a viewer on the equator of earth.[/COLOR] Ans: Because the distance remains the same. [/B] |
[B][U][CENTER][FONT="Georgia"][SIZE="5"][COLOR="DarkGreen"]More Scientific Reasons[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/CENTER][/U][/B]
[B][COLOR="Purple"]41) Why do the stars twinkle?[/COLOR] Ans: The light from the stars travels through different layers of space of varying densities. Therefore, the light rays deviate from their original path. Further, these layers are not stationary but keep on moving. This leads to the twinkling of stars. [COLOR="Purple"]42) On what days do we have equal days and nights all over the world? And why?[/COLOR] Ans: On 23 September and 21 March we have equal days and nights all over the world. This is so because on these days, the rays of the sun fall vertically on the equator at noon. Both the poles receive equal rays of the sun. As a result, exactly one-half of each hemisphere receives the sun’s rays. This makes day and night equal. [COLOR="purple"]43) Every fourth year has 366 days. Explain.[/COLOR] Ans: One revolution of the earth around the sun takes 356 days and 6 hours. But we consider a year as consisting of only 365 days and ignore 6 hours. In four years the difference becomes as much as 24 hours or one day. Hence, to every fourth year we add one day. That year of 366 days is known as leap year. [COLOR="purple"]44) Why are igneous rocks called primary or parent rocks?[/COLOR] Ans: Igneous rocks are formed when the molten material from volcanoes gets solidified. This material is liquid, hot and sticky which moves towards the surface through cracks and joints. All other rocks derived from these rocks. Hence, they are called primary or parent rocks. [COLOR="purple"]45) Why are the areas lying between the Arctic Circle and the North Pole in the Northern Hemisphere and the Antarctic Circle and the South Pole in the Southern Hemisphere very cold?[/COLOR] Ans: These areas are very cold because the sun does not rise much above the horizon. Therefore, its rays are always very slanting which emit minimum heat. These areas being very cold are called Frigid Zones. [COLOR="purple"]46) Why are the three hot regions of the world-equatorial forests, savannah lands and hot deserts-not found in Europe?[/COLOR] Ans: The three hot regions of the world-equatorial forests, savannah lands and hot deserts-are not found in Europe because Europe is the only inhabited continent situated entirely outside the tropics. [COLOR="purple"]47) Why is the lowest layer of the atmosphere in contact with the earth’s surface, the warmest?[/COLOR] Ans: The lowest layer of the atmosphere in contact with the earth’s surface is the warmest because the atmosphere is heated mainly from the below. [COLOR="purple"]48) Why does the temperature above the ocean and land masses vary even on the same latitude?[/COLOR] Ans: Temperature above the oceans and land masses varies even on the same latitude because of the differential heating of land and water, i.e., land mass is heated and cooled more rapidly and to a greater degree than water. [COLOR="purple"]49) Why are marine animals able to live at great depths than marine plants?[/COLOR] Ans: As marine animals do not depend upon sunlight for their survival, they are able to live at great depths where there is permanent darkness. [COLOR="purple"]50) Why do trees of coniferous forests possess needle-like leaves?[/COLOR] Ans: The needle-like leaves limit transpiration and thus enable conifers to grow in the drier areas. [COLOR="purple"]51) Why do equatorial forests appear evergreen?[/COLOR] Ans: In equatorial forests trees often shed a few leaves or shed their leaves seasonally, but most of the trees retain their leaves for most of the time so that the forests appear evergreen. [COLOR="purple"] 52) Why is petroleum often called black gold? [/COLOR]Ans: Petroleum is often called black gold because of its great demand in the modern industry and for domestic use. It provides fuel for heat and lighting, lubricant for machinery and raw material for a number of industries. [COLOR="purple"]53) Why are the kangaroos called marsupials?[/COLOR] Ans: Marsupial means broad-pouch. Since kangaroos have a pouch-like fold of skin near the stomach in which they carry their young ones, they are called marsupials. [COLOR="purple"]54) Why is platypus considered a strange animal?[/COLOR] Ans: Platypus is a strange animal because it is an animal-bird that survives under water, walks on the ground and digs tunnel under the ground. It is a four-legged animal that lays eggs like a bird. It is found in Australia. [COLOR="purple"]55) Why is a person in moving vehicle thrown forward when the vehicle stops suddenly?[/COLOR] Ans: A person in a moving vehicle is in a state of motion. When the vehicle suddenly stops his body tends to remain in a state of motion due to inertia and he is thrown forward. [COLOR="purple"]56) Earth is continuously pulling moon towards its centre. Why does not the moon fall on to the earth?[/COLOR] Ans: it is so because the gravitational attraction of the earth provides the necessary centripetal force to the moon for its orbital motion around the earth due to which the moon is revolving around the earth. [COLOR="purple"]57) Which of the two-glass or rubber is more elastic and why?[/COLOR] Ans: Glass is more elastic than rubber because for a given applied force per unit area, the strain produced in glass is much more than that produced in rubber. [COLOR="purple"]58) Animal like camel can easily walk in the desert sand while other animals like donkeys, dogs and horses cannot. Explain.[/COLOR] Ans: The camel has very broad and large feet. As a result of the large surface area in contact with the ground, it exerts less pressure on the sand and sinks only slightly in it. Other animals have smaller feet which exert more pressure on the sand. As a result, they sink more in the sand and cannot walk easily in desert. [COLOR="purple"]59) Why does a small quantity of liquid assume spherical form?[/COLOR] Ans: A small quantity of liquid assumes a spherical form due to surface tension which tends to reduce the surface area. A given mass will acquire minimum surface area if it assumes a spherical shape. [COLOR="purple"]60) Why does an iron needle float on clean water but sink when some detergent is added to this water? [/COLOR] Ans: Due to surface tension, the free surface of liquid at rest behaves like a stretched membrane. When an iron needle floats on the surface of clean water, its weight is supported by the stretched membrane. When some detergent is added to this water, its surface tension decreases. As a result of it, the stretched membrane on the surface of water is weakened and is not able to support the weight of needle. Hence the needle sinks in such water. [COLOR="purple"]61) Why is cooking quicker in a pressure cooker?[/COLOR] Ans: The boiling point of water depends upon the pressure on its surface. Steam produced inside the cooker builds up pressure thereby raising the boiling point of water, which results in quick cooking. [COLOR="purple"]62) Why does steam cause more severe burns than boiling water?[/COLOR] Ans: The amount of heat (latent heat) possessed by steam is much greater than the amount of heat possessed by water at the same temperature. Therefore, steam causes more severe burns than boiling water. [COLOR="purple"]63) Why does ice not melt readily when salt is sprinkled over it?[/COLOR] Ans: When salt is sprinkled over ice, some of it dissolves. As dissolution of the salt is accompanied by absorption oh heat. The temperature of the system falls below 0 degree Celsius. Hence, ice does not melt readily. [COLOR="purple"]64) It is difficult for firemen to hold a hose, which ejects large amount of water at a high velocity. Why?[/COLOR] Ans: the water which comes out of the fireman’s hose carries large momentum as its velocity is very high. The equal and opposite reaction force pushes the fireman backwards with a great speed satisfying the law of conservation of momentum. As a result, it is difficult for the fireman to hold the hose. [COLOR="purple"]65) In the outer space astronauts talk to each other through radios. Why?[/COLOR] Ans: sound waves need a material medium for its propagation. There is no air in space and hence, sound waves cannot travel. However, radio waves can travel through space. The astronauts can see each other because light, like radio waves, can travel through vacuum. [COLOR="purple"]66) Sonar scanners are used by doctors. Explain.[/COLOR] Ans: sonar scanners send out ultrasonic waves, which are reflected by body tissue and organs. From the pattern of reflections, a computer can build up an image of the internal structure which is vital for diagnosis. [COLOR="purple"]67) Why the flash of lightning is seen before the sound of thunder is heard?[/COLOR] Ans: the velocity of light is much greater than that of the sound. Therefore, flash of lightning is seen before the sound of thunder is heard. [COLOR="purple"]68) Bats have poor eyesight but are able to home their prey with great accuracy. Also, dolphins can avoid fishing nets and can detect fish at night. Explain[/COLOR] Ans: Bats emit high frequency (1, 20,000 Hz) sound waves and listen with their sensitive ears for any echoes. From the time taken to hear the echo and from the nature of sound received. Bats are able to estimate the distance and the type of surroundings. This process is known as echolocation. Same process is used by the dolphins. [COLOR="purple"]69) When low flying aircraft passes overhead, we sometimes notice a slight disturbance on our TV screen. Why is it so?[/COLOR] Ans: a low flying aircraft reflects TV signal. Due to the interference between the direct signal and the reflected signal, there is disturbance on the TV screen. [COLOR="purple"]70) In automobiles, why are convex mirrors used to see the traffic from behind?[/COLOR] Ans: Convex mirrors are used in automobiles because they form erect and diminished images of the object. Thus, it helps the drivers to get a wider field of view of the traffic coming from behind. [COLOR="purple"]71) Why is mirage formes in the deserts?[/COLOR] Ans: A mirage is formed owing to total internal reflection. To the observer at a distance, the reflected image of the object appears behind the reflecting surface, as if the object were in front of it, but actually it is just an illusion. [COLOR="purple"]72) What will be the colour of grass in blue light?[/COLOR] Ans: Grass will appear blackish in colour in blue light because it has the property of absorbing all other colours except its own colour. The blue rays falling on grass will be absorbed by it, and it will appear dark coloured. [COLOR="purple"]73) A bird perches on a bare high power line and nothing happens to it. A man standing on the ground touches the same line and gets a fatal shock. Why?[/COLOR] Ans: When bird perches on a live high power line, no current passes through the body of bird because there is no potential difference between live wire and the body of bird as the potential of bird’s body is the same as that of wire. When a man standing on the ground touches the same wire then due to a large potential difference between his hands and feet, a large current flows through his body to the earth. [COLOR="purple"]74) During lightning it is safest to be inside a car rather than under a tree or in the open. Give reason.[/COLOR] Ans: When a person is in the open or under the tree, the lightning passes through his body to the earth. On the other hand, for a person inside a car, the car provider shielding and the electric field inside the car is zero, thus lightning does not affect the person inside it. The lightning actually passes through the metallic body of the car to the earth without affecting the person sitting inside it. [COLOR="purple"]75) Why is earthing desirable for electric appliances?[/COLOR] Ans: Earthing helps the current move into the earth in the event of short-circuit, without giving a shock to the user. [COLOR="purple"]76) Why does a perspiring man feel relief when air flows by his side?[/COLOR] Ans: The air flowing by the side of a perspiring man quickens the pace of evaporation of perspiration from the body of that person, and the resultant loss of heat from his body causes the cooling sensation which provides relief to him. [COLOR="Purple"]77) Why is magnet always made of soft iron?[/COLOR] Ans: Magnet is always made of soft iron because ‘magnetisation’ and ‘demagnetisation’ both are possible in soft iron. [COLOR="purple"]78) Why are telephone wires between two poles kept loose?[/COLOR] Ans: Telephone wires are kept loose between two poles so that they are protected from being broken due to expansion and contraction caused by the change of temperature in summers and winters. [COLOR="purple"]79) X-rays penetrate through the flesh but not through bones. Why?[/COLOR] Ans: The penetrating power of X-rays depends upon the potential difference between the cathode and the anode of X-ray tube. The X-rays produced can penetrate through light element like flesh of human body but they are unable to penetrate through heavier elements like bones. [COLOR="purple"]80) What is a black hole? Why is it called so?[/COLOR] Ans: A black hole is a super dense planetary material formed due to the death of a star of mass more than five solar masses. It is called black hole because any particle or photon approaching its surface is just swallowed by it. It appears black, as radiation is neither emitted nor reflected by it. [COLOR="purple"]81) Why do water pipes burst in severe cold winters?[/COLOR] Ans: Water freezes in pipes during winters, when the temperature goes below 0 degree Celsius (i.e., freezing point of water). It expands and in the process exerts pressure on the water pipes, thereby sometimes bursting them. [COLOR="purple"]82) Most aircrafts and ships have their front shape pointed. Why?[/COLOR] Ans: The shape of many objects, viz. aeroplanes, rockets, ships, etc. moving through air or water, are designed in such a way that friction can be reduced between the objects and air/water. Such type of body is known as streamlined and the process is known as streamlining. [COLOR="purple"]83) An athlete runs some distance before taking jump, why?[/COLOR] Ans: An athlete runs a certain distance before actually jumping in order to increase his speed, and thereby, his inertia of motion. This increased inertia of motion enables him to jump a longer distance. [COLOR="purple"]84) It is difficult to drown in the Dead Sea. Why?[/COLOR] Ans: The water of Dead Sea has a salt content of 27%. Therefore, its density is much greater than that of ordinary sea water and it also offers a greater upthrust. Hence, the body weighs less than an equal volume of Dead Sea water and is thus, able to float. [COLOR="purple"]85) Why aquatic animals have soft skeleton unlike those of the terrestrial animals?[/COLOR] Ans: The density of animals and fish living in water is almost the same as the density of water. Therefore, their weight is almost completely balanced by buoyancy. That is why they do not need massive skeleton like those of terrestrial animals. [COLOR="purple"]86) Why does a swimming pool appear less deep than it really is?[/COLOR] Ans: When rays of light start from the bottom of a pool and travel from water to air, they are refracted away from the normal because they travel from a denser medium to a rarer medium. As a result, a virtual image of bottom is formed above the bottom. Hence, a swimming pool appears less deep than it really is. [COLOR="purple"]87) Why is electrical wiring in parallel better?[/COLOR] Ans: electrical wiring in parallel is better because all the lines will have the same potential difference and if one line gets fused the other lines remain unaffected. [COLOR="purple"]88) It is easier to swim in sea water than in river water. Explain.[/COLOR] Ans: The density of sea water is more than that of the river water. Therefore, the weight of sea water displaced by the swimmer is more. Thus, buoyant force of upthrust on the swimmer increases, making it easier to swim in sea water. [COLOR="purple"]89) A cold compress is applied on the forehead of a person suffering from high fever. Why?[/COLOR] Ans: Evaporation causes cooling. As the water evaporates, it absorbs heat from the forehead and helps in reducing the temperature. [COLOR="purple"]90) A man with a load his head jumps from a high building. What will be the load experienced by him.[/COLOR] Ans: Zero, because the acceleration of his fall is equal to the acceleration due to gravity of the earth. [COLOR="purple"]91) Why is spring made of steel and not copper?[/COLOR] Ans: The elasticity of steel is greater than that of copper. [COLOR="purple"]92) Why is it easier to spray water to which soap is added?[/COLOR] Ans: Addition of soap decreases the surface tension of water. The energy for spray is directly proportional to surface tension. [COLOR="purple"]93) A piece of chalk when immersed in water, emits bubbles. Why?[/COLOR] Ans: Chalk consists of pores forming capillaries. When it is immersed in water, the water begins to rise in the capillaries and air present there is expelled in the form of bubbles. [COLOR="purple"]94) Why does a liquid remain hot or cold for a long time inside a thermo flask?[/COLOR] Ans: Because of the presence of air, which is poor conductor of heat, in between the double glass walls of a thermos flask. [COLOR="purple"]95) Why is the boiling point of sea water more than that of pure water?[/COLOR] Ans: Sea water contains salts and other impurities with different points which jointly rise its boiling point. [COLOR="purple"]96) Why is it recommended to add salt in water while boiling grams?[/COLOR] Ans: By addition of salt the boiling point of water gets which helps in cooking. [COLOR="purple"]97) Why is soft iron used as an electromagnet?[/COLOR] Ans: Because it remains magnetic only till the current passes through the coil and loses its magnetism when the current is switched off (principle of electric bells) [COLOR="purple"]98) Why does ink leak out of a partially filled pen when taken to a high altitude?[/COLOR] Ans: As we go up the pressure and the density of air go on decreasing. Partially filled pen leaks when taken to a higher altitude because the pressure of air acting on the ink inside the tube of the pen is greater than the pressure of air outside. [COLOR="purple"]99) Why does some liquids burn while others do not?[/COLOR] Ans: A liquid burns if its molecules can combine with oxygen of the air with the production of heat. Hence, oil burns but water does not. [COLOR="purple"]100) Oil and water do not mix. Why?[/COLOR] Ans: i) Molecules of oil are not bigger than that of water and therefore do not mix easily. ii) Molecules of water are polar, i.e. they have opposite charges at two ends whereas oil molecules do not; as a consequence they tend to stay away from water molecule. [/B] |
[B][U][CENTER][FONT="Georgia"][SIZE="5"][COLOR="Purple"]DIFFERENCES FROM PAST PAPERS (1994)[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/CENTER][/U][/B]
[B]1. Artery & Vein[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Artery[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Arteries are blood vessels which transport blood away from the heart. ii) Arteries have thick vascular walls. iii) The inside bore or lumen of arteries is narrow. iv) Arteries carry oxygenated blood with the exception of pulmonary artery. v) The walls of arteries are more elastic. vi) The blood is under great pressure in the arteries. vii) Arteries are generally deeply placed. viii) Arteries end in the capillaries. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Vein:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Veins are the blood vessels which always carry blood towards heart. ii) Veins have thin muscular walls. iii) The inside bore or lumen of veins is wide. iv) Veins carry deoxygenated blood with the exception of pulmonary veins. v) The walls of veins are less elastic. vi) The blood is under less pressure in the veins. vii) Veins are generally superficially placed. viii) Veins start from the capillaries. [B]2. PNP and NPN Transistor[/B] 1. NPN has higher electron mobility than PNP. Therefore, NPN bipolar transistors are often more favoured than PNP transistors. 2. NPN is easier to create from silicon than PNP. 3. The main difference of NPN and PNP is the base. One is just the opposite of the other. 4. With the NPN, a P-dope semiconductor is the base, while with the PNP, the ‘base’ is a N-dope semiconductor. [B]3. Electronic & Static Electricity[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Electronic Electricity[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) This is electricity in motion. ii) It involves flow of electrons. iii) It has high voltage. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Static Electricity:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) This is electricity at rest. ii) It does not involve flow of electrons. iii) It has low voltage. [B]4. Concave & Convex Lens[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Concave Lens[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) It is the lens which is narrower in the centre and broader towards the corners. ii) When a beam of light strikes a concave lens all the rays after passing through it diverge. iii) It gives mostly virtual image. iv) They are also called diverging lenses. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Convex Lens:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) It is the lens which is narrower towards the corners and broader towards the centre. ii) When a beam of light strikes a convex lens all the rays after passing through it converge at a single point. iii) Mostly real images are formed except when the ray of light passes through it when object is palced between optical centre and focus. iv) They are also called converging lenses. [B]5. Absorption & Adsorption[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Absorption[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Absorption is a process in which a substance takes up another substance, such as blotting paper (solid) absorbing water (a liquid). OR Adsorption and absorption are two different things. Absorption is the chemical integration of one chemical into another. When you drink a glass of water, you are absorbing it, as the water becomes part of you. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Adsorption:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Adsorption is a process in which a substance adheres to the surface of another substance. Adsorption is important in some types of catalysis, notably where gases adsorb on metal surfaces. The reaction is then made easier by a consequent lowering of activation energy. OR Adsorption occurs when one substance holds another via physical bonds. If you spill a glass of water on your shirt, it is adsorbed as the fibres will hold the water until heat dries out the shirt. [B]6. Fats & Oils[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Fats[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) are solid at room temperature ii) made by animals, mostly iii) are more saturated [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Oils:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) are liquid at room temperature ii) are made by plants, mostly iii) are less saturated |
[B][U][CENTER][FONT="Georgia"][SIZE="5"][COLOR="Purple"]DIFFERENCES FROM PAST PAPERS (1995)[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/CENTER][/U][/B]
[B]1. Hypoglycaemia & Hyperglycaemia[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Hypoglycaemia:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) The fall in sugar level in the blood below the normal physiologic level known as Hypoglycaemia. Normal physiologic range of sugar in blood is 60-90mg% at fasting and 120-140 mg% at random. ii) It is treated by giving intravenous glucose. iii) It causes mental confusion, visual problem and often coma etc. iv) It causes weakness and increases in food desire. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Hyperglycaemia:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Hyperglycaemia is a condition in which blood sugar level rise above its normal range. ii) It is treated by exercise, medicine or by intravenous insulin therapy. iii) It causes weakness, calf pain, unhealed wounds and kidney problem. iv) It causes excessive urination, dryness of lips and increased thirst etc. [B]2. Epidemic & Endemic[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Epidemic:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) If at one place and times a great number of people suffer from a disease is known as epidemic. ii) It can travel from one place to another. iii) Examples: Influenza, Smallpox, Cholera etc. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Endemic:[/COLOR] [/U][/B] i) If a disease persists in a particular locality, certain area or one region, it is known as endemic disease. ii) It cannot travel from one place to another place. iii) Example: Goitre in iodine deficient areas. [B]3. Herbivores & Carnivores[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Herbivores[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) The animals eating green plants, grass and fodder are known as Herbivores. ii) Animals have specific digestive system to digest leaves, plants and fodder. iii) The teeth are specifically designed to cut and chew leaves, plants and fodder. iv) Jaw movement is specific for side motion. v) Examples: goats, cattle, sheep, buffalo, cow etc. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Carnivores[/COLOR][/U][/B]: i) The animals eating flesh and meat are known as carnivores. ii) Digestive enzymes are specific. iii) Their teeth are short and to cut and chew leaves, plants pointed especially for flesh eating. iv) Jaw movement is specific for up and down movement. v) Examples: Tiger, dog, cat, lion etc. [B]4. Respiration & Photosynthesis[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Respiration[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Respiration is a catabolic process in which compounds are broken down. ii) In this process carbohydrates are broken down into simpler compounds. iii) The end-products for this process are CO2 and H2O. iv) In respiration Oxygen enters the plant body and CO2 is released. v) It occurs during both day and night. Light is not necessary for this process. vi) In respiration energy is released from food material. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Photosynthesis[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) It is an anabolic process in which compounds are formed. ii) In this process carbohydrates are manufactured. iii) The end-product of this process is simple carbohydrates. iv) In photosynthesis CO2 enters the plant and O2 is released. v) It occurs during day time only. Light is essential for this process. vi) It is energy consuming process. [B]5. Pollination & Fertilization[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Pollination[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) It is a process involving transfer of pollens form male reproductive organ to female reproductive organ of plants. ii) It occurs in flowering plants. iii) The products of pollination are seed. iv) It takes place through animals, birds, insects, wind and water. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Fertilization:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) In fertilization fusion of egg and sperm occurs. ii) It occurs markedly in animals. iii) The product of fertilization is zygote. iv) It takes place by physical contact and mating of male and female. |
[B][U][CENTER][FONT="Georgia"][SIZE="5"][COLOR="Purple"]DIFFERENCES FROM PAST PAPERS (1996)[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/CENTER][/U][/B]
[B]1. Thermoplastics & Thermosetting Plastics[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Thermoplastics[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Plastics that can be melted again and again are known as thermoplastics. ii) They behave just like wax. iii) These plastics can be shaped again and again. iv) Examples: Nylon, PVC, Teflon etc. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Thermosetting Plastics:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Plastics that can be melted only once are known as thermosetting plastics. ii) They become hard after melting. iii) These plastics cannot be shaped again and again. iv) Examples: Polyesters and Bakelite. [B]2. Lunar & Solar Eclipse[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Lunar Eclipse[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) It occurs when the earth comes between moon and sun. ii) Moon goes through series of partial eclipses when moon comes out of umbral region of earth’s shadow. iii) Earth lies in umbral region at total eclipse when earth lies exactly between moon and sun and its shadow covers the whole moon. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Solar Eclipse[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) It occurs when moon comes between earth and sun. ii) Partial eclipse of sun occurs as in Penumbra can see a part of the sun. iii) At the total eclipse of the sun, the shadow of moon which it throws on earth consists of an umbra and penumbra people on earth who are in umbral region cannot see the sun. [B]3. Asteroid & Meteorite[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Asteroid:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) The small rocky objects which are orbiting the sun between orbits of Mars and Jupiter are known as asteroids. ii) Its origin is concentrated to the remains of planets that fell apart. iii) Asteroid means star like but these are known as minor planets. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Meteorite:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Tiny chunk of material floating in space, which can also enter the earth’s atmosphere and become meteor are known as meteorites. ii) It may originate by the disintegration of comet. iii) A falling star (Meteor) is seen as a streak of light in sky. [B]4. Renewable & Non-renewable resources[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Renewable Resources[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Renewable resources are used continuously and can be used again and again. ii) Major examples are: air, water, soil, wildlife, forests, fish etc. iii) These resources support millions of people all over the world. iv) Renewable resources are constantly renewed by bio-geochemical cycles of nature. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Non-renewable Resources[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Non-renewable resources cannot be used again and again after their consumption. ii) Major examples include: Coal, oil, natural gas etc. iii) These resources cannot support millions of people all over the world. iv) Non-renewable resources are being exhausted day by day because their demand rises. Due to worldwide demand of fossil fuels, its supplies are declining. [B][U][COLOR="purple"][SIZE="4"]OR[/SIZE][/COLOR][/U][/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Renewable resources- [/COLOR][/U][/B] 1) the resources that can be renewed by reproduction are called renewable resources. 2) Renewable resources are inexhaustible. 3) Renewable resources are not affected by the human activities. 4) All biotic resources are renewable. 5) For example: air and water. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Non-renewable resources-[/COLOR][/U][/B] 1) the resources that are present in fixed quantities are called non-renewable resources. 2) Non-renewable resources are inexhaustible. 3) Non-renewable resources are affected by human activities. 4) Some abiotic resources are non-renewable. 5) For example- fossil fuels and minerals. [B]5. Endothermic & Exothermic Reaction[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Exothermic Reaction[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Energy is drawn in from the external environment, causing its surroundings to loose heat, or "cool down." ii) The endothermic chemical reaction creates a product that has a higher energy level than the original materials, causing the reactant's stored energy to decrease. (In scientific terms, the reactants have "less total enthalpy" than the product.) iii) The resulting product of the reaction is less stable because, the higher the energy bond, the less strength its molecules possess. iv) Most endothermic reactions are not spontaneous. v) Example: Melting ice. In order for ice to melt, it needs to draw in the heat (energy) from its surroundings. The ice becomes less stable as it responds to the increased heat. The ice stored energy decreases. The end product is water, which has a higher energy level than the ice. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Exothermic Reactions[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Exothermic chemical reactions cause their surroundings to warm up by giving off heat. ii) The reactants contain more stored energy than the product because energy from external sources is not required, but given off. This gives the product more stability due to the lower amount of energy needed. (In this case, the reactants have a "greater total enthalpy" than the product.) iii) Exothermic reactions are usually spontaneous. iv) Example lighting a match. When the head of the match is struck, it results in the spontaneous release of stored energy (heat) from the reactants into the surroundings. The flame that is produced has a lower level of energy than the match and the striking surface because the reaction is giving off stored energy and not required to draw energy in from its surroundings. [B]6. Star & Planet[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Star[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Stars are self-luminous heavenly bodies. ii) They do not revolve around the sun. iii) They are usually stationary. iv) Examples: fixed stars, binary stars. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Planet:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Planets are rocky non-luminous bodies. ii) They revolve round the sun. iii) They usually move. iv) Examples: Mercury, Venus, Jupiter etc. [B]7. Nuclear Fission & Fusion[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Fission:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Lighter atoms are fused together at a very high temperature to form heavier elements. ii) It is difficult to carry out on the earth. iii) It has no nuclear waste problem. iv) It requires cheaper and abundant elements. v) Not possible at concerning scale as high temperature is needed to start it. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Fusion:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Heavier unstable atoms are broken down to produce energy. ii) It is easy to carry out on the earth. iii) It has nuclear waste radioactivity disposal problem. iv) It requires expensive and rare elements. v) Possible to commercialize under controlled measure. |
[CENTER][B][U][SIZE="5"][FONT="Georgia"][COLOR="Purple"]DIFFERENCES FROM PAST PAPERS (1997)[/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][/U][/B][/CENTER]
[B]1. RAM & ROM[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]RAM[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) It stands for random access memory. ii) It is an optical disc, where data and information is stored permanently. iii) RAM is the primary storage media. iv) RAM is the primary storage device from which the system boots. v) RAM is stored on RAM chip. vi) The data or information stored on it can be written on or it can be erased. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]ROM[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) It stands for read only memory. ii) It is that part of CPU, where temporary information is stored. iii) RIOM is the secondary storage media. iv) System does not boot from ROM. v) ROM is stored on a compact disc. vi) The data or information stored on it neither be written on, nor it can be erased. [B][U]2. BIT & BYTE[/U][/B] A bit is defined as: a single basic unit of information, used in connection with computers and electronic communication. All modern computers store and use data in digital form. The smallest unit of storage and measurement is one binary digit, therefore its name. A byte, pronounced ‘bite’, is the next size up basic unit of measurement for information storage, usually consisting of eight bits. These 8 bits are grouped together to form a byte that is, a total or 8 grouped bits representing one character of data. Therefore, so far we have two basic units of measuring digital information storage that have different capacities, they are: • 1 Bit • 8 Bits equal 1 Byte [B]3. CU & ALU[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]CU[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) It stands for Control Unit. ii) Control unit controls overall activates of computer. iii) CU does not perform the functions of calculations. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]ALU[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) It stands for arithmetic logic unit. ii) It performs arithmetic and logical operations. iii) ALU performs functions of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. [B]4. Hardware & Software[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Hardware:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) All the physical components of computer which can be touched, measured have weight and occupy space are collectively called computer hardware etc. ii) Examples of hardware are: keyboard, mouse, joy stick, scanner, printer, CPU etc. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Software:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Software can be defined as a set of instructions and codes written in a defined manner. In other words software are pre-written programs, which control the operation of computer. ii) Examples of software are; DOS, windows, UNIX, XENIX, Linus, JAVA, Oracle, Antivirus etc. [B]5. PC/Minicomputers & Mainframe computers[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]PC:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) It is a small computer based on microprocessor. ii) One user can use it at a time. iii) These are very low priced computers. An individual can afford it. iv) User friendly software are used to operate this computer. v) Minicomputers were launched in 1959 by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) vi) Minicomputers are also made by Data General, Hewlett-Packard & IBM [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Mainframe Computers:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) The largest computers called mainframe computers are the oldest category of computer system. ii) They are capable of great processing speed and data storage. iii) These are always kept in air-cooled rooms. iv) They are mainly used in banks, airlines and industrial companies. |
Some corrections
[B]10)It is not advisable to sleep under trees during the night.[/B]
CO2 is not poisonous. It is not advisable because it can cause dizziness. (Note: The only damage CO2 can cause is asphyxiation which happens when there is no oxygen to breath. I don't think it is possible to have 100 % CO2 under a tree :P) [B]100) Oil and water do not mix. Why?[/B] I doubt your first reason because molecules of oil are indeed bigger than molecules of water. Write instead this: I) The specific gravity of oil is less than 1 OR I) the density of oil is less than that of water. [B]90) A man with a load his head jumps from a high building. What will be the load experienced by him.[/B] The reason is that the weight (Man + his load) equals air resistance. [B]705 Mercury has the smallest diameter.[/B] Atomic diameter? It's Hydrogen, not Mercury. |
[QUOTE=chemguy;372486][B]
[B]705 Mercury has the smallest diameter.[/B] Atomic diameter? It's Hydrogen, not Mercury.[/QUOTE] Its about mercury planet not for mercury atom... |
[B][U][CENTER][FONT="Georgia"][SIZE="5"][COLOR="Purple"]DIFFERENCES FROM PAST PAPERS (1998)[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/CENTER][/U][/B]
[B]1. Email & Snail Mail[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Snail mail:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) "Snail mail" is a term used to refer to mail that is sent in the traditional way — through the postal service — rather than by email, fax, or other electronic means of communication. ii) It is called "snail mail" because it can be very slow, as is a snail. Snail mail generally takes 2 or 3 days to go from origin to destination, if not many more, iii) Snail mail has gone out of fashion for simple letters, though it is still necessary for sending packages, or legal documents that require signatures. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Email:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Email is electronic mail which is very quick means of communication through computers and telephone line. ii) Email can be sent instantly. iii) With email, a message is sent directly from a user's mail program to another person's email address. Though many email messages simply contain words, they may also include photos or other digital files, such as songs, or links to websites. [B]2. Apes & Monkeys[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Apes:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Apes do not have tail. ii) Apes have rounded nasal openings. iii) Apes generally have bigger brains and larger bodies than monkeys. iv) Apes do not have web foot. v) Apes are bigger in size. vi) Apes are: Humans, Chimps, Gorillas, Orangutans and Gibbons. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Monkeys[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Monkeys have tails. ii) Monkeys have slanted nasal openings. iii) Monkeys have web foot. iv) Monkeys are smaller in terms of size v) Monkeys are all primates non-apes and non-prosimians (lemurs) [B]3. Hydrostatics & Hydrodynamics[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Hydrostatics:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Hydrostatics is a branch of science which deals with physical behaviour of liquids at rest. ii) The consideration of liquids at rest, involves problems of buoyancy and flotation, pressure on dams and submerged devices, and hydraulic presses. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Hydrodynamics:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Hydrodynamics is the branch of science which deals with behaviour of liquids in motion. ii) The study of liquids in motion is concerned with such matters as friction and turbulence generated in pipes by flowing liquids, the flow of water over weirs and through nozzles, and the use of hydraulic pressure in machinery. [B]4. Comet & Meteor[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Comet:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Comet is a collection of gas, dust, and volatile ice that travel around the sun, generally in very eccentric orbit. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Meteor:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Meteor is a streak of light seen in the night sky signify the burning up in earth’s atmosphere of inter-planetary material. [B]5. Barrage & Dam[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Barrage:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Barrages are constructed not at a much height but at a low height. ii) Barrages are single purpose constructions i.e. for irrigation. iii) Electricity cannot be produced in barrages. iv) It is constructed on plains. v) Sukkur barrage is an example. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Dam:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Dams are constructed at higher elevation or at a height. ii) Dam is multipurpose. It acts as reservoir, control flood, and for irrigation. iii) Dam is constructed to generate electricity. iv) It is impossible at ground level. v) Tarbella dam is an example. |
[B][U][CENTER][FONT="Georgia"][SIZE="5"][COLOR="Purple"]DIFFERENCES FROM PAST PAPERS (1998 & 99)[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/CENTER][/U][/B]
[B]6. Isotopes & Isobars[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Isotopes:[/COLOR][/U][/B] These are the elements having same atomic number but different mass number. They have the same atomic number because the number of protons inside their nuclei remains the same. The difference in their mass number is due to the difference in their number of neutrons. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Isobars [/COLOR][/U][/B] Where Isotopes are chemically the same and physically different, the converse is true in Isobars. That is isobars are elements, which are chemically different but physically the same. So, isobars are atoms of different elements having the same atomic mass but different atomic number. Since their number of electrons is different, their chemical properties are different. The light nuclei have unstable isobars. Heavy nuclei have stable isobars and these occur in pairs. Suppose the number of protons of one isobar matches with that of another they are called as mirror-nuclides of each other. [B]7. Autopsy & Biopsy[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Autopsy:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) An autopsy is the dissection and analysis of a dead subject. ii) , autopsies are limited to the deceased and there are two kinds of autopsy; External examination and internal examination. iii) Autopsy is performed for medico-legal purpose. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Biopsy:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) A biopsy is a medical test in which cells, tissue, or fluid is removed for examination. ii) Biopsy is not limited to only living people because they are routinely taken from organs that are going to be used for transplantation. iii) Autopsy is performed for diagnosis purpose. [B]8. Mitosis & Meiosis[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Mitosis:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Mitosis takes place within somatic cells (cells that make up the body). ii) One single division of the mother cell results in two daughter cells. iii) A mitotic mother cell can either be haploid or diploid. iv) The number of chromosomes per nucleus remains the same after division. v) It is preceded by a S-phase in which the amount of DNA is duplicated. vi) In mitosis, there is no pairing of homologous chromosomes. vii) There is no exchange of DNA (crossing-over) between chromosomes. viii) The centromeres split during anaphase. ix) The genotype of the daughter cells is identical to that of the mother cells. x) After mitosis, each daughter cell has exactly same DNA strands. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Meiosis:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Meiosis takes place within gamete cells (sex cells). ii) Two divisions of the mother cell result in four meiotic products or haploid gametes. iii) A meiotic mother cell is always diploid. iv) The meiotic products contain a haploid (n) number of chromosomes in contrast to the (2n) number of chromosomes in mother cell. v) In meiosis, only meiosis I is preceded by a S-phase. vi) During prophase I, complete pairing of all homologous chromosomes takes place. vii) There is at least one crossing-over or DNA exchange per homologous pair of chromosomes. viii) The centromeres do separate during anaphase II, but not during anaphase I. ix) Meiotic products differ in their genotype from the mother cell. x) After meiosis, each daughter cell has only half of the DNA strands. [B]9. Hard water & Heavy Water[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Hard Water:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Hard water is that type of water which does not form lather easily. ii) Its formula is H2O. iii) Hard water is not used in nuclear power plants. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Heavy Water[/COLOR][/U][/B]: i) Heavy water is deuterium oxide in which hydrogen of water is replaced by its heavier isotope, Deuterium. ii) The formula of heavy water is D2O. iii) Heavy water is used in nuclear power plants. [B]10. Climate & Weather[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Climate:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Climate is the normal weather conditions for an area during a season or a year. ii) Climate of an area is described by means of an average means of an average of the statistics of the various weather factors over a period of time, normally 30-years. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Weather:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at any one place and time. ii) Weather is described by air, temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, cloud amount and precipitation, sunshine and visibility. |
[B][U][CENTER][FONT="Georgia"][SIZE="5"][COLOR="Purple"]DIFFERENCES FROM PAST PAPERS (2000 & 2001)[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/CENTER][/U][/B]
[B]1. Cardiac & Skeletal Muscles:[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Cardiac Muscles:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Cardiac muscles are present in the heart only. ii) They have centrally placed nuclei. iii) They never fatigue. iv) They are composed of long fibres. v) They are under involuntary control. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Skeletal Muscles:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Skeletal muscles are present in the skeleton of the body. ii) Nuclei are not centrally placed in skeletal muscle. iii) They can fatigue. iv) They are not composed of long fibres. v) They are under voluntary control. [B]2. Haze & Smog[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Haze:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) The dust particle smoke etc. that may be visible in atmosphere close to the earth’s surface is known as Haze. ii) It does not affect natural visibility. iii) It does not occur particularly near coastal areas. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Smog:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) It is a mixture of solid and liquid fog as well as particles of smoke. It is formed when humidity is high. ii) Smog reduces visibility. iii) It occurs near coastal areas. [B]3. Enzyme & Hormone[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Enzyme:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) These are organic catalysts produced in the protoplasm of all living cells. ii) These are mostly protein in nature. iii) They control all biochemical reactions of the cell. iv) These are present in all cells and show their activity there. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Hormone:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) These are organic substances produced in places away from their functional sites. ii) These are mostly acids. iii) They promote and inhibit growth, flowering, sex expression, etc. v) These are mobile. They are produced at one site and show their activities at other sites. [B]4. Igneous & Sedimentary Rocks[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Igneous Rocks:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Igneous rocks are formed when magma (or molten rocks) has cooled down and solidified. ii) Igneous rocks are commonly found inside the Earth’s crust or mantle, iii) Igneous rocks can be an important source of minerals, iv) Examples of Igneous rocks include granite and basalt. [B][B][U][COLOR="purple"]Sedimentary Rocks:[/COLOR][/U][/B][/B] i) Sedimentary rocks are formed by the accumulation of other eroded substances, ii) Sedimentary rocks are usually found in water bodies (sea, oceans etc.). iii) Sedimentary rocks, or their bedding structure, are mostly used in civil engineering; for the construction of housing, roads, tunnels, canals etc. iv) Examples of Sedimentary rocks include shale, limestone and sandstone. [CENTER][B][U][COLOR="purple"][SIZE="4"] OR[/SIZE][/COLOR][/U][/B][/CENTER] [B]What is the difference between [COLOR="purple"]Igneous Rocks[/COLOR] and [COLOR="purple"]Sedimentary Rocks?[/COLOR][/B] - Igneous rocks are formed from molten liquid minerals called magma, while sedimentary rocks are formed from lithification (cementing, compacting and hardening) of existing rocks. - Igneous rocks are non-porous for water, while sedimentary rocks are porous to the water. That is water cannot penetrate through igneous rocks but can through sedimentary rocks. - Igneous rocks are having fossils very rarely, while sedimentary rocks are rich in fossils. - Igneous rocks are harder than sedimentary rocks. - Tendency to react with acids is higher to sedimentary rocks when compared to igneous rocks. - Igneous rocks may be light or dark coloured, while sedimentary rocks have great colour variety. [B]5. Producers & Consumers[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Producers:[/COLOR][/U][/B] Producers are organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis or other reactions and are a food source for other organisms (ex. plants, extremophile benthos communities). [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Consumers: [/COLOR][/U][/B] Consumers are organisms that ingest other organisms, like plants, in order to gain energy (ex. herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, and detrivores). [B]6. Microcomputer & Minicomputer[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Microcomputer:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) A microcomputer is a standard desktop computer used at a home and in business. ii) A microcomputer is a computer with a microprocessor as its CPU. iii) They are cheap, compact and can be easily accommodated on a study table. iv) Microcomputer is a single-user computer. v) The two most common types of storage devices used with microcomputers are tapes and disks. vi) Microcomputer is not powerful or as fast as minicomputer. -vii) Examples are- Modern computers like desktop, laptop etc. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Minicomputer:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Minicomputers are mid-sized computer used in universities, research labs and small corporations. ii) Minicomputers are faster than microcomputers. iii) They are expensive and larger than microcomputer. iv) Minicomputer is a multi-user computer. v) For secondary storage, most minicomputers use magnetic disks or tapes. vi) Minicomputer is powerful than microcomputer but not as super computer and mainframe computer. vii) Examples are- IBM 9375, Motorola 68040 etc. [B]7. Mainframe & Super Computers[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Mainframe Computers:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) The largest computers called mainframe computers are the oldest category of computer system. ii) They are capable of great processing speed and data storage. iii) These are always kept in air-cooled rooms. iv) They are mainly used in banks, airlines and industrial companies. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Super Computers:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) The super computers are fastest of all computers. ii) It was invented by two brothers Gregory and David in New York. iii) These computers have high capacity to work. iv) These also require air-conditioned rooms. v) The super computers are mainly used in a) Automotive engineering b) Modelling nuclear explosion c) Aeroplane designing d) Oil exploration e) Weather forecasting etc. [B]8. RAM & Cache Memory[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]RAM[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) It stands for random access memory. ii) It is an optical disc, where data and information is stored permanently. iii) RAM is the primary storage media. iv) RAM is the primary storage device from which the system boots. v) RAM is stored on RAM chip. vi) The data or information stored on it can be written on or it can be erased. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Cache Memory:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) Cache memory is a special high speed memory that the CPU can access quickly. ii) It is used in computers with very fast CPUs, so that these CPUs don’t have to wait for Data to be delivered from RAM. iii) The most frequently used instructions are kept in the cache memory. iv) This allows the CPU to run faster because it does not have to take time to swap instructions in and out of RAM. |
[B][U][CENTER][FONT="Georgia"][SIZE="5"][COLOR="Purple"]DIFFERENCES FROM PAST PAPERS (2002)[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/CENTER][/U][/B]
1. [B]Rotation & Revolution Of Earth:[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Rotation Of Earth:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) it is the movement of the earth in which the earth makes rotation around its axis. ii) Rotation of the earth occurs from West to East. iii) The main effect of the rotation of the earth is the formation of days and nights. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Revolution Of Earth[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) it is the movement of the earth, in which the earth makes revolution around the sun. ii) Revolution of the earth occurs in counter clockwise direction or from right to left. iii) The main effect of the revolution of the earth is the change of seasons. [B]2. Dicot & Monocot Stem[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Dicot Stem:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) In dicot stem pericycle is broken. ii) There are few vascular bundles. iii) The vascular bundles are open. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Monocot Stem:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) In monocot stem pericycle is not broken. ii) there are many vascular bundles. iii) The vascular bundles are closed. [B]3. Pollination & Fertilization (already described in paper 1995)[/B] [B]4. Penumbra & Umbra[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Penumbra:[/COLOR][/U][/B] The term relates to the solar and lunar eclipse. When during its revolution, the moon comes between the sun and the earth then solar eclipse takes place. A shadow is created. The outer shadow region in the eclipse is called penumbra. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Umbra:[/COLOR][/U][/B] Similarly, when the solar eclipse takes place, two regions of shadow are created. Out of these the dark inner shadow region is called Umbra. [B]5. Nucleus & Nucleolus[/B] [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Nucleus:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) The nucleus is the main organelle. ii) It is mostly present in the centre of the cell. iii) It is membrane bound. iv) The nucleus contains DNA. v) It contains hereditary material in the form of chromosome and genes and controls all the activities of the cell. [B][U][COLOR="purple"]Nucleolus:[/COLOR][/U][/B] i) The nucleolus is a sub-organelle. ii) It is present in nucleus. iii) It is non-membrane bound. iv) It contains RNA. v) It takes part in protein formation. |
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