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14 principles of management
1. Division of work Specialization increases output by making employees more efficient. 2. Authority Managers must be able to give order. Authority gives them this right. Along with authority, however, goes responsibility. 3. Discipline Employees must obey and respect the rules that govern the organization. 4. Unity of Command An employee should receive orders from one superior only. 5. Unity of direction The organization should have a single plan of action to guide managers and workers. 6. Subordination of individual interests to the general interest The interests of any one employee or group of employees should not take precedence over the interests of the organization as a whole. 7. Remuneration Workers must be paid a fair wage for their services. 8. Centralization This term refers to the degree to which subordinates are involved in decision making. 9. Scalar Chain The line term refers to the degree to which subordinates are involved in decision making. 10. Order People and materials should be in the right place at the right time. 11. Equity Managers should be kind and fair to their subordinates. 12. Stability of tenure of personnel Management should provide orderly personnel planning and ensure that replacements are available to fill vacancies. 13. Initiative Employees who are allowed to originate and carry out plans will exert high levels of effort. 14. Esprit de corps Promoting team spirit will build harmony and unity within the organization. |
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Fiaz Ali Soomro (Wednesday, February 25, 2009) |
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