Digital Glossary
 

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[B]Ac Adapter [/B]: External power supply, used by some external peripherals,that concert AC power in to DC power that the peripherals requires

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[B] Accelerated Graphics ports(AGP)-:[/B] Expensions bus designed by Intel to improve the speed with 3-D graphics and video transmit .

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Access providers[/B] : Business that provide individuals and companies access to the internet free or for a fee.

[B]Access Time :[/B] Measurement of the amount of time it takes the process to read data, instruction and information from the memory

[B]Accounting Software:[/B] Software's that helps companies record and report their financial transactions.

[B]Active-matrix Display :[/B] LCD monitors or screen technology that uses aseparate transistors to apply charges to each liquid crystal cell and thus display high quality color that is viewable from all angles.

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[B]Adapter:[/B] A circuit board that plugs into a computer and gives it additional capabilities.

[B]Adapter Card : [/B]Circuit board that enhances functions of a components of a system unit and provides connection to the peripherals.

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[B]Add on[/B] : Programs that extend the capability of a browser ; often used to enhance the multimedia

[B]Address :[/B] Unique number that identifies the location of a byte in memory .

[B]Address Book :[/B] List of names and e-mail addresses,created and stored by a user , also called contact folder.

[B]Address Bus :[/B] Types of bus (electrical channel) that transfer information about where data should reside in memory.

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[B]Advance Transfer Cache (ATC)[/B] : L2 cache built directly on the processor chip

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[B]Adware :[/B] Program that display an online advertisement in a banner or pop-up window on Web pages, e- mail, or other internet services.

[B]Ad-ware Remover[/B]: Programs that detects and delete ad-wares from the under computer.

[B]Air Mouse :[/B] Motion-sensing mouse that, in addition to the typical buttons , allows to control objects , media players and slides shows by moving the mouse in predetermined directions through the air.

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[B]Algorithm:[/B] A step-by-step procedure designed to solve a problem or achieve an objective.

[B]All in one devices :[/B] output devices that looks like a copy machine but provide the functionality of a printer ,scanner , copy machine and fax machine, also called Multifunction peripherals.

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[B]Allocation Unit : [/B]Smallest unit of disk space that store data and information.

[B]Alpha Testing:[/B] First-stage testing of computer products, typically done in house by the developer.

[B]Alphanumeric:[/B] Consisting of letters, numbers, and symbols

[B]Analog :[/B] Continuous signals or signal in wave form.

[B]Animated GIF [/B]: Animated techniques that combines several GIF images in a single GIF file .

[B]Anonymous FTP:- [/B]Features of many FTP sites whereby anyone can transfer some, if not all ,available files.

[B]Anti- spam Program:-[/B] Program that remove the spam before it reaches a user's inbox.

[B]Antivirus programs :[/B] Programs that protect a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer virus found in memory, on storage media and on incoming files.

[B]Applet :[/B] A small application, that is, a program designed to perform a simple task. An applet is usually embedded within a larger program or downloaded from the Internet when needed

[B]Application : [/B]A program designed to perform information processing tasks for a specific purpose or activity.

[B]Application Service provider (ASP) : [/B]Third party organization that manages and distributes software and services on web.

[B]Application Software :[/B] programs designed to make users more productive and assist them with personal tasks.

[B]Archive.[/B] files compressed for more efficient use of storage space.

[B]Archive CD:[/B] CD that stores photos from online photo center i.e jpg file format , usually at a maximum resolution of 7200 pixels per photo.

[B]Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU ) :[/B] Component of processor that perform arithmetic , comparison and other operations.

[B]Arithmetic operations : [/B]Basic calculation such as addition , subtraction, multiplication and division.

[B]Artificial intelligence (AI) :[/B] Computer systems that attempt to imitate human processes for analyzing and solving problems

[B]APRA :[/B] Advance Research Project Agency : Agency of the U.S Department of Defense that built an early computer network called ARPANET .

[B]ARPANET :[/B] Network developed by the Pentagon's Advance Research Project Agency that linked scientific and academic researcher across the United States.

[B]ASCII : [/B]American Standard Code for information Interchange ; it is seven bit code and most widely used coding system to represent data .

[B]Aspect Ratio[/B] : Defines a display 's width relative to its height.

[B]Assembler :[/B] program that translates from a symbolic version of instructions into a binary version. The symbolic language that the assembler translates is called assembly language.

[B]Atom :[/B] Specification sometime used by content exaggerators to distribute contents.

[B]Audio :[/B] Music, speech or any other sound .

[B]Audio editing Software : [/B]Applications software that allows a user to modify audio chips , produce studio- quality sound tracks and ad audio to video clips.

[B]Audio Input :[/B] Process of entering any sound , such as speech ,music and sound effects , into the computer.

[B]Automatic Teller Machine (ATM)[/B] : Special - Purpose terminal, connected to host computer through a network that functions as a self- service banking machine

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[B]Back Up :[/B]To make a copy of selected files or a entire hard disk to another storage media , can be used if the original is lost damage or destroyed.

[B]Background :[/B] Programs that are running but not in use.

[B]Background printing.[/B] The ability of a computer to print a document while other work is being done on the keyboard and the display screen at the same time.

[B]Backup Utilities : [/B] Programs that allows the users to copy or bachup the selected files or entire disk to another media , which can be used if original lost.

[B]Band printer:[/B] Line printer that prints fully formed characters when hammers strikes a horizontal , rotating band that contains shapes of numbers ,letters of the alphabets and other characters.

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[B]Bandwidth :[/B] The volume of information that a network can handle; usually expressed in bits per second.

[B]Bar code :[/B] Identification code consisting of either vertical lines and spaces of different widths or a two dimensinal patterns of dots ,square and other images that represent a manufacturar and an item.

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[B]Bar Code Reader/Bar Code Scanners :[/B] Optical reader that uses LASER beam to read the bar code by using light patterns that passes thriugh the bar code lines.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/BarCodeReaderBarCodeScanners.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Basic Input/ output System (BIOS) :[/B]Firmware or program stored in read-only memory that contains the computer's start up instructions.

[B]Beta testing :[/B] Second-stage testing of computer products, typically done by potential customers and outside experts to identify problems that need to be fixed before the product can be released for sale.

[B]Bay : [/B]Opening inside the system unit in which additional equipment can be installed.

[B]BD-R :[/B] High capacity DVD -recordable format.

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[B]BD-RE :[/B] High Capacity rewritable DVD format.

[B]Binary Code :[/B] The language used by computers in which data and instructions are represented by a series of 1s and 0s.

[B]Binary Digit (bit) ;[/B] smallest unit data a computer can process and is based on a binary code, either the number 0 or 1.

[B]Binary System :[/B] Number system used by computers that have just two reading 0 and 1 .

[B]Biometrics :[/B] Technology of authenticating a person 's identity by verifing a personal characteristics.

[B]Biometric Devices:[/B] Devices that translates a personal characteristics into a digital code that is comapred with the digital code stored in a computer.

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[B]Biomatric Identifier :[/B] physiological or behavioral characteristic;such as finger prints ,hand geometry ,facial features and eye patterns etc.

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[B]Bit Depth/Color Depth :[/B]The number of bits a video card uses to store information about each pixel.

[B]Bitmap :[/B] Method of storing a graphic image as a set of bits in a computer’s memory.

[B]Bits per second (bps) :[/B] Measurement or transfer rate that describes the speed of data transmission between two devices.

[B]BlackBerry : [/B]Operting system that runs on handheld devices supplied by RIM(Reseach In Motion).

[B]Bloatware.[/B] A program that uses an excessive amount of disk space and memory.

[B]Blog:[/B] It is short for Web log.Infromal website consisting of time-stamped articles in a diary or journal format,usually listed in reverse chronological order.

[B]Blog Software/Blogware[/B] : Software needed by blogger to create and maintain a blog.

[B]Blogger:[/B] Author of weblog.

[B]Blogsphere :[/B] Worldwide collection of blogs.

[B]Blook : [/B] A blog that has been turned into a book or an online book that is published on a blog.

Blu-ray Disc-ROM(BD-ROM) : Newer, expansive type of DVD with storage capacities of 100 GB, expectations of exceeding 200 GB in future.

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[B]Bluetooth :[/B] Network standard, that defines how two Bluetooth devices use short range radio waves to transmit data.

[B]Bluetooth Printing:[/B] Type of printing process that uses radio waves to transmit output to a printer.

[B]Blue tooth wireless port Adapter :[/B] Adapter that convert an existing USB ports or serial port into Bluetooth port.

Bookmark: The way to mark a site on the Internet that visit again and again , just like putting a bookmark where you left off in a story you are reading.

[B]Boot:[/B] Term use for “ to start up” the computer.

[B]Booting :[/B] Process of starting a computer.

[B]Boot Disk :[/B] Spacial disk that contains a few system files capable of starting a computer which is used when computer cannot boot from its hard disk.

[B]Boot Drives :[/B] Drives from which a personal computer starts(boot).

[B]Braille Printer : [/B]Type of printer that prints the information on paper in Braille for use by the visually impaired Users.

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[B]Broadband.[/B] High speed Internet connection provided through DSL,cable television networks,fiber-optic cables radio signals or satellites

[B]Browser/Web Browser: [/B] Application software that allows a user to access and view web pages.

[B]Buddies/Buddy List :[/B] Established list of friends , family and coworkers used in internet massaging .

[B]Buffer :[/B] Segment of memory or storage that stores information temporarily while waiting to be transferred from an input device to an output device.

[B]Bug: [/B] Little errors in either programs or equipment that sometimes cause them to stop running properly.

[B]Burning :[/B] Process of writing on an optical disc.

[B]Bus :[/B] A pathway along which electronic signals travel between the components of a computer system . it is Electrical channel that that transfer electronic bits internally within the circuitry of a computer ,allowing the devices both inside and attached to the system unit to communicate with each other.

[B]Bus Width :[/B] The size of a bus, which determine the number of bits that a computer can transmit at one time.

[B]Business Software : [/B]Application software that assists people in becoming more efficient while performing their daily business activities.

[B]Business-to-business(B2B)e- commerce :[/B] Online transactions that takes place between businesses.

[B]Business-to-consumer(B2C) :[/B] The online sales of goods and services to the general public.

[B]Button :[/B] Graphical element that is activated to cause a specific action to takes place.

[B]Byte:[/B] Eight bits that are grouped together as a unit ,can represent 256 individual characters.

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[B]Cable Modem :[/B] Digital modem that sends and receive digital data over the cable.

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[B]Cache :[/B] Area of memory that stores the contents of frequently used data or instruction.

[B]Candela :[/B] Standard unit of luminous intensity

[B]Capacity :[/B] Number of bytes a storage medium can hold.

[B]Card Reader/Writer :[/B] Devices that reads and write data, instructions and information stored on flash memory cards

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[B]Carpal Tunnel Syndrome :[/B] Wrist or hand injury caused by using a keyboard for long periods of time.

[B]CD/DVD Burner : [/B]Utility program that write text, graphics, audio, and video files to a recordable or rewritable CD/DVD

[B]Compact Disc-recordable/CD-R :[/B] Optical Disk on which user can write ,but not erase, their own items,data, information,graphics or audio.

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[B] CD Recorder/CD-R drive [/B]: Device that can read both audio CDs and standard CD- ROM

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[B]Compact disc read only memory/CD- ROM :[/B] Type of optical disc that uses laser technology to store data, instruction and information that user can read but not write on or erase.

[B]CD-RW:[/B] Erasable multi-session optical disc on which users can write data, instruction and information multiple times.

[B]Celeron :[/B] Inter processor used by less expensive basic PCs.

[B]Cell :[/B] Intersection of a column and row in worksheet.

[B]Central processing Unit(CPU) :[/B] Electronic component on a computer 's mother board that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer.

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[B]Centrino/Centrino Pro :[/B] Mobile Technology that integrates wirless capabilities in notebook computers and Tablet PCs.

[B]Character :[/B] A single letter, figure, punctuation mark, or symbol produced by a keystroke on a computer.

[B]Character set :[/B] Compelete set of characters, alphabetic, numeric, and symbolic.

[B]Character String.[/B] Specified sequence of typed characters, representing a word or phrase ;often used to locate a particular word or phrase wherever it appears in a document.

[B]Charged- coupled Devices (CCD) :[/B] Digital camera chip that generates analog symbol that represents an image.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Charged-coupledDevicesCCD.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Charting :[/B] Spreadsheet software feature that depicts data in a graphical form.

[B]Chassis : [/B]Case of the system unit made of metal or plastic that protects the internal electronic components from damage.

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[B]Chat : [/B]Real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer .

[B]Chat Client :[/B] program that allows a user to connect to a chat server to participating in a chat session.

[B]Chat room :[/B] Locations on an Internet server that permits user to chat with each other.

[B]Check box : [/B] Small box that appears on screen alongside each option displayed in a dialog box. When an option is selected, an X or a check mark appears inside the box.

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Chip :[/B] Small piece of semiconducting metrial , usually silicon , on which integrated circuits are etched.

[B]Click :[/B] The act of moving mouse pointer to a button and then pressing and releasing a button the mouse.

[B]Click Wheel : [/B]Touch sensitive scroll pad on portable media player that users rotate to browse through song, picture, or movie lists and press to play or pause media, display a menu and other actions.

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[B]Client Operation System/ Stand alone operating System:[/B] Complete operating system that works on desktop computer , notebook computer or mobile computing devices and also works in conjunction with a network operating system.

[B]Clip Art :[/B] Collection of Drawing , photos, and other images that can insert in documents.

[B]Clipboard : [/B]Temporary storage location for document content that is used in cutting and pasting or copying operations.

[B]Client/server computing.[/B] A network of computers that consist of a file server and individual clients.

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[B]Clock Cycle : [/B]One tick of system clock.

[B]Clock speed :[/B] pace of the system clock ,measured by the number of ticks per second.

[B]Cold Boot :[/B] process of turning on a computer that has been powered off completely.

[B]Color Library :[/B] Standard set of colors used by designers and printers to ensure that colors will print exactly as specified.

[B]Compatibility :[/B] Ability of one type of computer to share information or to communicate with another type of computer.

[B]COM ports/Communication ports :[/B] Serial ports on the system unit.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/COMportsCommunicationports.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Compiler : [/B]Program that translates from a higher level language to assembly language.

[B]Command :[/B]Instruction that causes a program to perform a specific action.

[B]Command Line Interface(CLI) :[/B] Type of user interface in which a user types command or presses special keys on the keyboard ;such as function keys to enter data and instructions.

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[B]Communication Devices : [/B]Hardware components that enables a computer to send and receive data,instruction and information to and from one or more computers.

[B]Compact Flash : [/B]Type of miniature mobile storage medium that is a flash memory card capable of storing between 64 MB ad 16 GB data.

[B]Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) :[/B] Technology used by some chips that provides high speeds and consumes little power by using battery power to retain information even when power to a computer is off.

[B]Compress :[/B] To shrink the size of a file .

[B]Computer :[/B] Electronic device ,operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory , that can accept data, process the data according to specified rules, produce results and store the information and results for future use.

[B]Computer Aided Design(CAD)Software :[/B] Sophisticated type of application software that assist a professional user in creating engineering ,architectural and scientific design.

[B]Computer Aided Manufacturing(CAM) :[/B] Use of computer to assist with manufacturing processes such as fabrication and assembly.

[B]Computer-Aided Software Engineering(CASE) [/B]:Use of computers to help with the process of designing software.

[B]Computer Based Training (CBT) :[/B] Type of education in which students learn by using and completing exercise with instructional software, also called computer -aided instructions(CAI).

[B]Computer literacy :[/B] Having a current knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses.

[B]Computer output microfilm recorder :[/B] Devices that record the images on microfilm and microfiche.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Computeroutputmicrofilmrecorder.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Computer Trespass :[/B] The crime of using a computer without the owner’s permission

[B]Connector :[/B] Device that joins a cable to a port.

[B]Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) e-commerce[/B] : E-commerce that occurs when one consumer sells directly to another ,such as in an online auction.

[B]Content aggregation : [/B]Business that gathers and organized Web content and then distributes,the content to subscribers for free or a fee.

[B]Continuous-form papers :[/B] Type of paper, used by dot-matrix printer, which consists of thousands of pages connected together end to end.

[B]Continuous Speech :[/B] Flowing conversation tone recognized by most of today's voice recognition softwares.

[B]Contrast Ratio :[/B] Difference in light intensity between the brightest white and darkest black that can displaced on LCD.

[B]Convergence :[/B] Trend of offering similar functions that makes it increasing difficult to differentiate between two similar devices.

[B]Cookie :[/B] A small text file to identify and collect information about every user who visits the site .It stores users information on a user’s hard drive when the user visits certain Web sites in order to gain access.

[B]Copy :[/B] To reproduce information elsewhere such that the original information remains in place.


[B]Cordless Keyboard :[/B] keyboard that transmit data using wireless technology ,such as radio waves or infrared light waves.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/CordlessKeyboard.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Core :[/B] Family of Intel processors used in most high-performance PCs.

[B]Cracker :[/B] Computer criminal who penetrates a computer program to steal information or damage the program in some way.

[B]Crash :[/B] A malfunction in hardware or software that keeps a computer from functioning.

[B]Crawler : [/B] Program that automatically explores the WORLD WIDE WEB and collects information; also called a spider.

[B]Create :[/B] To enter text or numbers, insert images and perform other tasks with a document using an input devices such as mouse, keyboard or digital pens etc.

[B]Creeping Featurism :[/B] Practice of trying to improve software by adding features in an unsystematic way, ultimately making it less reliable and harder to use.

[B]Crippleware/Freewares:[/B] Software that is distributed free as an incomplete or time-limited version in the hope that the user will purchase the fully functional version.

[B]Crossfire :[/B] Technology allowing the use of multiple graphics cards to enhance the computer’s ability to display graphics, developed by ATI.

[B]Cross platform :[/B] Program that runs the same on multiple operating system.

[B]CRT monitor :[/B] Type of desktop monitor that contains cathode ray tube.

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[B]Crunch Mode :[/B] Work situation in which a deadline is near and everyone is working hard, keeping extended hours; usually the result of a mistaken estimate made by management.

[B]Cryptography:[/B] The technology of encoding information so that it cannot be read by an unauthorized person.

[B]Cuil :[/B]A search engine that was created to be a rival to Google. It delivers search results in tabs and menus that help the user to narrow the search.

[B]Cursor :[/B] Symbol on a computer screen , usually a blinking vertical bar, that indicates where the next character a user will display.

[B]Custom Softwares [/B]: Software that perform specific functions developed at a user's request.

[B]Customer Relationship Management(CRM) :[/B] Software for keeping track of past customers, sales prospects, and the like.

[B]Cybernetics :[/B] Study of the processing of information by machinery, especially computers and control systems.

[B]Cyberpunk :[/B] An antisocial person who uses computers as a means of self expression, often performing destructive acts.

[B]Cyberspace :[/B]Referred to as virtual reality;that exists in networked computer systems rather than in any particular physical location,used to refer to the world of the Internet as a whole.

[B]Cybrarian :[/B] A person who makes a career of online research and data retrieval ;equivalent of a librarian.

[B]Cyburbia (cyber suburbia)[/B] : Community of computer users that exists in cyberspace.

[B]Cylinders [/B]: The vertical section of a hard disk track that passes through all platters.

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[B]Daemon :[/B] program that runs continuously in the back-ground, or is activated by a particular event without human intervention.

[B]Dance Pad :[/B] Flat electronic devices divided into panels that user presses with their feet in response to instruction from music viedo games.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/DancePad.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Data : [/B]collection of unprocessed information , which can be text, numbers, images, sound, audio and viedo.

[B]Data collection devices : [/B]Devices that obtains data directly at the location where the transaction or event takes palce.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Datacollectiondevices.gif[/IMG]

[B]Data compression. [/B] Procedure for reducing the volume of data so as to shorten the time needed to transfer the data.

[B]Data projectors :[/B] Output device that takes the information displaying on computer screen and projects them on larger screen so that audienec can see the image directly.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Dataprojectors.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Database :[/B] Collection of data organized in a manner that allows access , retrival and use of that data.

[B]Database Softwares : [/B]Application softwares used to create, access and manage a database.

[B]Database Management System (DBMS).[/B] The software needed to establish and maintain database and manage the stored information.

[B]DDoS(Distributed Denial of Service) :[/B] A malicious act intended to shut down a Web site or a network by flooding it with too much information. Users who attempt to visit the site will be denied access.

[B]DDR SDRAM/Double Data Rate SDRAM :[/B] Type of RAM that tranfer the data twice for each clock cycle instead of just one; is even faster than SDRAM.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/DDRSDRAMDoubleDataRateSDRAM.gif[/IMG]

[B]Dead Link :[/B] An HTML address that is no longer valid. When a dead link is selected, the browser returns an error message.

Deadlock : Situation in which each of two processes is waiting for the other to do something; thus, neither one can proceed.

[B]Deblurring : [/B]Process or method of digital image processing to correct a blurred image.

[B]Debug :[/B] Locating and fixing defects n computer hardware or software.

[B]Decoding :[/B] processor operations that translate a program instruction into signals the computer can execute.

[B]De facto Standard :[/B] Standard that is not official but is established by wide-spread usage.

[B]Default settings : [/B]The pre-established settings that a program will follow unless the user changes them.

[B]Defragmenting :[/B] Reorganizing a disk so that the files are stored in contineous sectors,thus speeding up disk access and performance of entire computer.

[B]Density:[/B] Number of bits in a area on storage medium.

[B]Deployment : [/B]Act of installing software on computers.

[B]Deprecated :[/B] a software feature from a previous version that still exists in the current version, but the developers recommend that it no longer be used


[B]Desktop :[/B] On-screen work area that has graphical user interface.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Desktop.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Desktop Computers :[/B] Computer designed so that the system unit,input/output devices and other peripheral fits entirely on or under adesk or table.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Desktop-Computers.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Desktop Publishing Softwares (DTP)[/B] : Application Softwares used by the professional desiners to create sophisticated documents that can contain text, graphics and many colors.

[B]Developer/programmer [/B]: A person who writes and modifies computer programs.

[B]Device :[/B] Any component of a computer that is used for input or output, such as a printer, modem, disk drive, or sound card.

[B]Device Contention :[/B] The situation in which several computer programs, running concurrently, are trying to use the same device (such as a modem or printer) at the same time.

[B]Device Dependent :[/B] Programs that runs only on specific types of Devices .

[B]Device Drivers :[/B] Small programs that instruct the operating system how to communicate with a specific device.

[B]Device Independant :[/B] Operating system that run on the computers provided by the variety of manufactures.

[B]Diagnostic utility :[/B] Utility program that compiles technical information about a computer 's hardware and certain system software programs and then prepare a report out lining any identified problems.

[B]Dialog box :[/B] Special window that provides information , presents available options ,or request a response.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Dialogbox.gif[/IMG]

[B]Dial-up Access :[/B] Method of connecting to the Internet using a modem in computer and standard telephone line.

[B]Die :[/B] Individual piece of silicon containing a transistor or integrated circuit.

[B]Digerati :[/B] People knowledgeable about the Web and other digital communications media. (From digital and Italian litterati.)

[B]Digital :[/B]Representing of data using only two discrete states ; on and off.

[B]Digital Camera :[/B] Camera that stores its photographed images digitally, instead of on traditional film.

[B]Digital light processing (DLP) Projector :[/B] Projector that uses tiny mirrors to reflect light, which produce crisp , bright ,colorful images that remain in focus and can be seen clearly even in well-lit room.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/DigitallightprocessingDLPProjector.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Digital Pen : [/B]Input Device that allows users to write or draw on the screen by pressing the pen and issue instruction to a Teblet PC by tapping on the screen.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/DigitalPen.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Digital photo printer :[/B] Thermal printer that uses heat to tranfer colored dye to spcially coated paper.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Digitalphotoprinter.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Digital rights management (DRM) [/B]: Strategy designed to prevent illegal distribution of music and other digital contents.

[B]Digital Signal Processing (DSP)[/B]: Use of computers to process signals such as sound or video. Applications of DSP include decoding modulated signals (e.g., in modems), removing noise, and converting video to different formats.

[B]Digital Signature :[/B] a way of authenticating that an electronic message really came from the person it claims to have come from.

[B]Digital Subscriber line (DSL) :[/B] Type of digital tehnology that provides high speed Internet connections using regular copper telephone line.

[B]Digital versatile disc read-only memory/Digital Viedo Disks (DVD) [/B]: Extremely high capacity optical storage disc on which users can read , but not write or erase , capable of storing 4.7 GB to 17 GB.

[B]Digital Viedo Interface (DVI) port:[/B] Viedo card port that enables digital signals to transmit directly to an LCD monitor.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/DigitalViedoInterfaceDVIport.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Digitizer :[/B] Large-scale application term for a graphics tablet.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Apple-iPad-tablet-drawing-1.jpg[/IMG]
[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Digitizer.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Disk Drive :[/B] The component of a computer into which a disk is inserted so that it can be reads or written on.

[B]Disk Farm :[/B] Large set of disk drives used by a single computer or network.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/DiskFarm.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Disk Mirroring : [/B]Technique in which all or part of a hard disk is duplicated onto one or more other hard disks,

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/DiskMirroring.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Disk Scanners : [/B]Utilities that searches and removes unnecessary files.

[B]Diskette : [/B]Portable,inexpensive storage medium that consists of a thin, circular, flexible plastic Mylar film with a magnetic coating ,enclosed in square shaped plastic shell.

[B]Display :[/B] Output devices that visually conveys text,graphics and video information.

[B]Distance learning (DL)[/B]: Delievary of education at one location while learning takes place at other location.

[B]DNS Server :[/B] Internet Server that usually associates with the internet access provider.

[B]Docking Stations : [/B]External devives that attaches to a mobile computer or device and contains a power connection and provides connection to peripherals.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/DockingStations.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Document management System :[/B] Appilcation software that provides a mean of sharing ,distributing and searching through documents by converting them into a format that can be viewed by other user.

[B]Documents Explorer :[/B] Windows Vista feature that helps users locate documents by showing thumbnails that preview documents' content and allowing users to adjust thumbnail size to view document without opening it.

[B]Domain:[/B] Referred to as the zone, indicates the type of organization that owns the computer being identified in the address that is linked to the Internet. It is found after the “@” in a URL, or Web address. There are different types of domains, for example, “.com” stands for company, “.gov” is government, “.org” is organization, and “.edu” stands for education.

[B]Domain name :[/B] Text version of IP address.

[B]Domain name system (DNS) [/B]: Method that the Internet uses to store domain names and their corresponding IP address.

[B]Doorway Page : [/B]Web page that functions as a doorway into a Web site. Usually a doorway page contains keywords, which Internet search engines seek when they scan the Internet. Placing the correct keywords on a doorway page can increase the number of viewers visiting a site.

[B]DOS:[/B] Stands for Disk Operating System. A program that allows the computer to to manage the storage of information on disks and control as other aspects of a computer’s operation.

[B]Dot Matrix Printer[/B].A printer that uses pins to produce characters made up of small dots.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/DotMatrixPrinter.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Dot pitch :[/B] The distance in millimeters between pixels on a display device.

[B]Download :[/B] process of receiving information through computer ,such as webpages ,from server on the internet.

[B]Drive Bay[/B]: Rectangular opening in the system unit that typically holds disk drive.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/DriveBay.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Drivers :[/B] Small program that instruct the operating system how to communicate with specific device.

[B]Dual-core processor :[/B] Processor chip that contains two separate processors.

[B]Dumb Terminal :[/B] Terminal that has no its own processing power and cannot fucntion as an independant device.

[B]Duplexing. [/B] A procedure that permits two computers to transmit data to each other simultaneously.

[B]Dye-Sublimation printer :[/B] Thermal printer that uses heat to transfer color dye to specially coated paper, creating images of photographic quality.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Dye-Sublimationprinter.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Dynamic RAM (DRAM) [/B]: Type of RAM chip that must be refresh constantly or lose its contents.

[B]Dynamic Web pages:[/B] Web pages that allows vistors to customize some or all of the viewed contents.

[B][CENTER][COLOR="Indigo"][SIZE="5"]E [/SIZE][/COLOR][/CENTER][/B]


[B]Easter Egg.[/B] An unexpected image or message that pops up on the display screen when the user innocently enters a secret combination of keystrokes.A way of surprising and amusing users engaged in more serious tasks.

[B]E-book.[/B] A small reading device that displays downloaded digital text.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/E-book.jpg[/IMG]

[B]E-commerce/Electronic Commerence :[/B] A buniess trasaction that occurs over an electronic network such as the internet.

[B]E- Learning :[/B] Delivery of eduction via electronic methods such as internet , networks , or CDs/DVDs.

[B]Ellipsis Marks. [/B]Three spaced dots (. . .) that appear as part of a menu option. Ellipsis marks indicate that a dialog box will appear if that option is selected.

[B]E-mail : [/B]Transmission of massages and files via computer network .

[B]E-mail address :[/B] combination of user name and a domain name that identifies a user to receive E-mails.

[B]E-mail program :[/B] Software use to create ,send , receive, forward , store ,print and delete e-mail mssages.

[B]Earbuds/Earphones :[/B] Audio output device that rests inside the ear canal.

[B]Edit :[/B] to make chages to the existing content of a document .

[B]Educational Softwares : [/B]Application softwares that teach a particular skill.

[B]Electrically eraseable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) :[/B] a chip that allows a programer to erase microcode with an electrical signal.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/ElectricallyeraseableprogrammablereadonlymemoryEEPROM.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Electronic storefront:[/B] Online busniess, a customer visits that contains products descriptins ,graphics and a shopping cart.

[B]Embeded Computers :[/B] special- purpose computers that function as a component in a large product.

[B]Embeded Operating System :[/B] Operating System that reside on a ROM chips inside most PDAs and small devices.

[B]Emoticons :[/B] Symbols used on Internet to express emotions.

[B]Encryption :[/B] The process of encoding data and information to an unreadable form.

[B]ENERGY STAR Program :[/B] Program that encourages manufacturers of computer components to create energy- efficient devices ,requiring little power when they are not in use ,developed by the U.S.Department of energy and U.S environmental Protection Agency .

[B]Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics(EIDE) :[/B]Interface that uses parallel signals to transfer data, instruction and informations ,can support up to four hard disks at 137 GB per disk.

[B]Enhanced Resolution :[/B] Digital camera resolution calculated by special formula that add pixels between those generated by the optical resolutions.

[B]Enterprise ASP :[/B] Application service provider that customized and deliver high-end busniess applications, such as finance and database.

[B]Enterprise Computing :[/B] the use of a huge network of computers that meets diverse components needs.

[B]Erogonomics :[/B] The science of incorporating comforts, efficiency and safety into the design of the workplace.

[B]Ergonomic Keyboard :[/B] Keyboard whose design reduce the chance of wrist or hand injuries.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/ErgonomicKeyboard.jpg[/IMG]

[B]eSATA Ports:[/B]Special purpose ports that allows to connect an external SATA hard disk to a computer.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/eSATAPorts.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Escalate :[/B] to transfer a customer’s help request from the person who originally handled it to someone more highly trained, and/or to mark it as more urgent.

[B]Ethernet.[/B] A type of computer network, originally developed by Xerox Corporation. Communication takes place by means of radio-frequency signals carried by a coaxial cable.

[B]Ethical Hacking :[/B]the practice of breaking into computers without malicious intent, simply to find security hazards and report them to the people responsible.

[B]Ethernet Card :[/B] A circuit board that allows a computer to be connected to a network by cable.

[B]Evil Twin :[/B] Malicious wireless hot spot that seems legitimate, but is designed to trick unwitting users into revealing personal information.

[B]Exception :[/B] Situation that prevents a computer program from running as specified, such as unexpectedly reaching the end of a file or trying to divide by zero.

[B]Execute :[/B] To perform an instruction or action specified by the user or the program.

[B]Expension Slot :[/B] Socket on motherboard that can hold an adapter card.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/ExpensionSlot.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Explorer :[/B] Part of Windows that is used for exploring directories, files, and desktop menus.

[B]Export :[/B]To save information from one computer or program to another.

[B]Express Card Module :[/B] Removeable flash memory device that adds memory ,communication, multimedia and security capabilities to mobile computers.

[B]Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange(EBCDIC) : [/B]coding scheme used primarily on mainframe computers and high end servers.

[B]External Bay : [/B]Drive bay that allows users to access openings in the bay from outside the system unit.

[B]External hard disk :[/B] Separate freestanding hard disk that connects with a cable to a USB port or FireWire port on the system unit.

[B]Extranet :[/B] Technology that permits users of one organization’s intranet to enter portions of another organization’s intranet in order to conduct business transactions or collaborate on joint projects.

[B]Extrude :[/B]Special effect provided by drawing programs that creates a three-dimensional shadow.

[B]E-zine.[/B] A magazine published in an electronic format. Also called Webzine.

[B][CENTER][SIZE="5"][COLOR="Indigo"]F[/COLOR][/SIZE][/CENTER][/B]

[B]Face Recognization System :[/B] Biometric device that captures a live face image and compares it with a stored image to determine if the person is a legitimate user.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/FaceRecognizationSystem2.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/FaceRecognizationSystem.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Fair Queuing : [/B]A technique used to improve quality of service that gives each session flow passing through a network device a fair share of network resources. With fair queuing, no prioritization occurs.

[B]FAQ/Frequently Asked question :[/B] A document listing common questions and answers on a particular subject that help the user to find answers.

[B]Favorites :[/B] A customized list of a user’s favorite Web sites that permits the user to access a particular Web site with a single command ;also referred to as a bookmark list or a hot list.

[B]Fax : [/B] Shortened form of the word facsimile. To transmit a copy of a document electronically from one machine to another via Fax Machine.

[B]Fax Machine :[/B] Output device that codes and encodes documents so that they can be transmitted over telephone lines.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/FaxMachine.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Fax Modem : [/B]A device built into or attached to a computer that serves as a facsimile machine and a modem.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/FaxModem.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Feasibility Study :[/B] An evaluation of a prospective project for the purpose of determining whether or not the project should be undertaken.It normally consider the time, budget, and technology required for completion.

[B]Fetching :[/B] Processor operation that obtains a program instruction or data item from memory.

[B]Fiber to the Premises(FTTP) : [/B]Technology that uses fiber-optics cables to provide heigh speed Internet access to home and busniess users.

[B]Field : [/B]The area reserved for the entry of a specified piece of information.Each column in a database that contain a specific category of data within a record.

[B]Field Camera:[/B] Portable digital camera with many lenses and other attachments.

[B]File :[/B] Named collection of information,data or instructions stored electronically and treated as a unit by a computer.

[B]File Allocation Table(FAT) :[/B] the part of the disk that contains information about the sizes and locations of the files.

[B]File Compression Utility : [/B]Utility program that shrink the size of file ,so that file takes up less storage space then original file.

[B]File conversion Utility :[/B] Program that transform a file from one format to another ,eliminating the need to reenter/rewrire/recompose data in a new program

[B]File Manager : [/B]Utility program that performs the functions related to file management.

[B]File Transfer protocol (FTP) :[/B] Set of guidelines/standards ,establish the format in which files can be transmitted/transfer from one computer to another on Internet.

[B]Filters: [/B]Audio editing software feature designed to enhance audio quality.

[B]Fishing :[/B] The act of pulling a cable through the interior of a wall, or through some other inaccessible space, by using a fish tape

[B]Fish Tape :[/B] Tool for pulling cables through inaccessible spaces.It is a very long metal strip with a hook at the end which can be used tograb a wire .

[B]Firewall. [/B] Software that prevents unauthorized persons from accessing certain parts of a program, database, or network. They can be implemented in both hardware or software.

[B]FireWire :[/B] Data ports/interfaces designed for high speed data transfer by Apple, faster than USB interfaces.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/FireWire3.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Firefox :[/B] Free Web browser introduced in 2004 by Mozilla

[B]Firmware :[/B] Software that is stored in some fixed form on chips, such as read-only memory (ROM) , contain permanently written data, instruction or information when were manufactured.

[B]Fixed Wireless : [/B]High speed Internet connection that uses antenna on a house or busniess to communicate with a tower location via radio signals.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/FixedWireless1.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/FixedWireless.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Flame :[/B] Abusive or insulting e-mail message sent deliberately designed to insult and provoke the recipient.

[B]Flame Wars:[/B] Exchange of flames using the Internet.

[B]Flash Memory :[/B] Type of nonvolatile memory that can be ereased electronically and rewritten.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/FlashMemory.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Flat-panel Display :[/B] Display device with a shallow depth and flat screen that typically uses LCD or gas plasma technology.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Flat-panelDisplay.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Flatbed scanner :[/B] Type of light-sensing input device that scans a document and create a file of the document in memory instead of a paper copy.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Flatbedscanner.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Floppy disk :[/B] Portable ,inexpensive storage medium that consists of a thin ,circular ,flexible Mylar film with a magnetic coating,enclosed in a square shaped plastic shell.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/FloppyDisk.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Folder :[/B] Specific named storage area on a disk that contains related documents, used to organize files.

[B]Font :[/B] A typeface of a certain size and style. Includes all letters of the alphabet, figures, symbols, and punctuation marks.

[B]Footer :[/B] Repetitive information or text that appears at the bottom of every page of a document.

[B]Footnote Feature :[/B] The ability of a program to automatically position footnotes on the same page as the text they refer to. If the text is moved to another page, any related footnotes will also be transferred to that page.

[B]Force Feedback:[/B] Technology that sends resistance to a joystick or wheel in response to a actions of the user.

[B]Forelash.[/B] Negative reactions to a technology not yet in existence but excessively promoted in advance.

[B]Foreground : [/B]Program with which the user currently is interacting .

[B]Format.[/B] The physical specifications that affect the appearance and arrangement of a document, for example, margins, spacing, and font.

[B]Formating :[/B] Process of dividing a disk into tracks and sectors so that operating system can store and locate data and information on disk.

[B]Forms mode. [/B] the format of a document or form so that it can later be viewed on the display screen and completed by the user. Once a fill in has been entered, the cursor automatically advances to the beginning of the next area to be filled in.

[B]Forum :[/B] A medium provided by an online service for users to carry on written discussions of a particular topic by posting messages and replying to them.

[B]Frame :[/B] Block of data that is transmitted as a unit over a network.

[B]Frame buffer :[/B] Specialized memory that holds at least one screenful of data.

[B]Fragmented :[/B] State of a file whose contents are scattered across two or more noncontiguous sector of a disk.

[B]Freenet :[/B] Local network that offers free (or low-cost) access to host computers located in libraries and to other public-interest groups in the community. A freenet may also offer limited access to the Internet.

[B]Freeware.[/B] Copyrighted software that is available for use without charge.

[B]Fringeware :[/B] Freeware whose reliability and value are questionable.

[B]FTP Server :[/B] Computer that allows users to upload or download files using FTP.

[B]Functions :[/B] Predefined worksheet formula that performs common calculation.

[B]Function keys. [/B] Special Keys programmed on a keyboard that issue special commands to the computer.

[B]Fuzzy computing :[/B]A computing technique that deals with vague, incomplete, or ambiguous data in a precise mathematical way while providing solutions based on the human way of thinking.

[B]FWIW :[/B] Online abbreviation for “for what it’s worth.”

[COLOR="Navy"][CENTER][B]G[/B][/CENTER][/COLOR]

[B]Gadgets:[/B] Small applications ,tools or service that can provide additional functions such as displaying the weather ,calender etc. Generically, device that has a specifica purpose and a fuctions commonly call gadgets such as PDAs, phones, smartphones, MP3 players etc.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/gadgets.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/images.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Game Console: [/B]Mobile computing device designed for single player or multiplayer videos games.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/gameconsole.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Game Controller/gamepad :[/B] Input device that directs movements and actions of on screen objects in viedo and computer games.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/GameController.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Gaming Keyboard:[/B] Keyboard designed spcially for users who enjoy playing games on computer.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/cyborg_keyboard.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Gamma Testing :[/B] Software testing, performed before commercial release. In gamma testing, the software is believed to be complete and free of errors, but the manuals and packaging may not yet be in final form.

[B]Gamut : [/B]The complete range of colors, a display or printer is capable of producing.

[B]Gantt Chart :[/B] Bar chart that shows individual tasks of a project as bars against a horizontal time scale ;are used as a project-planning tool for developing schedules.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Pert_example_gantt_chart.gif[/IMG]

[B]Garbage :[/B] Incorrect or corrupted data.

[B]Garbage Collection :[/B]Clearing out objects that are taking up space in memory but are no longer in use by a program.

[B]Garbage in,Garbage out(GIGO) :[/B] Computing phrase that points out the accuracy/quality of a computer's output depends upon the accuracy/quality of input.

[B]Gateway : [/B]Device that links two networks using different protocols.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Gateway.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Gatored :[/B] To have been the victim of a hijackware program that seized control of an Internet shopping or surfing experience and caused the victim’s browser to display ads and Web sites chosen by the program

[B]Geek :[/B] Computer expert or specialist , generally, a person who enjoys cerebral activities more than the mainstream population does.

[B]Gender changer :[/B] Device that joins a port and connector that are both female and male.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Genderchanger.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Gesture Recognizer :[/B] Computer's capability of detecting human motion.

[B]Ghosting : [/B]The permanent etching of images on a monitor's screen.

[B]GIF :[/B] Graphics format that uses compression techniques to reduce file size.

[B]Gigabyte (GB) :[/B] Measurement of the storage capacity of a device. One gigabyte represents 1024 megabytes or approximately 1 billion bytes.

[B]Gigahertz (GHz) :[/B]Measurement used to identify the speed of the central processing unit. One giga-hertz is equal to 1 billion cycles/ticks of the system clock per second.

[B]Glitch :[/B] Hardware problem that causes a computer to malfunction or crash.

[B]Global :[/B] Any function that can be performed on an entire document without requiring individual commands for each use.

[B]Gopher.[/B] A protocol used for locating and transferring information on the Internet. The use of Gopher has diminished as the Web’s hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) has become the dominant protocol.

[B]Gradient :[/B] Smooth progression of colors and shades, usually from one color to another color, or from one shade to another shade of the same color.

[B]Graphics :[/B] Digital representaion of nontext information such as drawing ,chart,images or photo .

[B]Graphics Card. [/B]Adapter cards that converts output into viedo signals that travel through a cable to monitor, which displays an image on the screen.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/graphics-card.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Graphics Processing Unit(GPU) :[/B] Chip that controls the mainipulation and display of graphics on a display device.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/GraphicsProcessingUnitGPU.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Graphics Tablet : [/B]Flat, rectangular ,electronic plastic board that is used to create drawing and sketches.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/GraphicsTablet.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Graphical user interface (GUI):[/B] Type of user interface provides visual computer environment that permits the user to click on icons or select options from a menu.

[B]Grok:[/B] To research and comprehend something in great detail and great depth.

[B]Groupware:[/B] Software that lets network users collaborate on a variety of documents.

[B]Guru :[/B] A technical expert who is available to help solve problems and to answer questions in an intelligible way.

[B]Gutter : [/B]The blank area between two or more columns of text or between two facing pages in a publication.

[COLOR="Navy"][SIZE="5"][B][CENTER]H[/CENTER][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR]

[B]Hacker :[/B] Dedicated computer programmer or expert who work at a high level of expertise with computer systems and software;can be good or bad. The term hacker is sometimes used erroneously to refer to a computer criminal who penetrates and tampers with computer programs or systems.

[B]Ham :[/B] Legitimate e-mail message that is blocked because it contains one or more keywords associated with spam messages.

[B]Hand Geomertry System :[/B] Biometric device that measures the shape and size of a person 's hand and compare these measurement to stored measurements.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/HandGeomertrySystem.jpg[/IMG]


[B]Handheld Computer :[/B]A portable computer small enough to fit in one hand and smaller then a notebook computer, also called a palmtop computer.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Handheldcomputer.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Handshake :[/B] Prescribed sequence of digital electrical signals exchanged by two devices in preparation for data transfer.

[B]Hang :[/B] To stop responding ; hung program or computer system does not respond to user input,but the screen looks as if everything is running normally.

[B]Hard copy :[/B] Text , graphics or information that exist physically ; printed on paper; also called a printout.

[B]Hard Disk : [/B] Type of stirage device that can store large amounts of information; contains one or more inflexible, circular platers that store data.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Hard_drive-ensvg.png[/IMG]

[B]Hardware : [/B] physical (Electric, electronic and machnical) components of a computer that includes: central processing unit, the display screen,the keyboard, the disk drive, the modem, the mouse, and the printer etc.

[B]Hardwired :[/B] Describes something physically built into a system using hardware, instead of being accomplished by programming.

[B]Head Crash :[/B] Type of hard disk failure that occurs when read/write head touches the surface of a platter.

[B]Header :[/B] Text or information that appears at the top (the head) of every page of a document.

[B]Heat Pipe :[/B] Small cooling device used to cool processors in notebook computers.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/HeatPipe.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/HeatPipeSystem.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Heat Sink :[/B] Small ceramic or metal component with fans on its surface that absorbs and ventilate heat produced by electricalcomponents.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/heatsink_and_fan.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Hertz :[/B] One clock cycle of system per second.

[B]Hibernation :[/B] State in which a computer shuts down after saving everything in memory to the hard disk ;when the computer is powered on, programs and documents that were open are restored to the desktop.

[B]High-defination Media Interface(HDMI)port :[/B] Ports that combines DVI with high defination telecisions and viedo.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/High-definationMediaInterfaceHDMIport.jpg[/IMG]

[B]High-defination Televisions(HDTV) : [/B]the most advance form of digital television ,working with digital broadcast signals,transmitting digital sound ,supporting wide screens, and providing resolutions up to 1920x1080 pixels.

[B]Higher-level language :[/B] Language, used for programming a computer programs that is closer to the user's language.

[B]Hit :[/B] A single request for information made by a client computer from a Web server or web pages names displayed by a search engine that contain the search text specified by the users. The popularity of a Web site is often measured by the number of hits it receives.

[B]Home:[/B] The starting position of a page or document;the upper left corner of the display screen

[B]Homebrew :[/B]Hardware or software developed by an individual or by a company for its own use rather than as a commercial product.

[B]Home page :[/B] The main/first page for a Web site established by an organization or an individual to display;serves as the entrance for a series of related pages.

[B]Home User :[/B] User that spend time on computer at home.

[B]Host :[/B] Any computer that provide services and connections to other computers on a network.

[B]Hot key[/B]. A keyboard shortcut that allows quick access to a command or menu option.

[B]Hot Plugging :[/B] Features that allows you to insert or remove a removeable flash memory device and other devices while computer is on/running.

[B]Hot Spots :[/B] Wireless networks that provide WiFi Internet connections to mobile, computer and other devices.

[B]Hover Button :[/B] Text or an image on a Web page, usually in the form of a button, that changes appearance when a cursor passes over it, button may change color, blink, display a pop-up .

[B]Hub :[/B] In a network, a device joining communication lines at a central location, providing a common connection to all devices on the network.

[B]Hybrid Computer : [/B]Computer that contains both digital and analog circuits.

[B]Hybris virus :[/B] A slow-spreading but persistent self-updating Internet worm ;activated whenever an infected computer is connected to the Internet. It attaches itself to all outgoing e-mail messages, maintains a list of all e-mail addresses in the headers of incoming e-mail messages, and sends copies of itself to all e-mail addresses on the list.

[B]Hypertext Transfer protocol(http):[/B] Rules that defines how pages transfer on the Internet and allows programmers to embed hyperlinks in Web documents, using hypertext markup language. permits Web clients (Web browsers) to communicate with Web servers

[B]Hyperlink :[/B] Built-in connection to another related Webpages or part of webpages.When a user clicks on these connects with another page in the same document/website or another document/website.

[B]Hypermedia :[/B] An extension of hypertext that integrates audio, video, and graphics with text.

[B]Hypertext :[/B] Term that refers to links in text based document; links text in one part of a document with related text in another part of the document or in other documents. A user can quickly find the related text by clicking on the appropri-ate keyword, key phrase, icon, or button.

[B]Hypertext markup language (HTML). [/B]The formatting language used to establish the appearance of a Web page;the way that web browsers read and show text on web pages.

[B]Hyperspace :[/B] The set of all documents that can be accessed by following hyperlinks in the World Wide Web.

[B]Hyper Threading(HT) Technology :[/B] Technology used in Intel's processor chips , which improves processors power and time by allowing a processor chip to mimic the power of two processors.

[B]Hyphenation :[/B] The ability of a program to automatically hyphenate and divide words that do not fit at the end of a line. If the text is later revised so that the divided word no longer begins at the right margin,the hyphen is automatically removed and the word prints solid.

[B][SIZE="6"][CENTER][COLOR="Navy"]I[/COLOR][/CENTER][/SIZE][/B]


[B]Icon :[/B] Small image displayed on acomputer screen that represents a program, a document or some other object.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/desktop_icons-265x300.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Image processing :[/B] Practices that consists of capturing ,storing ,analyzing ,displaying ,printing and manipulating images with scanners.

[B]Image Stitching :[/B] Process of combining multiple images into a large image.

[B]Image viewer :[/B] Utility that allows users to display ,copy and print the content of graphics file ,such as picture.

[B]Impact printers :[/B] Type of printer that forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a mechanism against an inked ribbon that physically contacts the paper.

[B]Import :[/B] To reterive information from one system or program to another.

[B]Index :[/B] search utility feature that stores a variety of information about a file ,including its name ,date created ,date modified,author name and so on.

[B]Information :[/B] processed data that convey meaning and useful for the user.

[B]Information processing cycle :[/B] series of input , process, output, and storage activities performed by a computer.

[B]Information Superhighway (I-way) :[/B] The Internet.

[B]Information System :[/B] Hardware,software,data,people ,and procedures that a computer requires to generate information.

[B]Infrared Data Association (IrDA) :[/B] Network standard used to transmit data wirelessly via infrared (IR) light wave.

[B]Infrared Printing : [/B]Printing that uses infrared light waves to transmit output to a printer.

[B]Ink-jet Printer : [/B]Type of nonimpact printers that forms characters and graphics by spraying tiny drops of liquid ink on a piece of paper.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Ink-jetPrinter.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/inkjet-printing.png[/IMG]

[B]Input :[/B] Any data and instructions eneterd into the computer for processing.

[B]Input Devices :[/B] Any hardware component that allows users to enter data and instruction into a computer such as a mouse, a keyboard, or a microphone.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/input.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Insert :[/B] To add information to a file.

[B]Insertion point :[/B] Symbol on a computer screen ,usually a blinking vertical bar, that indicates where the next character a user types will be displayed.

[B]Installing :[/B] Process of setting up software to work with the computer and other hardware components.

[B]Instant messaging (IM) :[/B] Real time Internet communications service that notifies a user when one or more people are online and then allow the user to exchange messages or files or join a private chat rooms with these people.

[B]Instant messangers : [/B]Software/programs that provide facility to people to communicate over the Internet in real time.

[B]Instructions :[/B] Stepts that tells the computer how to perform a particular task.

[B]Integrated Circuit :[/B] Electronic component that contains many microscopic pathways capable of carrying electrical current combined on a tiny silicon chip.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/IntegratedCircuit.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Intel-compatible processors:[/B] Processors that have an internal design similar to that of Intel processors,perform the same functions as Intel ,and can be as powerful ,but often are less expensive.

[B]Interactive whiteboard :[/B] Touch-sensitive devices,resembling a dry-earse board,that display the images on a connected computer screen.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Interactivewhiteboard1.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Interface: [/B]The electrical connection that links two pieces of equipment so that they can communicate with each other and the software that controls the interaction between the hardware and the user.

[B]Internesia: [/B]Forgetting where one obtained a piece of information on the Internet.

[B]Internet :[/B] worldwide collection of computer networks that connects millions of busniesses, government agencies ,educational institutes and individuals to transfers and share information.

[B]Internet community:[/B] Group of individuals with common interests who frequently exchange ideas on the Internet.

[B]Internet Coporation for Assigned Names and Numbers(ICANN) : [/B]Gruop that assigns and controls top-level domains.

[B]Internet-enabled :[/B] Technology that allows mobile devices to connect to the Internet wirelessly.

[B]Internet digital subscriber line (IDSL):[/B] high-speed digital communications service that provides fast Internet access .

[B]Internet Explorer :[/B] Web browser included with windows operating system.

[B]Internet Postage :[/B] Digital postage technology that allows users with an authorized postage account to buy and print digital postage.

[B]Internet Protocol (IP) Address :[/B] Unique set of numbers that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet.

[B]Internet service provider (ISP):[/B] Regional or national organization/companies that provides access to the Internet for a fee.

[B]Internet Telephony/ Voice over IP(VoIP) :[/B] Technology that allows users to speak to other users over the Internet.

[B]Intruder :[/B] Unauthorized user or program, that have malicious intent, on a computer or computer network.

[B]IPv6 : [/B]New IP addressing scheme that may increase the number of available IP addresses.

[B]IrDA port :[/B] Port that uses infrared light waves to transmit signals between a wireless device and a computer.

[B]Iris recognization system : [/B]Biometric device that uses iris recognization technology to read patterns in the iris of the eye.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Irisrecognizationsystem.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Internet service provider (ISP) :[/B] Internet access provider.

[B]Itanium :[/B] Intel processor used by workstations and low end servers.

[CENTER][COLOR="Navy"][SIZE="5"][B]J[/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/CENTER]

[B]Java :[/B] Programming language designed for programs or applets used over the Internet.

[B]Jack :[/B] Term used to identify an audio or viedo port.

[B]Jewel box :[/B] Protective case ,used to store CDs and DVDs when not in use.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Jewelbox.jpg[/IMG]

Jitter : Small vibrations or fluctuations in a displayed video image caused by irregularities in the display signal.In digital communication, distortion caused by lack of synchronization of signals.

[B]Job :[/B] Specified amount of processing performed as a unit by a computer.

[B]Joysticks :[/B] Handheld vertical lever mounted on a base used to control actions of a simulated vehicle or player.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Joysticks1.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Joysticks.jpg[/IMG]

[B]JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)[/B] : ISO/ITU standard for storing complex images in compressed form using a discrete cosine transform.

[B]Jukebox [/B]: Software that is designed to play a list of sound files in a user-specified order reminiscent of juke-boxes used to play vinyl records.

[B]Justification : [/B]Aligning lines of text at the left margin, the right margin, both margins, or the center. Text aligned at both margins is considered fully justified.



[CENTER][B][SIZE="5"][COLOR="Navy"]K[/COLOR][/SIZE][/B][/CENTER]


[B]KBps:[/B] Kilobyte per second.

[B]Kalman filter [/B]: Adaptive filter used to estimate the state of a system from measurements that contain random errors.

[B]Kern[/B] :To alter selectively the distance between pairs of letters for readability and to make the type spacing more balanced and proportional.

[B]Kernal :[/B] The core of an operating system that manages memory and devices , maintains the computer's clock, starts programs and assign the computer 's resources.

[B]Keyboard :[/B] Input device that contains keys,user press to enter data and intrustion into computers;resembles a typewriter keyboard and that conveys information from a user to a computer or data communications circuit.

[B]Keyguard :[/B] Metal or plastic plate placed over the keyboard that allows users to rest their hands on the keyboard without accidently pressing any keys.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Keyguard1.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Keystroke :[/B] The depression of one key on a keyboard.

Keywords: Words or phrase entered in a search engine's text box that describe the item you want to find.

[B]Kluge :[/B] An expedient but often inelegant way to solve a problem when time is of the essence.

[B]Kill :[/B] To stop or abort a process in a program or operating system ,without hope of reversing the action.

[B]Kilobyte(KB or K) :[/B] Measurement of the storage capacity of a device , represent 1024 bytes.

[B]Kilocycle [/B]: Unit of measurement representing 1000 cycles, generally meaning 1000 cycles per second. .

[B]Kiosk :[/B] Freestanding computer that provides information to the public, , through multimedia dispaly , used by some busniess in public locations.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Kiosk.jpg[/IMG]

[B]knockout : [/B]In multicolor printing, the process of removing overlapping parts of image that are to be printed in a different color to print in the correct color such that ink colcors will not mix.

[B]knowbot (knowledge robot) :[/B] Artificial intelligence program that follows a set of predetermined rules to perform work, such as searching for files or looking for documents that contain specific pieces of information on a network.

[B]knowledge acquisition [/B]:Process of translating knowledge from one or more human experts into a form of representation usable by a computer, for the purpose of developing an expert system.

[B]knowledge engineer :[/B] Computer scientist who builds an expert system by acquiring the needed knowledge and translating it into a program.


[CENTER][COLOR="Navy"][SIZE="5"][B]L[/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/CENTER]


[B]L1 cache :[/B] A type of memory cache that is built directly into the processor chip, with a capacity of 8 KB to 16 KB.

[B]L2 Cache :[/B] A type of memory cache that is slightly slower than L1 cache, but has a much larger capacity, ranging from 64 KB to 16 MB.

[B]L3 Cache :[/B] Cache on the motherboard that is separate from processor chip.

[B]Label printer :[/B] Small printer that prints on adhesive-type material that can be placed on item such as envelopes,packages, floppy disks ,CDs,DVDs, audio cassettes, photos ,file folders and toys.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Labelprinter.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Land scape Orientation [/B]: A printout that is wider than it is tall with information printed across the widest part of the paper.

[B]Laptop Computer :[/B] Portable,personal computer designed to fit on a user's lap.

[B]Laser Printer :[/B] Type of high speed , high qualilty nonimpact printer that creates images using a laser beam and powdered ink called toner.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/LaserPrinter.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/laser-printer-path.gif[/IMG]

[B]LCD Monitors :[/B] Desktop monitor that uses a liquid crystal display instead of a cathode ray tube to produce images on screen , resulting in a sharp, flicker-free display .

[B]LCD Projector :[/B] projector that uses liquid crystal display technology that attaches directly to a computer and uses its own light soucrce to display the information shown on the computer screen.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/LCDProjector.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/How-LCD-Projectors-Work.gif[/IMG]

[B]Legal Software :[/B] Application software that aasists in the preparation of legal document and provides legal information to individuals ,families and small busniesses.

[B]Light Gun :[/B] Input device used in video and computer games to shoot targets and moving objects after you pull the trigger on the weapon.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/LightGun.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Light Pen :[/B] Handheld input device that can detect the presence of light.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/light-pen.jpg[/IMG]

[B]LightScribe Technology :[/B] Technology used by some optical drives that can etch lables directly on a specially coated optical disc, as adhesive label on the disc.

[B]Line Printer : [/B]Type of high-speed impact printer that prints an entire line at a time.

[B]Link :[/B] Built-in connection to another related Web page or part of a Web page.

[B]Liquid Cooling Technology :[/B] A continuous flow of fluid ,such as water and glycol, that transfers the heated fluid away from the processor, cools the liquid ,then returns the cooled fluid to the processor.

[B]Live CD :[/B] Bootable CD drive, which allows users to preview an operating system without installing it.

[B]Live USB :[/B] Bootable USB drive,which allows users to preview an operating system without installing it.

[B]Loaded :[/B] Copied from a computer's hard disk into memory.

[B]Loads : [/B]Process of a computer copying a program from storage to memory.

[B]Log on :[/B] To access a computer or network as a user.

[B]Longitudinal Recording :[/B] Storage techniques in which magnetic particles are aligned horizontally around the surface of the disk.

[CENTER][B][COLOR="Navy"][COLOR="Navy"][SIZE="6"]M[/SIZE][/COLOR][/COLOR][/B][/CENTER]

[B]M- commerance :[/B] E-commerce that takes place using mobile devices.

[B]Mac OS X :[/B] Multitasking operating system that is latest version of the Macintosh operating system.

[B]Machine cycle :[/B] Four basic operations performed by the processor : fetch, decoding, executing and storing)

[B]Macro :[/B] Sequences of keystrokes and instructions that a user records and saves.

[B]Magnetic Disks :[/B] Storage medium that uses magnetic particles to store items such as data , instructions and information on disk's surface.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/MagneticDisks1.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/MagneticDisks.gif[/IMG]

[B]Magnetic-ink Character recognition :[/B] Technology that reads text printed with magnetized ink.

[B]Magnetic stripe card reader/Magstrip reader:[/B] Reading device that reads the magnetic stripe on the back of credit , entertainment ,bank and other similar cards.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Magneticstripecardreader.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM):[/B] Newer type of RAM that stores data using magnetic charges instead of electrical charges.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/MagnetoresistiveRAMMRAM3.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Mailing List :[/B] Group of e-mail names and addresses given a single name, also called distribution list.

[B]Main memory : [/B]Type of memory that can be read from and written to by the processor and other devices, known as RAM .

[B]Mainframe :[/B] Large,expensive ,powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously, storing tremendous amounts of data, instruction and information.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/mainframe.gif[/IMG]

[B]Malware :[/B] Short for malicious software ; programs that act without a user's knowledge and deliberately alter a computer's operations.

[B]Margins:[/B] The portion of a page outside the main body of text, including the top, the bottom and both sides of the paper.

[B]Massively parallel processing :[/B] Large scale parallel processing that involves hundreds or thousands of processors.

[B]MBps :[/B] Magabytes per second.

[B]Mechanical mouse :[/B] Mouse that has a rubber or metal ball on its underside.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Mechanicalmouse.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Media Center PC :[/B] Home entertainment desktop computer that provides a means of accessing television programs, radio, broadcasts,photos and videos ,as well as basic computing capabilities.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/MediaCenterPC.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Media Player :[/B] Utilities program that allows to viwe animations ,listen to audio and watch video files.

[B]Memory :[/B] Electronic components in a computer that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instruction.

[B]Memory Module :[/B] Small circuit board that houses RAM chips and is held in a memory slot on the motherboard.

[B]Memory resident :[/B]Remaining in memory while a computer is running.

[B]Memory slots :[/B] Slots on the motherboard that hold memory modules.

[B]Memory Stick :[/B] Type of miniature mobile storage medium that is a flash memory card capable of storing between 256 MB and 4 GB of data.

[B]Menu :[/B] Item on the computer screen that contains a list of commands from which a user can make selections.

[B]Massage Board :[/B] Web-based type of discussion gruop that does not require a newsreader.

[B]Magnetic ink Character Recognization (MICR):[/B] Technology that reads text printed with magnetized ink.

[B]MICR Reader :[/B] Reading device that converts MICR characters into a form that a computer can process.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/MICRReader.png[/IMG]

[B]Micro browser :[/B] Special type of browser designed for small screens and limited computing power of Internet-enabled mobile devices.

[B]Microcode:[/B] Instructions programmers use to program a PROM chip.

[B]Microfiche:[/B] A small sheet of film, usually 4 inches by 6 inches in size , on which microscopic images of documents are stored.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Microfiche1.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Microfilms :[/B] A roll of film, usually 100 to 215 feet long,on which microscopic images of documents are stored.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Microfilm.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Microprocessor :[/B] Processsor chip for a personal computers.

[B]MicroSD :[/B] Type of miniature mobile storage medium that is a flash memory card capable of storing between 512 MB and 6 GB of data.

[B]Microsoft Surface :[/B] Touch screen with a 30-inch tabletop Display that allow one or more people to interact with the screen using their fingers or hands.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/MicrosoftSurface.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Musical instrument digital interface (MIDI) :[/B] Electronic music industry's standard that defines how devices represent sounds electronically.

[B]Mini Discs :[/B] Optical disc with a size of three inches or less used by smaller computers and devices.

[B]Millions of instructions per second (MIPS) :[/B] measurement of system's clock speed.

[B]Mobile computers :[/B] Personal computers that a user can carry from one place to another place.

[B]Mobile device :[/B] Computing device small enouhg for a user to hold in his hand.

[B]Mobile Printers:[/B] Small Lightweight , battery powered printer used by a mobile user to print from a note book computer or Tablet PC, smart phone or other personal mobile devices while travelling.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Portable-Printers.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Mobile User :[/B] User who work on a computer while away from a main office ,home office .

[B]Moderator :[/B] Person who reviews contents of a newsgroup article and then post it,if appropiate.

[B]Monochrome :[/B] Display Device capability in which infromation appears in one color(white) on a different color backgroud(black)

[B]Motherboard :[/B] Main circuit board of the system unit, which has some electronic components attached to it and others built into it.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Motherboard.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Motion-sensing game controllers:[/B] Input devices used with computer and viedo games that allow the user to guide on-screen elements by moving a handheld input device in predetermined directions through the air.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/playstation_move.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Mouse :[/B] Pointing device that fits comfortably under the palm of a user's hand.

[B]Mouse Gestures :[/B] Capability that allows users to perform certain operations by holding a mouse button while moving the mouse in a particular pattern.

[B]Mouse Pad :[/B] Rectangular rubber or foam pad that provides traction for a mechnical mouse.

[B]Mouse Pointer:[/B] Small symbol that display on computer screen whose location and shape changes as a user moves a mouse.

[B]MP3 : [/B]Format that reduces an audio file to about one-tenth of its original size,while preserving much of the original quality of sound.

[B]MP4 :[/B] Viedo compression standard.

[B]MPEG :[/B] Moving Pictures Expert Group.

[B]MPR II :[/B] set of standards that defines acceptable levels of electromagnetic radiation for a monitor.

[B]Multi-core Processor :[/B] Single chip with two or more seperate processors.

[B]Multifunctional Peripheral :[/B] Output device that looks like a copy machine but provides the functionality of a printer ,scanner,copy machine and Fax machine.

[B]Multimedia :[/B] Any Application that combines text with graphics ,animation,audio, viedo, and virtual reality.

[B]Multiprocessing :[/B] Two or more processor runing programs at the same time.

[B]Multipurpose Operating System :[/B] Operating system behave both as stand alone operating system and as a nerwork operating system.

[B]Multiuser :[/B] two or more users to run programs simultaneously.

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[B]National ISP :[/B]Internet service provider that provides Internet access in cities and towns nationwide.

[B]Native Resolution :[/B] The specific resolution for which an LCD is geared.

[B]Near latter Quality (NLQ) :[/B] Printer output that is slightly less clear than what is acceptable for busniess letter.

[B]Netiquette :[/B] Code of acceptable behaviours users should follow while on the Internet, short for Internet etiquette.

[B]NetWare :[/B] Network operating system designed by Novell for client server networks.

[B]Networks :[/B] Collection of computers and devices connected togather,wirelessly ,via communication devives and transmission media ,allowing devices to share resources and information.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/the-business-of-computer-14.jpg[/IMG]


[B]Network Administrator :[/B] Employee who configure users,installs and maintain LANs,WANs , internets ; identifies and resolves connectivity issues.

[B]Network Operating system :[/B] Operating system that organizes and coordinates how multiple users access and share resources on anetwork.

[B]News Server : [/B]Computer that stores and distribute newsgruop messages.

[B]Newsgroup :[/B] Online area in which users have written discussions about a particular subject.

[B] Non impact Printers :[/B]Type of printer that form characters and graphics on piece of paper without actually striking the paper.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/printers_repair.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Nonimpactprinters.gif[/IMG]


[B]Nonresident :[/B] Instructions that remain on hard disk untill they are needed.

[B]Nonvolatile memory :[/B] Type of memory that does not lose its contents when a computer's power is turned off.

[B]Note Taking Softwares :[/B] Application softwares that enables users to enter typed text, hand written comments, drawing and sketches anywhre on a page.

[B]NSFnet :[/B] The National Science Foundation's network of five computers.






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[B]Optical Character Recognizer(OCR)Software :[/B] Software that enables scanners to read and convert text document into electronic files.

[B]Online : [/B]State of computer or user when it is connected to a network.

[B]Online Auction :[/B] E-commerce method that allows consumers to bid on an item being sold by someone else.

[B]Online Banking :[/B] Online connection to a bank's computer to access account balances, pay bills and copy monthly transactions to a user's computer.

[B]Online community :[/B] Web site that joins a specific group of people with similar interests or relationships.

[B]Online investing :[/B] Use of a computer to buy and sell stock and bonds online , without using a broker.

[B]Online service provider (OSP)[/B] : Company that provides Internet access as well as many members-only features.

[B]Online Social Network :[/B] Web sites that encourage memebers in its online community to share their interests , ideas, photos, experineces, music, viedos etc. with other registered members.

[B]Online storage :[/B] Service on the web that provides hard disk storage to computer users for free or for minimal monthly fee.

[B]Open source softwares :[/B] Softwares provided for use , modification and redistribution , e.g Unix.

[B]Operating System :[/B] Set of programs containing instructions that works togather to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware devices.

[B]Optical Resolution :[/B]The actual photographed resolution ar which a digital camera can capture a digital images.

[B]Organic LED(OLED) :[/B] Technology that uses organic molecules that produces an even brighter ,easier-to-read display than standard displays.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/organicLED.png[/IMG]

[B]Output:[/B] Data that has been processed into useful form.

[B]Output devices :[/B] Hardware components that conveys information to the users.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/outputdevice.jpg[/IMG]

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[B]Packaged Softwares :[/B] Mass-produced,copy righted retail softwares that meets the needs of a wide variety of users, not just a single user or a organization.

[B]Page Description language (PDL):[/B] Software that tells the printer how to layout the content of a printed page.

[B]Page layout : [/B]Process of arranging text and graphics in a document on a page.

[B]Paging :[/B] Technique of swaping data between memory and storage.

[B]Palm OS :[/B] Scaled-down operating system that runs on smart phones and PDAs.

[B]Parallel Port :[/B] Type of interface that connects devices to the system unit by transferring more than one bit at a time ;block of bits.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Parallel_computer_printer_port.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/parallel.gif[/IMG]

[B]Parallel processing :[/B] Processing method that uses multiple processors simultaneously to execute a single program or task in order to speed processing times.

[B]Participatory Web :[/B] Websites that allows users to modify Website contents ,provide a means for users to share personal information and have application softwares built into the site for visitors to use .

[B]Passive-matrix Display :[/B] LCD monitors or screen technology that uses fewer transistors ,requires less power and is less expensive .

[B]Password :[/B] Private combination of characters associated with the user name that allows access to certain computer resouces.

[B]Pasting :[/B] Process of transferring information/data from a clipboard to a specific location in a document or folder or drive.

[B]PC Cards :[/B] Thin , credit card-sized removeable flash memory devices that fits into a PC Card slot and used to add memory ,storage ,communications, multimedia and security capabilities to a computer.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/pccrads.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI): [/B]Highh speed expension bus that connects higher speed devices.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/PCI.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Pen Drive :[/B] Flash memory devices that plugs in a USB port on a computer and portable device.

[B]Pen Input :[/B] Input device used to write , draw, and tap on aflat surface to enter input.

[B]Pentium :[/B] Family of Intel processors used by less expensive ,basic PCs.

[B]Performance Monitors :[/B] Operating system programs that assesses and reoprts information about various computer devices and resources.

[B]Peripherals :[/B] Devices that connect to a system unit and is controlled by the processor in the computer.

[B]Perpendicular Recording :[/B]Storage technique in which magnetic particles are aligned vertically, or perpendicular to the disk's surface ,making much greater storage capacities possible.

[B]Personal Computer : [/B]Computer that can perform all of its input ,processing , output and storage activities by itself and contains processors ,memory and one or more input ,output and storage devices.

[B]Personal computer maintanace Utility :[/B] Utility programs that identifies and fixes operating system problems detects and repair disk problems and includes the capability of improving a computer's performance.

[B]Personal computer Memory Card International Association :[/B] Association that developed the standards for PC cards to help ensure the interchangeability of the cards among mobile computers.

[B]Persona Digital Assistant (PDA) :[/B]Lightweight mobile device that provides personal organizer functions such as a calender,appointment book,address book, calculator and notepad.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/PDA.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Personal Desktop Publishing (DTP) Softwares :[/B] Application softwares that helps home ,small office users to create newsletters,brochures,advertisements,post-cards,greeting cards, letterhead,busniess cards, banners, calanders,logos and web pages.

[B]Personal Firewall :[/B] Utility program that detects and protect the personal computer from unauthorized intrusions.

[B]Personal Identification Number(PIN) :[/B] Numeric password ,either assigned by a company or selected by a user.

[B]Personal Information Manger(PIM) :[/B] Application software that includes features to help users to organize personal information.

[B]Phishing :[/B] Scam in which perpetrator attempts to obtain personal or financial information.

[B]Phishing Filter :[/B] Program that warns or blocks user from potentially fraudulent or suspicious Web sites.

[B]Photo sharing community :[/B] Specific type of social networking Websites that allows users to create an online photo album to store and share their digital photos.

[B]PicBridge[/B]: Standard technology used with photo printers that allows user to print picture directly from a digital camera by connecting a cable from the digital camera to a USB port on printer.

[B]Pipelining :[/B] Concept in which processor begain fetching a second instruction before it completes the machine cycle for the first instruction.

[B]Pixel :[/B] Smallest element of a image;short of picture element.

[B]Pixel per Inch (ppi) :[/B] Number of pixel in one inch of screen display.

[B]Plasma Monitor :[/B] Display device that uses plasma technology ,which sanwiches a layerof gas between two glass plates.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/22_-_tv_monitor_plasma_58_pol_.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/plasma-display-side.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Platform :[/B] Set of programs containing instructions that coordinates all the activities among computer hardware resources.

[B]Platter :[/B] component of the hard disk that is made of aluminum ,glass, or ceramic and is coated with an alloy material that allows data to be recorded magnetically on its surface.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/hard_drive_2.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Player: [/B]Software used to listen to an audio and viedo file on computer.

[B]Plotters :[/B] Sophisticated printers that produce high-quality drawings such as blueprints,maps and circuit diagrams using row of charged wires(styli) to draw an electrostatic pattern on specially coated paper and then fuse toner to the pattern.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/plotters.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/plotter1.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Plug and Play : [/B]Technology that gives the computer the capability to configure adapter cards and other peripheral automatically as a user install them.

[B]Plug-in :[/B] Small Program that extend the capability of browsers.

[B]PNG :[/B] Graphics format that improves upon the GIF format.

[B]Pocket Hard drive:[/B] Type of miniature hard disk that is self-contained unit user insert in and remove from a slot or USB port in a device or a computer.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/PocketHarddrive.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/HPPocketMediaExternal160GBHardDrive.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Podcast:[/B] Recorded audio stored on a website that can be downloaded to a computer or a portable media player such as iPod.

[B]Point-and-shoot camera:[/B]Affordable and light weight camera that provides acceptable quality photographics images for home pr small office users.

[B]Pointing Devices:[/B] Input devices that allows users to control the pointer on the screen.

[B]Pointing Stick:[/B] Pressure sensitive pointing device shaped like a pencil eraser that is position between keys on keyboard and moved by pushing the pointing stick with a fingure.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/pointungstick.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Pop-up Ad :[/B] Internet advertisement that suddenly appear in new window in the foreground of aa web page displayed in the user's browsers.

[B]Pop-up Blocker [/B]: Filtering programs that stops pop-up ads from displying o web pages.

[B]Port :[/B] Point at which peripheral attaches or communicate with system unit so it cab send data to or recieve information from the computer.

[B]Port Replicator :[/B] External device that attaches to a mobile computers to provide connection to peripherals through ports built into the replicator.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/port-replicator.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/portreplicators.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Portable :[/B] Capability to remove from one computer and carried to another computer.

[B]Portal :[/B] website that offers varity of internet services from a single, convenient location.

[B]Post :[/B] Add article to newsgroup.

[B]Post office Protocol(POP) :[/B]Communication standars ,rule used by incoming mails servers.

[B]Postage printer :[/B]Special type of albel printer that prints postage stamps.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/4e2623658d2d8_206930b.jpg[/IMG]

[B]PostScript :[/B] Standard language by professionals in the destop publishing and graphics art fields,designed for complex document with intense graphics and colors.

[B]Power-on Self Test (POST) :[/B] Series of test that is executed by the BIOS to make sure the computer hardware is connected and operating properly when system boots.

[B]Power Supply :[/B] Component of the system unit that converts wall outlet AC power into DC power that is used by the computer.

[B]Power User :[/B] Users who requires the capabilities of a work station or other powerful computers.

[B]Predictive Text Input :[/B] Smart phone technology where pressing one key on keyboard for each latter in a word and software predict the word user want.

[B]Preemptive Multitasking :[/B] Process in which the operating system interrupts a program that is executing and passes control to another program waiting to be executed.

[B]Print [/B]: placing a copy of document on paper.

[B]Print Spooler :[/B] Program that intercepts documents to be printed from the operating system and places them in a queue.

[B]Printer:[/B] Output device that produces text and graphics on a physical medium such as paper or transparency film.

[B]Printer Control Language :[/B] Standard printer language that supports the fonts and lauout used in standard office documents.

[B]Printout :[/B] Printed information that exists physically and is a more permanent form of output than that presented on a display device.

[B]Product Activation :[/B] Technique that software manufacturers use to ensure that software is not installed on computers then legally lincensed.

[B]Program :[/B] series of instructions that tells the computer what to do and how to do ,aslo called softwares.

[B]Programmable Read only memory (PROM) :[/B]Blank chip on which a programmer can write a program permanently .

[B]Project Management Software:[/B] Application softwares that allows a user to plan,shedule, track, and analyze the events,resources and cost of the project.

[B]Proprietary Softwares:[/B] Software that is privately owned and limited to a seocific vendor or computer model.

[B]Public Domain Softwares :[/B] Free software that has been donated for public use and has no copyright restriction.

[B]Publish :[/B] Process of creating a Web page and making it available on the internet for other to see and use.

[B]Pull :[/B] Request information from the web servers.

[B]Push :[/B] process of a Web server sending content to a computer at regular intervals, such as current score s or weather reports.

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[B]Quad-core processor :[/B] Chip with four separate processors.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Quad-coreprocessor.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Query :[/B] Request for specific data from database.

[B]Queue :[/B] Lineup of multiple jobs within the buffer.



[CENTER][B][COLOR="Navy"][SIZE="5"]R[/SIZE][/COLOR][/B][/CENTER]

[B]Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) : [/B]Protocol that defines how a network uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object , an animal or a person.

[B]Raster Image Processor (RIP) :[/B] device that handles computer output as a grid of dots. Dot-matrix, inkjet, and laser printers are all raster image processors.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/rip.png[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/rip-1.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Rave :[/B] To annoy someone by persistently talking about something.

[B]Random Access :[/B] Type of data access in which The ability of a computer to find and go directly to a particular storage location without having to search sequentially from the beginning location; also called direct Access.

[B]Random Access Memory (RAM) :[/B] Type of memory that can be read from and write to by the processor and other devices .Programs and data are loaded into RAM from storage devices such as a hard diskand remain in RAM as long as the computer has contineous power.

Rambus DRAM(RDRAM ): Type of RAM that uses pipeling technology.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/rdram.gif[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/RambusDRAMRDRAM.gif[/IMG]

[B]Raw data :[/B] Unprocessed, typically unformatted, data, such as a stream of bits that has not been filtered for commands or special characters.

[B]Read :[/B] To transfer data,instruction and information from an external storage medium into internal storage (main memory).

[B]README :[/B] File containing information that the user either needs or will find informative and that might not have been included in the documentation.

[B]Read only Memory (ROM) :[/B] Type of nonvolatile memory that is used to store permnanent data and instructions.

[B]Read/write Heads :[/B] Mechnisim in hard drive that reads data or write data as it barely touches the disk's recording surface.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/recover-data-hard-drive-2.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Real mode :[/B] Mode in whic the processor can execute only one program at a time. It can access no more than about 1 MB of memory, but it can freely access system memory and input/output devices.It is the only mode possible in the 8086 processor and is the only operating mode supported by MS-DOS

[B]Real time :[/B] Describles that computer must respond to situations as they occur ; characteristic of aircraft guidance systems, transaction-processing systems and scientific applications.

[B]Real-time system :[/B] Computer and/or a software system that reacts to events before the events become obsolete.

[B]Real-time streaming : [/B]Process of delivering a streaming media file via a specialized streaming media server using real time streaming protocol (RTSP). With real-time streaming, the file itself actually plays on the streaming media server, even though it is viewed on the computer that opened the file.

[B]Really simple syndication(RSS) :[/B]Specification that content aggregators use to distribute contents to subscribers.

[B]Reboot : [/B]To restart a computer by reloading the operating system.

[B]Receive :[/B] Accept data from an external communications system, such as a local area network or a telephone line and store the data as a file.

[B]Recompile : [/B]To compile a program again, because of changes that needed to be made in the source code in response to error messages generated by the com-piler

[B]Record : [/B]A collection of all the information pertaining to a particular subject.

[B]Recursion : [/B]Ability of a routine to call itself ;enables certain algorithms to be implemented with small, simple routines, but it does not guarantee speed or efficiency.

[B]Recover :[/B] Return to a stable condition after some error has occurred.

[B]Recovery :[/B]The restoration of lost data or the reconciliation of conflicting or erroneous data after a system failure. Recovery is often achieved using a disk or tape backup and system logs.

[B]Recovery Disk : [/B]Special disk that contains a few system files capable of restarting a computer,which is used when the computer cannot boot from its hard disk.

[B]Recycle Bin :[/B] Folder in Windows OS,represented by an icon on the screen resembling a basket decorated with the recycling logo. A file in the Recycle Bin is not actually deleted from the disk until the user opens the Recycle Bin, selects the file, and presses the Delete key; until then, the user can retrieve it.

[B]Redlining :[/B] A word processing feature that allows writers and editors to display the additions and deletions they have made in a document. Redlining in drafts of reports, contracts, and manuscripts makes it easy for others to see the changes that have been made.

[B]Redundancy :[/B]Using one or more servers/devices to perform identical tasks. If one of the crashes, another assumes its tasks. Redundancy ensures that system will continue to function if one of the device /server stops working.

[B]Redundant Array of idependant disks (RAID) [/B]: Group of two or more integrated hard disks that function as a single storage unit.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/RedundantArrayofidependantdisksRAID.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Re-engineering :[/B] To change the way work is done in order to maximize the benefits of new technology; to rethink and redefine processes and procedures .

[B]Refactoring : [/B]Process of reorganizing a computer program without changing its functionality. Refactoring a program means dividing it up into conceptual units and eliminating repetitious code.

[B]Refresh :[/B]to update the contents of a window to show information that has changed.

[B]Reginal ISP :[/B] Internet service provider that provides Internet access to a specific geographic area.

[B]Registers :[/B] Small, high speed storage locations in a process that temporarilly hold data and information.

[B]Registry :[/B]central hierarchical database of Servaral files that contains the system configuration information.

[B]Regression Testing :[/B] Complete retesting of a modified program, rather than a test of only the modified routines, to ensure that no errors have been introduced with the modifications.

[B]Relational Database : [/B]Database system that stores information in tables (rows and columns) of data and conducts searches by using data in specified columns of one table to find additional data in another table.

[B]Relational model :[/B] Data model in which the data is organized in relations (tables).

[B]Release : [/B]Version of a product that is available in general distribution.

[B]Reliability :[/B] Likelihood of a computer system or device continuing to function over a given period of time and under specified conditions.

[B]Reload : [/B]Load a program into memory from a storage device again in order to run it, because the system has crashed or the program’s operation was otherwise interrupted.To retrieve a new copy of the Web page currently visible in a Web browser.

[B]Remote Communications :[/B] Interaction with a remote computer through a telephone connection or another communications line.

[B]Remote Installation Services :[/B] Software services that allow an administrator to set up new client computers remotely, without having to visit each client. The target clients must support remote booting.

[B]Remote Surgery :[/B] Surgery in which surgeon performs an operation on a patient who is not located in the same physical room as the surgeon; also called telesurgery.

[B]Removeable Hard Disk :[/B] Hard Disk that can be inserted and removed fron the device.

[B]Render :[/B] To produce a graphic image from a data file on an output device such as a video display or printer.

[B]Repetitive Strain Injury(RSI) :[/B] An occupational disorder of the tendons, ligaments, and nerves caused by the cumulative effects of prolonged repetitious movements; appearing with increasing frequency among office workers who spend long hours typing at computerized workstations that are not equipped with safeguards such as wrist supports.

[B]Replace :[/B] Allows user to substitute existing character or word in a document with new ones.

[B]Replay attack :[/B] Attack in which a valid message is intercepted and then repeatedly retransmitted, either for fraudulent purposes or as part of a larger attack scheme.

[B]Replication :[/B] In a distributed database management system, the process of copying the database or parts of it, to the other parts of the network

[B]Repository :[/B] Collection of information ;data dictionary.

[B]Reserved word :[/B] Word that has special meaning to a program or in a programming language.

[B]Reset button :[/B] A device that restarts a computer without turning off its power.

Resolution : Number of horizontal and vertical pixels in a display device.

[B]Resources :[/B] Hardware, softwares,data and information shared using the network.

[B]Response time :[/B] The time a computer takes to execute a command.

[B]Restore :[/B] Copy files from a backup storage device to their normal location, especially if the files are being cop-ied to replace files that were accidentally lost or deleted.

[B]Restore Program :[/B] Program that reverses the backup process and returns back up files to their original form.

[B]Retinal Scanner :[/B] Biometric device that scan the pattern of blood vessels in the back of retina.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/RetinalScanner.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Retrieve.[/B] To call up information from memory or storage so that it can be processed in some way.

[B]Retrocomputing : [/B]Hobby of preserving old computer technology, either by maintaining the machines themselves or by emulating them on newer equipment.

[B]Return key :[/B] Key on a keyboard that is used to terminate input of a field or record or to execute the default action of a dialog box

[B]Reusability :[/B]The ability of code or a design to be usable again in another application or system.

[B]Revolution per minute :[/B] Number of times per minute that a hard disk platter rotates.

[B]Rip :[/B] To convert audio data from a compact disc into a WAV file or other digital format, typically in preparation for further encoding as an MP3 file

[B]Ripple :[/B] Process of copying audio and/or viedo data from a purchased disc and saving it on digital media.

[B]Robotics : [/B]Branch of engineering devoted to the creation and training of robots. Roboticists work within a wide range of fields, such as mechanical and electronic engineering, cybernetics, bionics, and artificial intelligence .

[B]Robust :[/B]Able to function or to continue functioning well in unexpected situations.

[B]ROFL :[/B] Expression, used mostly in newsgroups and online conferences, to indicate one’s appreciation of a joke or other humorous circumstance; acronym for rolling on the floor, laughing..

[B]Rollback :[/B] Return to a previous stable condition, as when the contents of a hard disk are restored from a backup after a destructive hard disk error

[B]Root :[/B]The main or uppermost level in a hierarchically organized set of information.

[B]Round Robin : [/B]Sequential, cyclical allocation of resources to more than one process or device.

[B]Roundtripping :[/B] Process of converting files from one format to another for viewing or editing and then converting the files back to the original format again.

[B]Router :[/B] Intermediary device on a communications network that expedites message delivery.

[B]Routine :[/B] Any section of code that can be invoked (executed) within a program.

[B]Routing :[/B]Process of forwarding packets between networks from source to destination.

[B]Row :[/B] A horizontal block of cells in a table or spreadsheet.

[B]Ruler :[/B] A bar that shows the width of the page, the margin settings, the paragraph indentions, and the tab stops.

[B]Run :[/B] process of using software .

[B][CENTER][SIZE="5"][COLOR="Navy"] S[/COLOR][/SIZE][/CENTER][/B]


[B]Safe mode :[/B] Way of running Windows with many special hardware drivers disabled, to work around problems with improperly installed hardware or software.

[B]SATA ( Serial Advance Technology Attachment ) :[/B] Hard Disk interface that uses serial signals to transfer data , instruction and information and has transfer rate upto 300 MBps and Higher .

[B]Save : [/B]To store a program or data on a storage device such as a disk from computer's main memory .

[B]Scanner : [/B]An input device that reads the printed text, graphics and then translate the result into form the computer can process .

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/scanner.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/scanner2.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Screen dump :[/B] A printout of what is displayed on the screen.

[B]Screen saver : [/B]A program that changes the screen display while the user is away from the computer or if no mouse activity occurs for a specific time;used primarily for esthetic purposes.

[B]Scroll :[/B] Process of moving information horizontally or vertically on a display screen so that one can see parts of a document that is too wide or too deep to fit entirely on one screen.

[B]Scroll bar :[/B] An onscreen element that allows a user to scroll by using a mouse.

[B]Search :[/B] Feature that allows user to locate all occurance of a certain word ,character or a phrase.

[B]Search and replace :[/B] A command that directs the program to locate a character string or information wherever it occurs in a document and replace this material with new information.

[B]Search engine :[/B] Program that looks and finds information ,websites, web pages,images,viedos, news and other information related to specific topic on the Internet, helps Web users to locate data by means of a keyword or concept ,most popular search engines are Google, Yahoo!, Excite, WebCrawler, and AltaVista.

[B]Search Text :[/B] Word or phrase entered in a search engine's text box that describe that data or information user wants to find.

[B]Sector :[/B] Smallest organized unit of data on a hard disk; small arcs into which tracks on disk are didvided.

[B]Secure Digital (SD) : [/B]Type of miniature mobile storage medium that is a flash memoer card capable of storing between 64 MB to 8 GB of data.

[B]Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) : [/B]Technology that encrypts, or encodes, information that is sent from browser to a Web server.

[B]Seek Time :[/B] Average time taken by a disk drive to move from one track to another.

[B]Sequential Access :[/B]Type of data access in which the storage device read/write data consecutively.

[B]Serial Port :[/B] Type of interface that connects a device to the system unit by transmitting data one bit at a time.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/SerialPort.gif[/IMG]

[B]Server :[/B] A computer that delivers data to other computers (clients) linked on the same network and control the access to hardware , software and other resouces on a network; provide centralized storage area for programs, data and information.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/pdf-server.png[/IMG]

[B]Service pack : [/B]Free downloadable updates to software released by the software manufacturer.

[B]Shareware :[/B] Copyrighted Software that may be downloaded and distributed initially without charge for a trial period; the author may subsequently ask for some payment.

[B]Shockwave: [/B] This is a "plug-in" to the browser that allows you to view interactive Web pages that contain games, movies, advertisements, etc.

[B]Shopping Cart :[/B] Element of an electronic store front that allows a customer to collect purchases.

[B]Shortcut :[/B] Icon on the desktop that provides a user with immediate access to a program or a file.

[B]Shouting : [/B]The use of all caps in e-mail. This practice is considered a violation of netiquette and is actively discouraged.

[B]Shuttle Matrix printer :[/B] High Speed line printers that functions like a dot matrix printer.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/ShuttleMatrixprinter.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Shovelware.[/B] Mediocre material used to fill up space on a CD-ROM or a Web site.

[B]Sig block.[/B] The signature block that automatically appears at the end of every outgoing e-mail message ,also referred to as a .sig file.

[B]Signature verification System :[/B] Biometric device that organizes the shape of a person's handwritten signature and measures the presure exerted and the motion used to write the signature.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/charlie_046b_new.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Silicon Valley :[/B]the Santa Clara Valley and surrounding area between San Jose and San Francisco, California, including the cities of Cupertino,Sunnyvale, and Palo Alto. It is the home of numerous semiconductor and computer companies, including Google, Hewlett-Packard, Intel, and Apple, as well as Stanford University.

[B]Simple Mail Transfer Protocol(STMP): [/B]Communication Protocol used by outgoing mail servers.

[B]Simulator :[/B] Program that executes the instruction set of a processor of a different architecture, with the goal of understanding the other processor's behavior.

[B]Single Inline memory module (SIMM ) :[/B] Type of memory module that has pins on opposite sides of the circuit board that connect togather to form a single set of contact.

[B]Single user Multitasking :[/B] Allowing a single user to work on two or more programs that reside in memory at the same time.

[B]Single user single tasking : [/B]Allow only one user to run only one program at a time.

[B]Single session Disc[/B] : Disc on which manufacturers write all data at one time.

[B]Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) :[/B] Type of high speed parallel hardware and software interface used to attach peripherals devices to computer such as a disk drive or a CD-ROM.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/Small-Computer-System-Interface-SCSI.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Small office /Home office (SOHO) [/B]:Any company with fewer than 50 employees as well as self employed who work from t home.

[B]Smart Cards :[/B] Cards , similar in size to credit card or ATM card ,that store data on thin microprocessor embeded in the card.

[B]Smart Phones : [/B]Internel enabled telephones that also provides PDA capabilities.

[B]Smiley :[/B] In e-mail messages, a facial expression constructed sideways with standard characters. Also referred to as an emoticon .

[B]Smurfing : [/B]the practice of maliciously disrupting a computer by pinging it continuously ;flooding it with test data packets to which it must respond.

[B]Snail mail:[/B] A term employed by e-mail users to refer to regular mail service.

[B]Sneakernet:[/B] Procedure for transferring files from one computer to another when the computers are not connected by an electronic network, by removing diskettes or other storage devices.

[B]Socket :[/B] Electrical connector into which another connector, with pins, can be inserted.

[B]Sockpuppet :[/B] Fake online identity created by another user so that the user talks through another mouthpiece while pretending not to . Sockpuppets often pop up in forums to defend the original person’s arguments or to deliver praise in order to make the user seem more popular.

[B]Social Networking Web sites:[/B] Web sites that encourage memebers in its online community to share their interests , ideas, photos, experineces, music, viedos etc. with other registered members.

[B]Soft copy :[/B]Temporary Output Information presented on the display screen.

[B]Software: [/B] Series of instructions that tell the computer and computer networks what to do and to perform various functions.

[B]Software Engineering :[/B] Branch of science deals with the designing and constructing software.

[B]Software license :[/B] Agreement between the publisher of a computer program and the person who buys a copy of it, allowing the software to be used.

[B]Software Suite :[/B]Collection of indiviuall programs sold as single package.

[B]Sort :[/B] Arrange fields, records, or files in a predetermined sequence.

[B]Sound Cards :[/B] Adapter card that enhace the sound generating capabilities of a personal computer by allowing sound to be input through a micro phone and output through speaker or headset.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/sound-card-labeled.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Spam :[/B] Unsolicited e-mail message send to a great number of recipients without regard for their need to know.

[B]Spam Filter :[/B] Software that distinguishes SPAM from ordinary e-mail.

[B]Spammer :[/B] Person who sends out SPAM.

[B]Speakers :[/B]Output Devices that allow you to hear sound from the computer.

[B]Speech Recognition :[/B] Computer's capabilities to distinguishing spoken words.

[B]Spelling Checker : [/B]Features in software application that review the spelling of the individual words in a document.

[B]Spider :[/B] An automated program that searches the Internet for new Web sites and indexes their URLs and content descriptions in a database for examination by a search engine for matches.

[B]Spim. [/B]Spam that is delivered by instant messaging (IM Spim).

[B]Spit.[/B] Spam that is delivered by Internet telephony (IT).

[B]Split screen. [/B]The ability of some programs to display information in two or more different areas on the screen at the same time.

[B]Spoiler :[/B] Message that reveals a solution to a game or ending to a movie or a program.

[B]Spoofing :[/B] Act of impersonating a user or a machine.

[B]Spooling :[/B] Process that sends document to be printed to a buffer instead of sending them immediately /diectly to printer.

[B]Spreadsheet :[/B] A program that provides a worksheet and allow user to organize data in rows and columns to be used for calculations and the preparation of reports.

[B]Spyware :[/B] Software that enables a user to track someone’s computer activities without that person’s consent.

[B]Stack :[/B] an abstract data structure from which nodes are deleted in last-in,First-out order ,maintained by an operating system to manage a process,or maintained by the process itself.

[B]Steganography :[/B]concealment/hidding of a small message(image) inside a larger file(Image) that appears to consist entirely of something else.

[B]Startup folder :[/B] Folder that contains a list of programs that opens/rus automatically when computer boots.

[B]Storage : [/B]The memory location in which data,instruction and information are held for future use.

[B]Storage Medium :[/B]The physicall material on which compter keeps data

[B]Store : [/B]To place information in memory for later use.

[B]Stub :[/B] Temporary substitute for a part of a computer program that has not yet been written.

[B]Streaming :[/B] The process of transfering large amounts of audio or video information in contineous and even flow and playing them back on the computer.

[B]Style sheet :[/B] Collection of the user’s formatting decisions regarding font, type size, margins, justifica-tion, paragraph indentions, and the like.

[B]Stylus :[/B] Small matal or plastic device that looks like a ballpoints pen,uses pressure instead of ink to write, draw or make selections.

[B]Subject Directory :[/B] Search tool that classifies Web pages in an organized set of categories and subcategories.

[B]Subscribe : [/B]Process of a user adding thier e-mail, name and address to a mailing list.

[B]Subwoofer :[/B] Speaker components that boosts low base sound.

[B]SuperComputer:[/B] Fastest, most powerful and expensive,computers ,capable of processing more than 135 trillion instructions in a single second.

[B]Superscalar :[/B] Processors that can execute more than one instruction per clock cycle.

[B]Super Viedo Graphics Array(SVGA)[/B] :Video Standrard with a resolution of 800x600.

[B]SuperXGA (SXGA) :[/B] video Standars with resolution of 1280x1024.

[B]Surfing The Web :[/B] Activity to explore various Web sites on the Internet in search of interesting things.

[B]Surge protector :[/B] A device that protects computer hardware from being damaged by sudden increases in voltage.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Digital%20Glossary/surge-protector-diagram.gif[/IMG]


[B]Synchronous :[/B] controlled by a clock signal.

[B]Syntax:[/B] Rules that specify how the symbols of a language can be put together to form meaningful statements.

[B]Synthesizer :[/B] Pheripheral or chip that creates sound from digital instructions.

[B]System Board :[/B] Name sometime used for motherboard.

[B]System Bus :[/B] Bus that is part of mother board and connects the processor to main memory.

[B]System Clock :[/B] Small quartz crystal circuit that is used by the processor to control the timing of all computer operations.

[B]System on a Chip :[/B] Processor that integrate the functions of processor, memory and viedo card on a single chip.

[B]System Operator(SYSOP) [/B]: A person who operates a bulletin board system.

[B]System Softwares:[/B] Programs that control and maintain the operation of a computer and its devices.

[B]System time :[/B]time spent by the operating system on behalf of a user's program .

[B][CENTER][COLOR="Navy"][SIZE="5"]T[/SIZE][/COLOR][/CENTER][/B]

[B]Tabbed Browsing :[/B] Ability to open more than one page simultaneously in a web browser, with each page appearing as a tab on the screen allowing the user to quickly switch between them.

[B]Tab gird :[/B] Series of preset indentions.

[B]Tablet PC :[/B] Special Type of note book computer that resembles a letter-sized slate,which allows a user to write on the screen using a digital pen.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/TabletPC.png[/IMG]

[B]Tag Image File Format(TIFF) :[/B] Format for storing bitmapped images on disk, developed by Aldus, Microsoft. TIFF files can store very large images with millions of colors, using several kinds of data compression.

[B]Tape:[/B] Magnetically coated ribbon of plastic capable of storing large amount of data and information at a low cost.

[B]Tape Drive :[/B] Device that enables a computer to read and write magnetic tape.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/TapeDrive.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Tape Liberary :[/B] Separate cabinet for large computers in which tape cartridges are mounted.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/TapeLiberies.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Task Manager :[/B] Utility that shows a list of running programs and operating system tasks and allows user to terminate them.

[B]Taskbar :[/B] Area at the bottom of the screen in Windows, containing the "Start Button" and icon of every program that is currently running.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/taskbar.gif[/IMG]

[B]Teardrop attack :[/B] An Internet-based attack that breaks a message into a series of IP fragments with overlapping offset fields. When these fragments are reassembled at their destination, the fields don’t match, causing the system to hang, reboot, or crash.

[B]Technophile :[/B] Someone who is enthusiastic about emerging technology. Compare computerphile.

[B]Technophobe :[/B] A person who is afraid of or dislikes technological advances, especially computers.

[B]Telecommuting :[/B] Work arrangement in which employee work from a home office or away from company's stanadard workplace with the aid of a computer, modem, telephone, fax, and other specialized equipment.

[B]Telecommunications : [/B] The process of sending and receiving information by means of telephones, satellites, and others devices.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/telecommuting.png[/IMG]


[B]Teleconferencing : [/B]Conducting a conference by using computers, video, and telecommunications to share sound and images with others at remote sites.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Teleconferencing.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/teleconferencing-5.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Telematics :[/B] Wireless communications capabilities used in automobiles,including navigation system and internet access.

[B]Telemedicine :[/B]Form of long distance healthcare where healthcare professionals in separate location conduct live conference on the computer.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/telemedicine_baby_300px.jpg[/IMG][IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/telemedicine.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Telnet :[/B] Protocol for using one computer as a terminal on another; only textual communication is supported, not graphics.

[B]Template :[/B] Document that contains the formatting necessary for a specific document type.

[B]Terabyte (TB) :[/B] Approximately one trillion bytes.

[B]Terminal :[/B] Device consisting of a monitor,viedo card ,memory and keyboard which all housed in a single unit that can transmit or receive electronic information.

[B]Thin -flim Transistors (TFT) :[/B] LCD monitors technology that uses a separate transistor to apply charges to each liquid crystal cell and thus display high quality color that is viewable from all angles.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/What_is_TFT-LCD.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Thermal Printer :[/B] Type of nonimpact printer that generate images by pushing electrically heated pins against heat-sensitive paper.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Thermal_Transfer_Printing.png[/IMG]

[B]Thermal Wax-transfer Printers:[/B] Thermal printer that generates images by using heat to melt colored wax onto heat-sensitive paper.

[B]Thrashing :[/B] The state of an operating system that spends much of its time paging ,instead od executing application software.

[B]Thread :[/B] Series of messages in a discussion forum, each responding to the previous one;article consisting of original article and all subsequent related replies.

[B]Threaded Discussion :[/B] Online discussion where users can post comments, reply to a previous post, which may have been a reply to an earlier post. This keeps the replies organized in a hierarchical pattern so readers can easily follow the thread of one discussion.

[B]Threadjacking :[/B] Act of deliberately switching the topic of a forum thread; intentional topic drift.

[B]Throbber :[/B]An animated icon that moves while an application is completing a task, such as a browser loading a Web page. Serve to reassure the user that the application is still working on the task and has not frozen.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Throbber.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Throttle control :[/B] A device that enables the user of a flight simulator or game to control simulated engine power.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/POLINI-throttle-control.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Throughput :[/B] The data transfer rate of a network, mea sured as the number of bits per second transmitted.

[B]Thumb drive :[/B] Flash memory device that plugs in a USB port on a computer or portable device.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/pqi-usb-thumb-drive.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Thumbnail :[/B] small version of a larger graphics file displayed in order to identify it.

[B]Tilde : [/B] ~ Character , indicates the home directory of a particular user.

[B]Tile :[/B] Process to divide the screen into sections without overlapping one another.

[B]Tiger Team :[/B] A group of users, programmers, or hackers who are charged with finding flaws in networks, applications, or security procedures. Tiger teams may be hired

[B]Time bomb :[/B] Feature of software that renders the software unusable after a certain period of time.

[B]Time slice :[/B] A brief period of time during which a par-ticular task is given control of the microprocessor in a time-sharing multitasking environment.

[B]Timeout :[/B] Failure of an operation because it has exceeded the allowable time.

[B]Timesharing : Technique for running more than one program on the same computer at th[/B]e same time.

[B]Tinkerbell program :[/B] Program used to monitor network traffic and alert security administrators when con-nections are made from a predetermined list of sites and individuals.


[B]Title Bar :[/B] Horizontal space ,located at the top of the window ,that contains name, close,maximize and minimize optins.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/titlebar.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Toggle :[/B] To switch something back and forth from one state to another.

[B]Toggle Key : [/B]Key that switches between two states each time user presses the key.

[B]Tokenize :[/B] To break a character string into the smallest units .

[B]Toner : [/B] Type of powder ink that is used by laser printers and photocopy machines to create the image on paper to produce output. It consists of tiny particles of easily melted plastic.

[B]Toolbox :[/B] Collection of icons that represent frequently used commands, may be displayed across the top or side of the screen , able to relocate it by dragging it with the mouse.

[B]Topic Drift :[/B] Tendency of the topic of an online discussion to shift while the title of the messages remains the same, because everyone is replying to an existing message and therefore automatically keeping the same title.

[B]Top Level Domain (TLD) :[/B] Identifies the type of organization associated with the domain e.g .edu,.pk,.com etc.

[B]Topology :[/B] is the pattern of connections between the machines in the network,way or arrangement of computers in which they are connected.

[B]Torrent :[/B] File ready to be downloaded by the BitTorrent method.

[B]Touchpad : [/B]Device that substitute for a MOUSE on a laptop or notebook computer ,user uses a finger to make strokes on a rectangular touch sensor.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/touchpad03.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Touch Screen : [/B]Tuch sensitive display devices whith which user interact by touching areas of the screen or can point to things on it , without using a mouse.

[B]Tower :[/B] Tall and narrow system unit that can sit on the floor vertically if desktop space is limited.

[B]Trace :[/B]To execute a program step by step, observing the results of each step.

[B]Track :[/B] Narrow recording band that forms full circles on the surface of hard disk.

[B]Trackball:[/B] Stationary pointing device with a ball on its top ,similar in function to a mouse. The user rotates the ball in the direction desired.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/Trackball.png[/IMG]

[B]Tractor Feed :[/B] Mechanism that uses toothed gears to pull the paper forward in a dot-matrix computer printer. The teeth fit into the feed holes in the side of the paper.

[B]Trafic :[/B] Communication Activity on the Internet.

[B]Transfer Rate :[/B] Speed at which data is transferred to and a device; a measure of the performance of disk drives, modems, and other peripheral devices.

[B]Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol(TCP/IP) : [/B]Rules for transmitting data in packets from one computer to another on the Internet and various other networks.

[B]Transposition :[/B] Common typing error where the order of two keystrokes is reversed. For example, “the” may be typed as “hte.”

[B]Trapping :[/B] The act of detecting and responding to events that would ordinarily interrupt the operation of the computer.

[B]Trash :[/B] Place where deleted files are stored on the Macintosh.

[B]Tray :[/B] Small area on the screen at the right of the taskbar,holds the system clock display as well as icons for volume control and other device drivers such as printers, video card, and virus checkers.

[B]Treeware :[/B] Anything printed on paper.

[B]Trialware :[/B] Software that are allowed to use free for a limited period of time, but must purchase it when the trial period is over.

[B]Trojan Horse :[/B]Malicious program with a hidden destructive function, that hides with in or looks like legitimate program.

[B]Troll :[/B] Message that is posted in an online forum solely in order to stir up as many replies as possible, often contain deliberate misinformation or insults.

[B]Troubleshoot :[/B]To isolate the source of a problem in a program, computer system, or network and remedy it.

[B]Truncation :[/B] the act of cutting off part of something; specifically dropping digits of a number that are to the right of the decimal point and cutting off part of an image or a printed word when not enough space is available to print it.

[B]Tune :[/B] To improve the performance of a system by adjusting numerical para-meters such as the size of the swap file, the time delays allowed for cer-tain operations, and the like.

[B]Tunnel : [/B]Private, secure link between two distant places that connects two local-area networks on Internat.

[B]Tweak :[/B] To make final small changes to improve hardware or software performance; to fine-tune a nearly com-plete product.

[B]Twiddle : [/B]To make small changes in settings.

[B]Twisted pair :[/B] Pair of unshielded wires twisted together, providing a cheap and relatively noise free way to transmit signals.

minor mistakes

External power supply, used by some external peripherals,that [B]concert [/B]1-AC power in to DC power that the peripherals requires

2-Accelerated Graphics ports(AGP)-: Expensions bus designed by Intel to improve the speed with [B]with [/B]3-D graphics and video transmit .(its which)

3-LCD monitors or screen technology that uses [B]aseparate[/B] transistors to apply charges to each liquid crystal cell and thus display high quality color that is viewable from all angles.

4-Boot: Term that [B]ues[/B] for “ to start up” the computer.

5-Cybrarian : A person who makes a career of online research and data retrieval ;equivalent of a librarian[B](electronic equivalent of a librarian)[/B]


continue....

6-Cylinders : The vertical section of a hard disk track that passes through all [B]paltters[/B].

7-Daemon : program that runs continuously in the back-ground, [B]or [/B]is activated by a particular event(i think it's [B]and[/B] instead of [B]or[/B])

8-Dance Pad : Flat electronic [B]devives[/B] divided into panels that user presses with their feet in response to instruction from music viedo game

9-L3 Cache : Cache on the motherboard that is separate from processor [B]chip[/B]

continue

[QUOTE=azzee;444344]6

7-Daemon : program that runs continuously in the back-ground, [B]or [/B]is activated by a particular event(i think it's [B]and[/B] instead of [B]or[/B])

continue[/QUOTE]

or is ok ,but it should be like " program that runs continuously in the back-ground, or is activated by a particular event without human intervention"

Other are the typo mistakes , corrected now.

Highly appreciated .

[B][COLOR="Navy"][SIZE="5"][SIZE="5"][CENTER]U[/CENTER][/SIZE][/SIZE][/COLOR][/B]


[B]U3 Smart Derives : [/B]Special type of USB flash drive that includes pre-installed software accessed through a Windows type interface.

[B]Ultera Mobile PC (UMPC) :[/B] Computer small enough to fit in one hand.

[B]Ultra XGA (UXGA) :[/B] Viedo standard with the resolution of 1600x 1200.

[B]Underflow :[/B] In computation, a situation that arises when a number is too small to be represented in the chosen format.

[B]Undo :[/B]To reverse the effects of most recent operations/actions.

[B]Undock :[/B] To detach a laptop or other portable computer from docking station.

[B]Unicode : [/B]16-bit coding scheme that has the capability of representing more than 65,000 characters and symols.

[B]Uniform Resource Locator :[/B] specific Unique Internet address for a resource or web pages.

[B]Uninstaller :[/B] Utility program that removes a program , as well as any associated entries in the system files.

Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS): Battery-powered backup system that provides enough electricity during a power outage.

[B]Universal Serial Bus (USB) :[/B] A common interface for connecting multiple peripherals to a computer as needed.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/usba.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Universal Serial Bus Port [/B]:port that can connect up to 127 different perpherals devices with a single connector type.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/usbport.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Universal product code (UPC) :[/B]Bar code used by retail and grocery stores.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/UniversalproductcodeUPC.gif[/IMG]

[B]Universal Media Disk (UMD) :[/B] Mini-DVD used specifically with the PlayStation Portable Handheld game console.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/umd_insert_psp.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Unmcompress :[/B] To restore a compressed ,or zipped file to its original form.

[B]Unsubscribe : [/B]process of a user removing his or her e-mail name and address from the mailing list.

[B]Unzip :[/B]to restore a compressed to its original form.

Upload: To transfer information from a client computer to a host computer (Server) on Internet.

[B]Uploading :[/B] Process of transfering documents, graphics and other information from a client computer to server on Internet.

[B]UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) :[/B] technology for standardizing connections between different devices.

[B]USB flash drive :[/B]Flash memory device that plugs in a USB port on a computer or portable device.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/USBflashdrive.jpg[/IMG]

[B]USB Hub :[/B] Device that plugs in a USB port on the system unit and contains multiple USB ports in which cables from USB devices can be plugged.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/USBHub1.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Usenet (Users’ Network):[/B]Bulletin board system or Internet site that hosts thousands of newsgroups.

[B]User :[/B] Anyone who communicates with a computer or utilizes the information it generates.

[B]User ID/User Name :[/B] Unique combination of characters , such as letters of the alphabets or numbers that indentifies a specific user.

[B]User Interface :[/B] Portion of software that defines how a user interact with the computer ,including how the user enters the data and instruction and how information is displayed on screen.

[B]User Response :[/B] An instruction a user issues by replying to a question displayed by a program.

[B]Utility :[/B] Type of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance type tasks,related to managing a computer its devices or its programs.

[B]UTP (unshielded twisted pair):[/B] Cable consisting of pairs of wires twisted together and insulated but not provided with a metallic shield.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/utp.jpg[/IMG]

[B][CENTER][SIZE="5"][COLOR="navy"]V[/COLOR][/SIZE][/CENTER][/B]


[B]Vaporware :[/B] software that is announced by a vendor but never actually reaches the market.

[B]VDSL (Very-high-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line):[/B] Type of high-speed network connection provided through ordinary telephone lines;very much like ordinary DSL (ADSL), but the communication rate is much faster, up to 51 Mbps at very short distances.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/vdsl.png[/IMG]

[B]Vertical Market ASP:[/B] Application service provider that provides applications for a particular industry , such as for construction ,retail or healthcare.

[B]Vidcast :[/B] Short for viedo podcast ; a podcast that contains viedo and audio ,also called vodcast.

[B]Viedo :[/B] Full motion image that are played back at various speed.

[B]Viedo Blog /Vlog:[/B] Blog that contains viedo clips.

[B]Viedo Capture Card : [/B]Adapter card that converts an analog viedo signal to a digital signal that computer can process.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/ViedoCaptureCard.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Viedo Card : [/B]adapter that converts computer output to viedo signals that travels through a cable to a monitor, which display an image on the screen.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/videocard.gif[/IMG]

[B] Video Conferencing : [/B]Meeting between two or more geographically separated people who use a network or the Internet to transmit audio and viedo data.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/video-conferencing-healthcare.jpg[/IMG]

[B] Video Input :[/B] process of capturing full-motion images and storing them on a computer's storage medium.

[B]Viiv Technology :[/B] Technology included with Intel's multi-core processors that improves performance of digital entertainment on a home computer.

[B]Virtual memory :[/B] A portion of a storage medium, usually hard disk ,that the operating system allocates to function as additional RAM.

[B]Virtual reality (VR) :[/B] Computers used to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three-dimensional space.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/3261055966_f9b6fa12ef_o.gif[/IMG]

[B]Virus :[/B] Potentially damaging computer program that affects computer negatively by altering the way computer works without the user's knowledge or permission.

[B]Virus Author :[/B] Programmers who intentionally writes a virus program.

Vlogger :[B][/B] Short for vlog author.

[B]Vlogosphere :[/B] Term used to refer to all vlogs world wide.

[B]Voice Verfication System :[/B] Biometric device that compares a person's live speech with his or her stored voice patterns to determine if the person is a legitimate user.

[B]VoIP :[/B] technology that allows users to speak to other users over the Internet.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/voip_HowItWorks_0203v2.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Volatile memory :[/B] Type of memory that loses its contents when a computer's power is turned off.

[B]Volume Busniess ASP : [/B]Application service provider that supplies prepackaged applications, such as accounting , to businesses.

[B]vPro Technology : [/B]Technology used by Intel's dual-core and Multi-core processors that provides the ability to track computer hardware , diagnose and resolve computer problems and secure computer from outside threats.

[B]VR World :[/B] 3-D environment that contains infinite space and depth created with spcecial VR software.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/VRWorld.jpg[/IMG]

[B][CENTER][COLOR="Navy"][SIZE="5"]W
[/SIZE][/COLOR][/CENTER][/B]

[B]Warm Boot :[/B] Process of using the operating system to restart a computer.

[B]Web 2.0 : [/B]Term used to refer to Websites that allows users to modify Website content, provide a means for users to share personal information and have application software built into the site for visitors to use .

[B]Web Address :[/B] Unique address for a web page, known as URL.

[B]Web Application :[/B] Program hosted by a Website.

[B]Web Based Training (WBT) :[/B] Training that uses internet technology and consists of application software on the web .

[B]Web Browser :[/B] Application software that allows users to access and view Web pages.

[B]Web Cam :[/B] Digital viedo camera that enables a home or small busniess user to capture viedo and still images , send e-mail messages with viedo attachments ,add live images over the Internet and make live viedo telephone calls.

[B]Web Filter :[/B] Programs that restrict access to specified Web Sites.

[B]Web Page :[/B] Electronic document on the Web which can contain text, graphics , audio,viedo and has built in connections to other documents.

[B]Web Publishing :[/B] Development and maintenance of Web pages.

[B]WEb Server :[/B] Computer that delievers requested Web pages to a computer.

[B]Web Services :[/B] Web applications created with any programming language or with any operating system to communicate and share data seamlessly.

[B]Website :[/B] Collection of related Web pages and associated items , such as documents and pictures, stored on a Web server.

[B]Weblog:[/B] Informal Website consisting of timestamped articles,posts ,in a diary or journel format,listed in reverse chronological order.

[B]What -if Analysis :[/B] Spreadsheet software feature that allows a user to change certain values in a spreadsheet toreveal the effects of those changes.

[B]Whiteboard :[/B] Viedo Conference feature in which another window on the screen displays notes and drawings simultaneously on all participants's screen.

[B]Wide Super XGA(WSXGA) :[/B]Video stanadard with a resolution of 1680x1050.

[B]Wide Quad XGA (WQXGA) :[/B] Video stanadard with a resolution of 2560x1600.

[B]Wide Ultra XGA (WUXGA) :[/B] Video stanadard with a resolution of 1920x1200.

[B]Wii Remote :[/B] Nintendo's motion-sensing input device that uses Bluetooth wireless technology to communicate with the Wii game console.

[IMG]http://i1049.photobucket.com/albums/s392/amnashifa/WiiRemote.jpg[/IMG]

[B]Wiki :[/B] Collaborative Website that allows users to create, add to, modify or delete the Web site contents via their web browsers.

[B]Window :[/B] Rectangular area of a computer screen that displays data or information.

[B]Windows Aero : [/B]Interface for computers with more than 1 GB of RAM that provides an enhanced visual look, additional navigation options and animation.

[B]Windows Defender : [/B]Windows feature that protects computer from spyware.

[B]Windows Embedded CE :[/B] Scaled-down Windows operating system designed for use on communication , entertainment and computing devices with limited functionality.

[B]Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) :[/B] Type of broadband Internet connection that uses radio signals to provide Internet connections to wire less computers and devices.

[B]Wireless Internet Service provider (WISP ) :[/B] Company that provides wireless Internet access to desktop and notebook computers and mobile devices, such as smart phones and PDAs, with built in wireless capability or to computer using wireless modems or wireless access devices.

[B]Wireless modem :[/B] Modem that uses the cell phone network to connect to Internet wirelessly from a note book computer , smart phone or other mobile devices.

[B]Wireless Portal :[/B] Portal designed for Internet enabled mobile devices.

[B]Word Processing Software :[/B] Application software that allows the users to create and manipulate documents containing mostly text and sometimes graphics.

[B]Word size :[/B] Number of bits a computer can interpret and execute at a given time.

[B]Wordwrap :[/B] To type words in a paraghaph without pressing the ENTER key at the end of each line.

[B]World Wide Web (WWW)/Web :[/B] Worldwide collection of electronic documents called Web pages, the most popular services on the Internet.

[B]World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) :[/B] Consortium of nearly 400 organizations from around the world that oversees research and sets standards and guideline for many areas of the Internet.

[B]Worm :[/B] Malicious-logic program that copies itself repeatedly, using up system resources and possibly shutting down the system.



[B][CENTER][COLOR="Navy"][SIZE="5"]X[/SIZE][/COLOR][/CENTER][/B]



[B]xD Picture Card :[/B] Type of miniature mobile storage media that is a flash memory card capable of storing between 64 MB and 2 GB of data.

[B]Xeon :[/B] Intel Processor used by workstations and low-end servers.


[B][CENTER][COLOR="Navy"][SIZE="5"]Y[/SIZE][/COLOR][/CENTER][/B]

Yettie (Young, Entrepreneurial Technocrat ) : A person who works in a technology or Internet-related field and who embraces technological change and opportunity.

YHBT (You Have Been Trolled ) :Expression used in e-mail and newsgroups to indicate that the receiver has taken a deliberately set bait.



[CENTER][COLOR="Navy"][SIZE="5"][B]Z[/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/CENTER]

[B]Zipped Files : [/B]Type of compressed files that usually have a .zip extension.

[B]Zip drive :[/B] Disk drive developed by Iomega that uses 3.5-inch removable disks (Zip disks) capable of storing 100 megabytes of data.


[B]Source:[/B]

1.Webster's New World Computer Dictionary (Tenth Edition)

2. Electronic Inventions and Discoveries (Geoffrey William Arnold Dummer)

3.Microsoft Computer Dictionary (Sixth Edition )

4.Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms (Tenth Edition)

5.Glossary of Computer Terms (Published for the Faculty and Staff of Cheyney University of Pennsylvania )

6. Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_computer_terms)

7. Google

[QUOTE=Amna;430668]
[B]DNS Server :[/B] Internet Server that usually associates with the internet access provider.[/QUOTE]

It is [b]not[/b] DNS Server just [color=green]DNS[/color].

[b]DNS[/b] : Stands for "Domain Name Server", it holds information that which domain name is equivalent to which IP address. For example:

[url]www.google.com[/url] = 173.194.35.0
[url]www.cssforum.com.pk[/url] = 64.31.31.91

[QUOTE=Amna;439304][B]M- commerance :[/B] E-commerce that takes place using mobile devices.[/QUOTE]

It is [color=green]M-commerce[/color] not]M-commerance

[QUOTE=Amna;429653][b]APRA[/b] : Advance Research Project Agency : Agency of the U.S Department of Defense that built an early computer network called ARPANET[/QUOTE]

It is [color=green]ARPA[/color] not APRA

[QUOTE=Amna;429653][b]BlackBerry[/b] : Operting system that runs on handheld devices supplied by RIM(Reseach In Motion).[/QUOTE]

The term BlackBerry is used for handheld devices [b]not[/b] for their Operating system. When you say BlackBerry you mean a device. For an Operating system used by a BlackBerry, terms such as "BlackBerry OS", "BlackBerry 10", "BlackBerry OS 7", are used.

Plus Spell Mistake:

Operting=Operating
Reseach=Research

Great
 

Awesome Post !