|
Aruba
[SIZE="5"]Aruba[/SIZE]
[IMG]http://vacationhousearuba.com/Flag-map_of_Aruba.png[/IMG] [B]1634 [/B] Dutch colony [B]1805 - 1816 [/B]British domination [B]1828 [/B] part of Dutch West Indies (see Suriname) [B]1848 [/B] part of Netherlands Antilles [B]1 Jan 1986[/B] separation from Netherlands Antilles [SIZE="4"]Commanders[/SIZE] [B]1681 - 1715 [/B]Joseph Flaccius [B] 1717 - 1719 [/B]Hermanus Koolman [B]1719 - 1721[/B] Willem Palmers [B]1721 - 1722 [/B]Pieter Pieterszoon van Cempen [B][B] 1726 - 1730 [/B][/B]Isaak Obbens [B]1739?[/B] Willem Janszoon [B] 1739 - 1753[/B] Daniel Nieuwkerk [B]1753 - 1756 [/B]Lourents Croes [B]1756 - 1768 [/B]Jan van der Biest [B] 1768 - 1780 [/B]Gillis Poppe [B]1780 - 1791 [/B]Harmen van der Biest [B]1791 - 1792 [/B]Jacobus Pellicorne Porrier [B]1792 - 1793 [/B]Borchard Specht [B] 1793 - 1803 [/B]... [B]1803 - 1804 [/B]Pieter Specht [B]1804 - 1805 [/B]Johan Craneveldt [B]1805 [/B] Bruin Govertsz Quant (1st time) [B]1805 [/B] W. Doran [B]1805 - 1806 [/B]Bruin Govertsz Quant (2nd time) [B] 1806 [/B]Samuel Bartholomeus van den Broek (1st time) (commissioner) [B](b. 17... - d. 1817)[/B] [B]1806[/B] Jan van der Biest (1st time) [B]1806 - 18.. [/B]Samuel Bartholomeus van den Broek (2nd time) (s.a.) [B] 1810?[/B] John Harrison Church Hartmann? [B]1816 - 1819 [/B]Lodewijk Christoph Boyé [B]1819 - 1822 [/B]Jan van der Biest (2nd time) [B]1822 - 1826 [/B]Jacob Thielen (1st time) [B]1826 - 1827 [/B]Simon Plats [B]1827 - 1837 [/B]Johan Frederik Waters Gravenhorst [B]1837 [/B] G.J. van Spall [B]1839 - 1848 [/B]Jacobus Jarman, Jr. [SIZE="4"]Administrators (gezaghebbers)[/SIZE] [B]1848 - 1859 [/B]Jacobus Jarman, Jr. [B]1859[/B] Bochard Specht [B]1859 - 1863 [/B]Michaël de Veer [B]1863 - 1866 [/B] Edouard Dénis Ernest van den Bossche [B] (b. 1831 - d. 1908)[/B] [B]1866 - 1871 [/B]Jan Helenus Ferguson [B](b. 1826 - d. 1908)[/B] [B]1871 - 1876 [/B]Willem Melanchton Bennebroek Gravenhorst [B]1876 - 1883 [/B]Jan Hendrik Rudeloff Beaujon [B] (b. 1838 - d. 1930)[/B] [B]1883 - 1888 [/B]David Gäerste Willemszoon [B](b. 1841 - d. 1898)[/B] [B]1888 - 1897 [/B]Jacob Thielen II (1st time) [B] (b. 1834 - d. 1915)[/B] [B]1897[/B] J.G. Lampe (acting) [B]1897 - 1899 [/B]Johannes Adriaan de Veer ([B]b. 1853 - d. 1899)[/B] [B]1899 - 1901[/B] Jacob Thielen II (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting) [B]1901 - 1909 [/B]Gerard Raven Zeppenfeldt [B](b. 1863 - d. 19...)[/B] [B]1911 - 1920[/B] Henrik Johannes Beaujon [B](b. 1870 - d. 19...)[/B] [B]1920 - 1928 [/B]Jan Frederik Quast [B](b. 1875 - d. 1953)[/B] [B]1928 - 1945 [/B]Isaac Wagemaker [B](b. 1884 - d. 19...)[/B] [B]1945 - 1957 [/B]Lindoro Cristoffel Kwartsz [B](b. 1873 - d. 1959)[/B] [B]1957 - 1958 [/B]K.H. de Boer (acting) [B]1958 - 1959 [/B]E. Arends (acting) [B]1959[/B] Otto R.A. Beaujon (acting) [B](b. 1915 - d. 1984)[/B] [B]1959 - 1964 [/B]Frederik J.C. Beaujon [B](b. 1906 - d. 1964)[/B] [B]1964 - 1973 [/B]Oscar Siegfried Henriquez [B](b. 1926)[/B] [B]1973 - 1979 [/B]Francisco L. Jossy Tromp [B](b. 1925)[/B] [B]1979 - 1982 [/B]Francisco D. Figaroa [B](b. 1927 - d. 1993)[/B] [B]1982 [/B] Remy R. Zaandam (acting) [B](b. 1936)[/B] [B]1982 - 1983 [/B]Euladio D. Nicolaas (acting) [B](b. 1941)[/B] [B]1983 - 4 Oct 1985 [/B]Pedro Bislip [B](b. 1937 - d. 2007)[/B] [B]1985 - 31 Dec 1985 [/B]Frans Wernet (acting) [B](b. 1929 - d. 1995)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Governors[/SIZE] [B] 1 Jan 1986 - 12 Mar 1992 [/B] Felipe Tromp [B](b. 1917 - d. 1995)[/B] [B]12 Mar 1992 - 11 May 2004 [/B] Olindo Koolman [B](b. 1942)[/B] [B]11 May 2004 - [/B] Fredis Refunjol [B](b. 1950)[/B] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Prime ministers[/SIZE] [B] 1 Jan 1986 - 9 Feb 1989 [/B] Henny Eman (1st time) [B](b. 1944)[/B] [B] 9 Feb 1989 - 29 Jul 1994 [/B] Nelson Oduber (1st time) [B](b. 1947)[/B] [B]29 Jul 1994 - 30 Oct 2001 [/B] Henny Eman (2nd time) (s.a.) [B]30 Oct 2001 - [/B] Nelson Oduber (2nd time) (s.a.) |
Australia
[SIZE="5"]Australia[/SIZE]
[IMG]http://www.corporatefirst.com.au/images/AustralianFlag.jpg[/IMG] [B] 1 Jan 1901 [/B] British colonies in Australia united as a dominion (Commonwealth of Australia) [B]11 Dec 1931[/B] Statute of Westminster (ratified by Australia 9 Oct 1942) grants full sovereignty to the British dominions [SIZE="4"]Governors-general (representing the British monarch as head of state)[/SIZE] [B] 1 Jan 1901 - 9 Jan 1903[/B] John Adrian Louis Hope, Earl of Hopetoun [B](b. 1860 - d. 1908)[/B] [B] 9 Jan 1903 - 21 Jan 1904[/B] Hallam Tennyson, Baron Tennyson [B] (b. 1852 - d. 1928)[/B] [B]21 Jan 1904 - 9 Sep 1908[/B] Henry Stafford Northcote, Baron Northcote [B](b. 1846 - d. 1911)[/B] [B] 9 Sep 1908 - 31 Jul 1911[/B] William Humble Ward, Earl of Dudley [B](b. 1867 - d. 1932)[/B] [B]31 Jul 1911 - 18 May 1914[/B] Thomas Denman, Baron Denman [B](b. 1874 - d. 1954)[/B] [B]18 May 1914 - 6 Oct 1920[/B] Sir Ronald Craufurd Munro-Ferguson [B](b. 1860 - d. 1934)[/B] [B] 6 Oct 1920 - 8 Oct 1925[/B] Henry William Forster, Baron Forster of Lepe [B] (b. 1866 - d. 1936)[/B] [B] 8 Oct 1925 - 22 Jan 1931[/B] John Lawrence Baird, Baron Stonehaven [B] (b. 1874 - d. 1941)[/B] [B]22 Jan 1931 - 23 Jan 1936 [/B] Sir Isaac Isaacs [B](b. 1855 - d. 1948)[/B] [B]23 Jan 1936 - 30 Jan 1945[/B] Alexander Gore Arkwright Hore-Ruthven, Baron Gowrie (from 8 Jan 1945, Earl of Gowrie) [B](b. 1872 - d. 1955)[/B] [B]30 Jan 1945 - 11 Mar 1947[/B] Henry William Frederick Albert, Duke of Gloucester [B](b. 1900 - d. 1974)[/B] [B]11 Mar 1947 - 8 May 1953 [/B] William John McKell (from 9 Nov 1951, Sir William John McKell) [B](b. 1891 - d. 1985)[/B] [B] 8 May 1953 - 2 Feb 1960[/B] Sir William Slim [B](b. 1891 - d. 1970)[/B] [B] 2 Feb 1960 - 3 Feb 1961[/B] William Shepherd Morrison, Viscount Dunrossil [B](b. 1893 - d. 1961)[/B] [B] 4 Feb 1961 - 3 Aug 1961 [/B] Sir Reginald Alexander Dallas Brooks (acting) [B](b. 1896 - d. 1966)[/B] [B] 3 Aug 1961 - 22 Sep 1965[/B] William Philip Sidney, Viscount De L'Isle [B](b. 1909 - d. 1991)[/B] [B]22 Sep 1965 - 30 Apr 1969[/B] Richard Gardiner Casey, Baron Casey [B](b. 1890 - d. 1976)[/B] [B]30 Apr 1969 - 11 Jul 1974 [/B] Sir Paul Hasluck [B](b. 1905 - d. 1993)[/B] [B]11 Jul 1974 - 8 Dec 1977 [/B] Sir John Robert Kerr [B](b. 1914 - d. 1991)[/B] [B] 8 Dec 1977 - 29 Jul 1982 [/B] Sir Zelman Cowen [B](b. 1919)[/B] [B]29 Jul 1982 - 16 Feb 1989[/B] Sir Ninian Martin Stephen [B](b. 1923)[/B] [B]16 Feb 1989 - 16 Feb 1996 [/B] Bill Hayden [B](b. 1933)[/B] [B]16 Feb 1996 - 29 Jun 2001 [/B] Sir William Deane [B](b. 1931)[/B] [B]29 Jun 2001 - 28 May 2003[/B] Peter Hollingworth [B] (b. 1935)[/B] [B]15 May 2003 - 11 Aug 2003[/B] Sir Guy Green [B](b. 1937)[/B] (acting [for Hollingworth to 28 May 2003]) [B]11 Aug 2003 - 5 Sep 2008[/B] Michael Jeffery [B](b. 1937)[/B] [B] 5 Sep 2008 - [/B] Quentin Bryce (f) [B](b. 1942)[/B] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Prime ministers[/SIZE] [B] 1 Jan 1901 - 24 Sep 1903[/B] Edmund Barton (from 1902, Sir Edmund Barton) [COLOR="DarkOrchid"]Pro[/COLOR] [B](b. 1849 - d. 1920)[/B] [B]24 Sep 1903 - 26 Apr 1904[/B] Alfred Deakin (1st time) [COLOR="darkorchid"]Pro[/COLOR] [B](b. 1856 - d. 1919)[/B] [B]26 Apr 1904 - 18 Aug 1904[/B] John Christian Watson [COLOR="darkorange"]ALP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1867 - d. 1941)[/B] [B]18 Aug 1904 - 5 Jul 1905[/B] George Reid [COLOR="RoyalBlue"]FT[/COLOR] [B](b. 1845 - d. 1918)[/B] [B] 5 Jul 1905 - 13 Nov 1908 [/B] Alfred Deakin (2nd time) [COLOR="darkorchid"]Pro[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]13 Nov 1908 - 2 Jun 1909[/B] Andrew Fisher (1st time) [COLOR="darkorange"]ALP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1862 - d. 1928)[/B] [B] 2 Jun 1909 - 29 Apr 1910 [/B] Alfred Deakin (3rd time) [COLOR="darkorchid"]Pro[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]29 Apr 1910 - 24 Apr 1913[/B] Andrew Fisher (2nd time) [COLOR="darkorange"]ALP[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]24 Apr 1913 - 17 Sep 1914[/B] Joseph Cook [COLOR="cyan"]Lib[/COLOR] [B](b. 1860 - d. 1947)[/B] [B]17 Sep 1914 - 27 Oct 1915 [/B] Andrew Fisher (3rd time) [COLOR="darkorange"] ALP[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]27 Oct 1915 - 9 Feb 1923 [/B] William Morris Hughes [COLOR="darkorange"] ALP[/COLOR]; 14 Nov 1916: NLP; 17 Feb 1917: [COLOR="gray"]Nat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1864 - d. 1952)[/B] [B] 9 Feb 1923 - 22 Oct 1929[/B] Stanley Melbourne Bruce [COLOR="Gray"]Nat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1883 - d. 1967)[/B] [B]22 Oct 1929 - 6 Jan 1932[/B] James Henry Scullin [COLOR="darkorange"]ALP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1876 - d. 1953)[/B] [B] 6 Jan 1932 - 7 Apr 1939[/B] Joseph Aloysius Lyons [COLOR="DarkRed"]UAP[/COLOR] [B] (b. 1879 - d. 1939)[/B] [B] 7 Apr 1939 - 26 Apr 1939 [/B] Sir Earle Page (acting) [COLOR="seagreen"]Cnt[/COLOR] [B](b. 1880 - d. 1961)[/B] [B]26 Apr 1939 - 29 Aug 1941[/B] Robert Gordon Menzies (1st time) UAP [B](b. 1894 - d. 1978)[/B] [B]29 Aug 1941 - 7 Oct 1941 [/B] Arthur William Fadden [COLOR="seagreen"]Cnt[/COLOR] [B](b. 1895 - d. 1973)[/B] [B] 7 Oct 1941 - 5 Jul 1945[/B] John Curtin [COLOR="darkorange"]ALP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1885 - d. 1945)[/B] [B] 6 Jul 1945 - 13 Jul 1945 [/B] Francis Michael Forde [COLOR="darkorange"]ALP[/COLOR] [B] (b. 1890 - d. 1983)[/B] [B]13 Jul 1945 - 19 Dec 1949 [/B] Joseph Benedict Chifley [COLOR="darkorange"]ALP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1885 - d. 1951)[/B] [B]19 Dec 1949 - 22 Jan 1966[/B] Robert Gordon Menzies (from 1963, Sir Robert Gordon Menzies) (2nd time) [COLOR="cyan"]Lib[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]22 Jan 1966 - 17 Dec 1967 [/B] Harold Holt [COLOR="cyan"]Lib[/COLOR] [B](b. 1908 - d. 1967)[/B] [B]18 Dec 1967 - 10 Jan 1968[/B] John McEwen [COLOR="SeaGreen"]Cnt[/COLOR] [B] (b. 1900 - d. 1980)[/B] [B]10 Jan 1968 - 10 Mar 1971 [/B] John Grey Gorton [COLOR="cyan"]Lib[/COLOR] [B] (b. 1911 - d. 2002)[/B] [B]10 Mar 1971 - 5 Dec 1972[/B] William McMahon [COLOR="cyan"]Lib[/COLOR] [B](b. 1908 - d. 1988)[/B] [B] 5 Dec 1972 - 11 Nov 1975[/B] Gough Whitlam [COLOR="darkorange"]ALP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1916)[/B] [B]11 Nov 1975 - 11 Mar 1983[/B] Malcolm Fraser [COLOR="cyan"]Lib[/COLOR] [B](b. 1930)[/B] [B]11 Mar 1983 - 20 Dec 1991 [/B] Bob Hawke [COLOR="darkorange"] ALP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1929)[/B] [B]20 Dec 1991 - 11 Mar 1996[/B] Paul Keating [COLOR="DarkOrange"]ALP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1944)[/B] [B]11 Mar 1996 - 3 Dec 2007[/B] John Howard [COLOR="Cyan"] Lib[/COLOR] [B](b. 1939)[/B] [B] 3 Dec 2007 - [/B] Kevin Rudd [COLOR="darkorange"]ALP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1957)[/B] [COLOR="Red"]Party abbreviations:[/COLOR] [COLOR="DarkOrange"]ALP[/COLOR]=Australian Labor Party,[COLOR="SeaGreen"] Cnt[/COLOR]=Country Party, [COLOR="RoyalBlue"]FT[/COLOR]=Free Trade Party, [COLOR="PaleTurquoise"]Lib[/COLOR]=Liberal Party, [COLOR="DimGray"]Nat[/COLOR]=Nationalist Party, [COLOR="Magenta"]NLP[/COLOR]=National Labor Party, [COLOR="DarkOrchid"]Pro[/COLOR]=Protectionist Party, [COLOR="Sienna"]UAP[/COLOR]=United Australia Party |
Austria
[SIZE="5"][COLOR="Red"]Au[/COLOR]st[COLOR="Red"]ria[/COLOR][/SIZE]
[IMG]http://mapsof.net/uploads/static-maps/thumbnails/austria_flag_map_614x0.png[/IMG] [B]11 Aug 1804[/B] Kaisertum Österreich¹ [B]21 Dec 1867[/B] "Austrian half" of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, officially styled Die im Reichsrat vertretenen Königreiche und Länder ("The Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council") [B]1916[/B] first official use of the style Empire of Austria [B]12 Nov 1918[/B] Republic of German-Austria [B]21 Oct 1919[/B] Republic of Austria [B] 1 Jul 1934[/B] Federal State of Austria [B]13 Mar 1938[/B] annexed by Germany as a state, which is dissolved into Reichsgaue 1 May 1939 [B]27 Apr 1945 [/B] Republic of Austria [SIZE="4"]Emperors²[/SIZE] [SIZE="3"]- Habsburg-Lothringen dynasty -[/SIZE] [B]11 Aug 1804 - 2 Mar 1835[/B] Franz I [B](b. 1768 - d. 1835)[/B] [B] 2 Mar 1835 - 2 Dec 1848[/B] Ferdinand I [B](b. 1793 - d. 1875)[/B] [B] 2 Dec 1848 - 21 Nov 1916[/B] Franz Joseph I [B](b. 1830 - d. 1916)[/B] [B]21 Nov 1916 - 11 Nov 1918 [/B] Karl I [B](b. 1887 - d. 1922)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Presidents[/SIZE] [B]12 Nov 1918 - 4 Mar 1919[/B] Directory of the Council of State - Franz Dinghofer [COLOR="Green"]GV[/COLOR] [B](b. 1873 - d. 1956)[/B] - Johann Nepomuk Hauser [COLOR="DarkOrange"] CS [/COLOR] [B](b. 1866 - d. 1927)[/B] - Karl Seitz [COLOR="Gray"]SDAP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1869 - d. 1950)[/B] (chair rotating weekly) [B] 5 Mar 1919 - 9 Dec 1920[/B] Karl Seitz [COLOR="gray"]SDAP[/COLOR] (s.a.) (president of the Constituent National Assembly to 10 Nov 1920, then acting president) [B] 9 Dec 1920 - 10 Dec 1928[/B] Michael Hainisch - [B](b. 1858 - d. 1940)[/B] [B]10 Dec 1928 - 13 Mar 1938[/B] Wilhelm Miklas [COLOR="darkorange"]CS[/COLOR] [B](b. 1872 - d. 1956)[/B] [B]29 Apr 1945 - 31 Dec 1950[/B] Karl Renner [COLOR="DarkOrchid"]SPÖ[/COLOR] [B](b. 1870 - d. 1950)[/B] (acting to 20 Dec 1945) [B]31 Dec 1950 - 21 Jun 1951[/B] Leopold Figl (acting) [COLOR="magenta"]ÖVP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1902 - d. 1965)[/B] [B]21 Jun 1951 - 4 Jan 1957[/B] Theodor Körner [COLOR="darkorchid"] SPÖ [/COLOR] [B](b. 1873 - d. 1957)[/B] [B] 4 Jan 1957 - 21 May 1957[/B] Julius Raab (acting) [COLOR="magenta"]ÖVP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1891 - d. 1964)[/B] [B]22 May 1957 - 28 Feb 1965[/B] Adolf Schärf [COLOR="darkorchid"]SPÖ[/COLOR] [B](b. 1890 - d. 1965)[/B] [B]28 Feb 1965 - 9 Jun 1965 [/B] Josef Klaus (acting) [COLOR="magenta"]ÖVP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1910 - d. 2001)[/B] [B] 9 Jun 1965 - 24 Apr 1974[/B] Franz Jonas [COLOR="darkorchid"]SPÖ[/COLOR] [B](b. 1899 - d. 1974)[/B] [B]24 Apr 1974 - 8 Jul 1974 [/B] Bruno Kreisky (acting) [COLOR="darkorchid"]SPÖ [/COLOR] [B](b. 1911 - d. 1990)[/B] [B] 8 Jul 1974 - 8 Jul 1986[/B] Rudolf Kirchschläger - [B](b. 1915 - d. 2000)[/B] [B] 8 Jul 1986 - 8 Jul 1992 [/B] Kurt Waldheim - [B](b. 1918 - d. 2007)[/B] [B] 8 Jul 1992 - 6 Jul 2004 [/B] Thomas Klestil [COLOR="magenta"]ÖVP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1932 - d. 2004)[/B] [B] 6 Jul 2004 - 8 Jul 2004[/B] Andreas Khol (acting) [COLOR="magenta"]ÖVP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1941)[/B] [B] 8 Jul 2004 -[/B] Heinz Fischer [COLOR="darkorchid"]SPÖ[/COLOR] [B](b. 1938)[/B] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Chancellor[/SIZE] [B]25 May 1821 - 13 Mar 1848 [/B] Klemens Fürst von Metternich [B](b. 1773 - d. 1859)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Prime ministers[/SIZE] [B]20 Mar 1848 - 19 Apr 1848[/B] Franz Anton Graf von Kolowrat [B](b. 1778 - d. 1861)[/B] [B]19 Apr 1848 - 19 May 1848[/B] Karl Ludwig Graf von Ficquelmont [B](b. 1777 - d. 1857)[/B] (acting) [B]19 May 1848 - 8 Jul 1848 [/B] Franz Freiherr von Pillersdorf [B](b. 1786 - d. 1862)[/B] (acting) [B] 8 Jul 1848 - 18 Jul 1848[/B] Anton Freiherr von Doblhoff-Dier [B](b. 1800 - d. 1872)[/B] (acting) [B]18 Jul 1848 - 21 Nov 1848[/B] Johann Freiherr von Wessenberg-Ampringen [B](b. 1773 - d. 1858)[/B] [B]21 Nov 1848 - 5 Apr 1852[/B] Felix Fürst zu Schwarzenberg [B](b. 1800 - d. 1852)[/B] [B]11 Apr 1852 - 21 Aug 1859 [/B] Karl Ferdinand Graf von Buol-Schauenstein [B](b. 1797 - d. 1865)[/B] [B]21 Aug 1859 - 4 Feb 1861[/B] Johann Bernhard Graf von Rechberg und Rothenlöwen [B](b. 1806 - d. 1899)[/B] [B] 4 Feb 1861 - 26 Jun 1865[/B] Rainer, Erzherzog von Österreich [B](b. 1827 - d. 1913)[/B] [B]26 Jun 1865 - 27 Jul 1865[/B] Alexander Graf von Mensdorff-Pouilly [B](b. 1813 - d. 1871)[/B] [B]27 Jul 1865 - 7 Feb 1867 [/B] Richard Graf von Belcredi [B](b. 1823 - d. 1902)[/B] [B] 7 Feb 1867 - 30 Dec 1867 [/B] Ferdinand Freiherr von Beust [B](b. 1809 - d. 1886)[/B] [B]30 Dec 1867 - 24 Sep 1868[/B] Karl Fürst von Auersperg, Herzog von Gottschee [B](b. 1814 - d. 1890)[/B] [B]24 Sep 1868 - 15 Jan 1870[/B] Eduard Graf Taaffe (1st time) [B](b. 1833 - d. 1895)[/B] [B]15 Jan 1870 - 1 Feb 1870 [/B] Ignaz Edler von Plener [B](b. 1810 - d. 1908)[/B] [B] 1 Feb 1870 - 12 Apr 1870[/B] Leopold Ritter Hasner von Artha [B](b. 1818 - d. 1891)[/B] [B]12 Apr 1870 - 6 Feb 1871[/B] Alfred Graf von Potocki-Pilawa [B](b. 1822 - d. 1889)[/B] [B] 6 Feb 1871 - 30 Oct 1871[/B] Karl Siegmund Graf von Hohenwart [B](b. 1824 - d. 1899)[/B] (acting) [B]30 Oct 1871 - 25 Nov 1871 [/B] Ludwig Freiherr von Holzgethan [B](b. 1810 - d. 1876)[/B] (acting) [B]25 Nov 1871 - 15 Feb 1879[/B] Adolf Wilhelm Daniel Fürst von Auersperg [B](b. 1821 - d. 1885)[/B] [B]15 Feb 1879 - 12 Aug 1879[/B] Karl von Stremayr (acting) [B](b. 1823 - d. 1904)[/B] [B]12 Aug 1879 - 11 Nov 1893[/B] Eduard Graf Taaffe (2nd time) (s.a.) [B]11 Nov 1893 - 19 Jun 1895[/B] Alfred August Fürst zu Windischgrätz [B](b. 1851 - d. 1927)[/B] [B]19 Jun 1895 - 30 Sep 1895 [/B] Erich Graf von Kielmansegg [B](b. 1847 - d. 1923)[/B] [B]30 Sep 1895 - 30 Nov 1897[/B] Kasimir Felix Graf von Badeni [B](b. 1846 - d. 1909)[/B] [B]30 Nov 1897 - 5 Mar 1898[/B] Paul Freiherr Gautsch von Frankenthurn (1st time) [B](b. 1851 - d. 1918)[/B] [B] 5 Mar 1898 - 2 Oct 1899[/B] Franz Graf von Thun und Hohenstein [B](b. 1847 - d. 1916)[/B] [B] 2 Oct 1899 - 21 Dec 1899[/B] Manfred Graf von Clary und Aldringen [B](b. 1852 - d. 1928)[/B] [B]21 Dec 1899 - 18 Jan 1900 [/B] Heinrich Ritter von Wittek [B](b. 1844 - d. 1930)[/B] (acting) [B]19 Jan 1900 - 31 Dec 1904[/B] Ernest von Koerber (1st time) [B](b. 1850 - d. 1919)[/B] [B]31 Dec 1904 - 2 May 1906[/B] Paul Freiherr Gautsch von Frankenthurn (2nd time) (s.a.) [B] 2 May 1906 - 2 Jun 1906[/B] Konrad Prinz zu Hohenlohe- Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst [B](b. 1863 - d. 1918)[/B] [B] 2 Jun 1906 - 15 Nov 1908[/B] Max Wladimir Freiherr von Beck [B](b. 1854 - d. 1943)[/B] [B]15 Nov 1908 - 28 Jun 1911 [/B] Richard Freiherr von Bienerth-Schmerling [B](b. 1863 - d. 1918)[/B] [B]28 Jun 1911 - 3 Nov 1911[/B] Paul Freiherr Gautsch von Frankenthurn (3rd time) (s.a.) [B] 3 Nov 1911 - 21 Oct 1916[/B] Karl Reichsgraf von Stürgkh [B](b. 1859 - d. 1916)[/B] [B]31 Oct 1916 - 20 Dec 1916[/B] Ernest von Koerber (2nd time) (s.a.) [B]20 Dec 1916 - 23 Jun 1917 [/B] Heinrich Graf Clam-Martinic [B](b. 1863 - d. 1932)[/B] [B]23 Jun 1917 - 27 Jul 1918[/B] Ernst Ritter Seidler von Feuchtenegg [B](b. 1862 - d. 1931)[/B] [B]27 Jul 1918 - 27 Oct 1918[/B] Max Freiherr Hussarek von Heinlein [B](b. 1865 - d. 1935)[/B] [B]27 Oct 1918 - 11 Nov 1918[/B] Heinrich Lammasch [B](b. 1853 - d. 1920)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Chancellors[/SIZE] [B]12 Nov 1918 - 7 Jul 1920[/B] Karl Renner (1st time) [COLOR="gray"]SDAP[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B] 7 Jul 1920 - 21 Jun 1921[/B] Michael Mayr [COLOR="darkorange"]CS[/COLOR] [B](b. 1864 - d. 1922)[/B] [B]21 Jun 1921 - 26 Jan 1922[/B] Johann Schober (1st time) - [B](b. 1874 - d. 1932)[/B] [B]26 Jan 1922 - 27 Jan 1922 [/B] Walter Breisky - [B](b. 1871 - d. 1944)[/B] [B]27 Jan 1922 - 31 May 1922[/B] Johann Schober (2nd time) - (s.a.) [B]31 May 1922 - 20 Nov 1924[/B] Ignaz Seipel (1st time) [COLOR="darkorange"]CS[/COLOR] [B](b. 1876 - d. 1932)[/B] [B]20 Nov 1924 - 20 Oct 1926[/B] Rudolf Ramek [COLOR="darkorange"]CS[/COLOR] [B](b. 1881 - d. 1941)[/B] [B]20 Oct 1926 - 4 May 1929 [/B] Ignaz Seipel (2nd time) [COLOR="darkorange"] CS[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B] 4 May 1929 - 26 Sep 1929[/B] Ernst Streeruwitz [COLOR="darkorange"] CS [/COLOR] [B](b. 1874 - d. 1952)[/B] [B]26 Sep 1929 - 30 Sep 1930[/B] Johann Schober (3rd time) - (s.a.) [B]30 Sep 1930 - 4 Dec 1930 [/B] Carl Vaugoin [COLOR="darkorange"]CS[/COLOR] [B](b. 1873 - d. 1949)[/B] [B] 4 Dec 1930 - 20 Jun 1931[/B] Otto Ender [COLOR="darkorange"] CS[/COLOR] [B](b. 1875 - d. 1960)[/B] [B]20 Jun 1931 - 20 May 1932[/B] Karl Buresch [COLOR="darkorange"]CS[/COLOR] [B](b. 1878 - d. 1936)[/B] [B]20 May 1932 - 25 Jul 1934 [/B] Engelbert Dollfuss [COLOR="darkorange"]CS[/COLOR]; 1934: [COLOR="darkred"]VF[/COLOR] [B] (b. 1892 - d. 1934)[/B] [B]25 Jul 1934 - 26 Jul 1934[/B] Kurt Schuschnigg (1st time) [COLOR="darkred"]VF[/COLOR] [B](b. 1897 - d. 1977)[/B] (acting) [B]26 Jul 1934 - 29 Jul 1934[/B] Ernst Rüdiger Starhemberg [COLOR="darkred"]VF[/COLOR] [B](b. 1899 - d. 1956)[/B] (acting) [B]29 Jul 1934 - 12 Mar 1938[/B] Kurt Schuschnigg (2nd time) [COLOR="DarkRed"]VF[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]12 Mar 1938 - 13 Mar 1938[/B] Arthur Seyss-Inquart [COLOR="royalblue"] NS[/COLOR] [B](b. 1892 - d. 1946)[/B] (Reichsstatthalter 13 Mar 1938 - 30 Apr 1939) [B]23 Apr 1938 - 31 Mar 1940[/B] Josef Bürckel [COLOR="RoyalBlue"]NS[/COLOR] [B](b. 1895 - d. 1944)[/B] (Reichskommissar für die Wiedervereinigung Österreichs mit dem Deutschen Reich) [B]29 Apr 1945 - 20 Dec 1945[/B] Karl Renner (2nd time) [COLOR="darkorchid"]SPÖ[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]20 Dec 1945 - 2 Apr 1953[/B] Leopold Figl [COLOR="magenta"]ÖVP[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B] 2 Apr 1953 - 11 Apr 1961[/B] Julius Raab [COLOR="magenta"]ÖVP[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]11 Apr 1961 - 2 Apr 1964[/B] Alfons Gorbach [COLOR="magenta"]ÖVP [/COLOR] [B](b. 1898 - d. 1972)[/B] [B] 2 Apr 1964 - 21 Apr 1970[/B] Josef Klaus [COLOR="magenta"]ÖVP[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]21 Apr 1970 - 24 May 1983[/B] Bruno Kreisky [COLOR="darkorchid"]SPÖ[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]24 May 1983 - 16 Jun 1986[/B] Fred Sinowatz [COLOR="darkorchid"]SPÖ[/COLOR] [B](b. 1929 - d. 2008)[/B] [B]16 Jun 1986 - 28 Jan 1997[/B] Franz Vranitzky [COLOR="darkorchid"]SPÖ[/COLOR] [B](b. 1937)[/B] [B]28 Jan 1997 - 4 Feb 2000[/B] Viktor Klima [COLOR="darkorchid"]SPÖ[/COLOR] [B](b. 1947)[/B] [B] 4 Feb 2000 - 11 Jan 2007[/B] Wolfgang Schüssel [COLOR="Magenta"]ÖVP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1945)[/B] [B]11 Jan 2007 - 2 Dec 2008[/B] Alfred Gusenbauer [COLOR="darkorchid"]SPÖ[/COLOR] [B](b. 1960)[/B] [B] 2 Dec 2008 - [/B] Werner Faymann [COLOR="darkorchid"]SPÖ[/COLOR] [B](b. 1960)[/B] [COLOR="Red"]Party abbreviations:[/COLOR] [COLOR="DarkOrange"]CS[/COLOR]=Christian Social Party, [COLOR="Green"]GV[/COLOR]=Greater German People's Party, [COLOR="RoyalBlue"]NS[/COLOR]=National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP), [COLOR="Magenta"]ÖVP[/COLOR]=Austrian People's Party, [COLOR="Gray"]SDAP[/COLOR]=Social Democratic Workers' Party, [COLOR="DarkOrchid"]SPÖ[/COLOR]=Socialist Party of Austria (from 15 Jun 1991, Social Democratic Party of Austria), [COLOR="DarkRed"]VF[/COLOR]=Patriotic Front [SIZE="4"]Allied occupation[/SIZE] [SIZE="4"]U.S. zone[/SIZE] [SIZE="3"]High commissioners[/SIZE] [B] 5 Jul 1945 - 16 May 1947[/B] Mark W. Clark [B](b. 1896 - d. 1984)[/B] [B]17 May 1947 - 19 Sep 1950[/B] Geoffrey Keyes [B](b. 1888 - d. 1967)[/B] [B]20 Sep 1950 - 17 Jul 1952 [/B] Walter J. Donnelly [B](b. 1896 - d. 1970)[/B] [B]17 Jul 1952 - 27 Jul 1955 [/B] Llewellyn E. Thompson, Jr. [B](b. 1904 - d. 1972)[/B] [SIZE="4"]British zone[/SIZE] [SIZE="3"]High commissioners[/SIZE] [B] Jul 1945 - 1946[/B] Sir Richard McCreery [B](b. 1898 - d. 1967)[/B] [B] 1946 - Oct 1947 [/B] Sir James Stuart Steele [B](b. 1894 - d. 1975)[/B] [B] Oct 1947 - 1 Jan 1950 [/B] Sir Alexander Galloway [B](b. 1899 - d. 1977)[/B] [B]1 Jan 1950 - 1 Aug 1950 [/B] Sir John Winterton [B](b. 1898 - d. 1987)[/B] [B] 1 Aug 1950 - 5 Feb 1954 [/B] Sir Harold Caccia [B](b. 1905 - d. 1990)[/B] [B] 5 Feb 1954 - 27 Jul 1955 [/B] Sir Geoffrey Wallinger [B](b. 1903 - d. 1979)[/B] [SIZE="4"]French zone[/SIZE] [SIZE="3"]High commissioners[/SIZE] [B] 8 Jul 1945 - 29 Jun 1950[/B] Antoine Béthouart [B](b. 1889 - d. 1982)[/B] [B]29 Jun 1950 - 27 Jul 1955[/B] Jean Payart [B](b. 1892 - d. 1969)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Soviet zone[/SIZE] [SIZE="3"]High commissioners[/SIZE] [B] Jul 1945 - 1946 [/B] Ivan Konev [B](b. 1897 - d. 1973)[/B] [B] 1946 - May 1949[/B] Vladimir Kurasov [B](b. 1897 - d. 1973)[/B] [B]May 1949 - 7 Jun 1953[/B] Vladimir Sviridov [B](b. 1898 - d. 1963)[/B] [B]7 Jun 1953 - 27 Jul 1955 [/B] Ivan Ilichev [B](b. 1905 - d. 1983)[/B] [COLOR="YellowGreen"]¹The word Kaisertum was deliberately chosen not to imply Kaiserreich Österreich (Empire of Austria). The term had no constitutional status before 25 Apr 1848, and had dynastic rather than territorial import: it was intended to encompass all the hereditary possessions of the Haus Österreich, and was so defined in the Constitution of 7 Mar 1849; in the Constitution of 25 Apr 1848 it was similarly used, but excluded the "Hungarian" and "Lombardo-Venetian" possessions. ²Full official style of the ruler, including effective and titular titles, in a typical form of 1918 (variants occur): Von Gottes Gnaden Kaiser von Österreich, Apostolischer König von Ungarn, König von Böhmen, Dalmatien, Kroatien, Slavonien und Galizien, Lodomerien und Illyrien, König von Jerusalem, etc.; Erzherzog von Österreich, Grossherzog von Toskana und Krakau, Herzog von Lothringen und von Salzburg, von Steiermark, von Kärnten, Krain und der Bukovina; Grossfürst von Siebenbürgen; Markgraf von Mähren; Herzog von Ober- und Niederschlesien, von Modena, Parma, Piacenza und Guastalla, von Auschwitz und Zator, von Teschen, Friaul, Ragusa und Zara; Gefürsteter Graf von Habsburg und Tyrol, von Kyburg, Görz und Gradisca; Fürst von Trient und von Brixen; Markgraf von Ober- und Niederlausitz und in Istrien; Graf von Hohenembs, Feldkirch, Bregenz, Sonnenberg etc.; Herr von Triest, von Cattaro und auf der Windischen Mark; Grosswojwod der Wojwodschaft Serbien, etc.; Kaiserliche und Apostolische Majestät ("By the grace of God, Emperor of Austria, Apostolic King of Hungary, King of Bohemia, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia, and Galitzia, Lodomeria and Illyria, King of Jerusalem, etc.; Archduke of Austria, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Cracow, Duke of Lorraine and of Salzburg, of Styria, of Carinthia, Carniola and the Bukovina; Grand Prince of Transylvania; Margrave of Moravia; Duke of Upper and Lower Silesia, of Modena, Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla, of Auschwitz [Oswiecim] and Zator, of Teschen [Czeszyn], Friuli, Ragusa [Dubrovnik] and Zara [Zadar]; Princely Count of Habsburg and Tyrol, of Kyburg, Gorizia and Gradisca; Prince of Trent [Trento] and Brixen [Bressanone]; Margrave of Upper and Lower Lusatia and in Istria; Count of Hohenembs, Feldkirch, Bregenz, Sonnenberg, etc.; Lord of Trieste, of Cattaro [Kotor], and in the Wendish Mark; Grand Voivode of the Voivodina of Serbia, etc.; Imperial and Apostolic Majesty").[/COLOR] |
Azerbaijan
[SIZE="5"]Azerbaijan[/SIZE]
[IMG]http://www.acus.org/files/images/Azerbaijan%20Flag%20Map.preview.png[/IMG] [SIZE="4"]Baku[/SIZE] [B]172. [/B] khanate founded [B]1728 - 1735 [/B]part of Russia [B]1735 - 1747[/B] part of Iran [B]1806 [/B] part of Russia [SIZE="3"]Khans[/SIZE] [B]172. - 1728 [/B] Dargah Quli Khan [B]1747 - 1768[/B] Mirza Muhammad Khan [B]1768 - 1770[/B] Fath `Ali Khan [B]1770 - 1772[/B] `Abd Allah Beg [B]1772 - 1783[/B] Malik Muhammad Khan [B] 1784 - 1791[/B] Mirza Muhammad Khan [B]1791 - 1792[/B] Muhammad Quli Khan [B]1792 - 1806[/B] Husayn Quli Khan [SIZE="4"]Ganja[/SIZE] [B]1747 [/B] khanate founded [B]1804 [/B] part of Russia [SIZE="3"]Khans[/SIZE] [SIZE="2"]- Ziyad oglu Qajar dynasty -[/SIZE] [B]1747 - 1761[/B] Shah Wardi Khan [B]1761 - 1781[/B] Muhammad Hasan Khan [SIZE="2"]- Jawanshir dynasty -[/SIZE] [B]1781 - 1784 [/B] Ibrahim Khalil Khan [SIZE="2"]- Ziyad oglu Qajar dynasty -[/SIZE] [B]1784 - 1786[/B] Hajji Beg [B] 1786 - 3 Jan 1804 [/B] al-Jawad Khan [SIZE="4"]Jawad[/SIZE] [SIZE="3"]Khan[/SIZE] [B]*1778 - 1789[/B] Tala Hasan Khan [SIZE="4"]Nakhchiwan[/SIZE] [B]1834 [/B] part of Russia [SIZE="3"]Khans[/SIZE] [B]*1751* [/B] Haydar Quli Khan [B]*1779* [/B] Kalb `Ali Khan [B] ... - [/B] 1834 Karim Khan Kangarli [SIZE="4"]Qarabagh[/SIZE] [B]c.1554 [/B] state under the rule of an Atabeg founded [B]1588 [/B] part of Ottoman Empire [B]1606 [/B] khanate founded [B]1822[/B] part of Russia [SIZE="3"]Khans[/SIZE] [SIZE="2"]- Ziyad oglu Qajar dynasty -[/SIZE] [B]1722 - May 1728[/B] Dawud Khan [B]1728 - 1730[/B] Makhithar [B] 1730 - 1738[/B] Ughurlu II Khan Ziyad oglu [B]*1743*[/B] Khan Chemskeseka [SIZE="2"]- Jawanshir dynasty -[/SIZE] [B]1747 - 1761[/B] Panah Khan `Ali Beg [B]1761 - 14 Jun 1806[/B] Ibrahim Khalil Khan [B]1806 - Oct 1822 [/B] Mahdi Quli Khan Muzaffar [SIZE="4"]Quba[/SIZE] [B] 1680 [/B] khanate founded [B]1816 [/B] part of Russia [SIZE="3"]Saytaq Khans[/SIZE] [B]1680 - Sep 1721 [/B] Husayn Khan [B] 1721 [/B] Ahmad Khan [B]1721 - 1722 [/B] Chulaq Surkhay Khan [B]1722 - 1758[/B] Husayn `Ali Khan [B]1758 - Mar 1789[/B] Fath `Ali Khan [B]1789 - 1791 [/B] Ahmad Khan [B]1791 - 1806 [/B] Shaykh `Ali Agha [B]1806 - 1816[/B] Husayn Khan [SIZE="4"]Salyan[/SIZE] [B]1729[/B] khanate founded [B]1782[/B] incorporated into Quba [SIZE="3"]Khans[/SIZE] [B]1729 - 17.. [/B] Hasan Beg [B]1748 - 1757[/B] Ibrahim [B]1757 - 1768[/B] Kalb `Ali Sultan [B]1768 - 1782 [/B]Qubad Sultan [SIZE="4"]Shakki[/SIZE] [B]c.1500 [/B] khanate founded [B]1761 - 1765[/B] part of Qazi Qumuq (Daghestan) [B]1819 [/B] part of Russia [SIZE="3"]Khans[/SIZE] [B]... - 1743[/B] Malik Najaf Khan [SIZE="3"]Rulers (title Bashchi)[/SIZE] [B]1743 - 1759 [/B] Chalabi Khan [B]1759 - 1761[/B] Agha Kishi Beg [B]1765 - 1779[/B] Husayn Khan [B]1780 - 1783 [/B] `Abd al-Qadir Khan [B]21 Dec 1783 - 1795[/B] Muhammad Hasan Wali [B] 1795 - 1806[/B] Mustafa Salim Khan [B]10 Dec 1806 - 1815[/B] Ja`far Quli Khan Dumbuli [B]1815 - 1819[/B] Isma`il Khan [SIZE="4"]Shamakha[/SIZE] [B]1748 [/B] Khoja Shamakha and Yeni Shamakha khanates founded [B]1786 [/B] merged into Shamakha [B] 1820[/B] part of Russia [SIZE="4"]Khoja Shamakha[/SIZE] [SIZE="3"]Khan[/SIZE] [B]1748 - 1786 [/B] Muhammad Sa`id Khan [SIZE="4"]Yeni Shamakha[/SIZE] [SIZE="3"]Khans[/SIZE] [B]1748 - 1763 [/B] Muhammad `Ali Khan [B] 1763 - 1768[/B] Aghazi Khan (1st time) [B]1768 - 1769 [/B] Fath `Ali Khan [B]1769 - 1770 [/B] `Abd Allah Beg [B]1770 - 1778[/B] Ildar Beg [B]1778 - 1786 [/B] Aghazi Khan (2nd time) [SIZE="4"]Shamakha[/SIZE] [SIZE="3"]Khans[/SIZE] [B]1786 - 1789 [/B]Askar Khan [B]1789 - 1796[/B] Qasim Khan [B]1796 - 1820[/B] Mustafa Khan [SIZE="4"]Talish[/SIZE] [B] 1747[/B] khanate founded [B]1814[/B] part of Russia [SIZE="3"]Khans[/SIZE] [B]1747[/B] Sa`id `Abbas [B]1747 - 1786[/B] Gara Khan [B]1786 - 1814[/B] Mir Mustafa Khan -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="5"]Azerbaijan[/SIZE] [B]28 May 1918[/B] Azerbaijan People's Republic [B]28 Apr 1920[/B] Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic [B]12 Mar 1922[/B] part (with Armenia and Georgia) of the Federative Union of Soviet Socialist Republics of Transcaucasia (see under Georgia) [B]13 Dec 1922[/B] part of the Transcaucasian Soviet Federative [SIZE="4"]Socialist[/SIZE] Republic (see under Georgia) [B]30 Dec 1922[/B] T.S.F.S.R. founding component of the Soviet Union [B] 5 Dec 1936[/B] T.S.F.S.R. dissolved; Azerbaijan S.S.R. becomes a full union republic (see Soviet republics) [B]19 Nov 1990[/B] Azerbaijani Republic [B]30 Aug 1991[/B] independence declared [B]25 Dec 1991[/B] final independence (dissolution of the U.S.S.R.) [SIZE="4"]Chairman of the National Council[/SIZE] [B]28 May 1918 - 7 Dec 1918[/B] Memmed Resulzade [B](b. 1884 - d. 1955)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Chairman of Parliament[/SIZE] [B] 7 Dec 1918 - 27 Apr 1920[/B] Alimardanbey Topchubashov [B](b. 1862 - d. 1934)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Chairmen of the Provisional Military-Revolutionary Committee[/SIZE] [B]28 Apr 1920 - 16 May 1920[/B] Mirza Davud Husseynov [B](b. 1894 - d. 1938)[/B] [B]16 May 1920 - 19 May 1921[/B] Nariman Narimanov [B](b. 1870 - d. 1925)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee[/SIZE] [B]19 May 1921 - 1922[/B] Mukhtar Hajiyev [B]28 Apr 1922 - Sep 1929[/B] Samad Aga Agamali ogly Aliyev [B](b. 1867 - d. 1930)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Presidents[/SIZE] [B]18 May 1990 - 6 Mar 1992[/B] Ayaz Mutalibov (1st time) [B](b. 1938)[/B] [B] 6 Mar 1992 - 14 May 1992[/B] Yagub Mamedov (1st time) (acting) [B](b. 1941)[/B] [B]14 May 1992 - 16 May 1992[/B] Ayaz Mutalibov (2nd time) (s.a.) [B]16 May 1992 - 18 May 1992 [/B] Yagub Mamedov (2nd time) (acting) (s.a.) [B]18 May 1992 - 16 Jun 1992[/B] Isa Gambarov (acting) [B](b. 1957)[/B] [B]16 Jun 1992 - 1 Sep 1993[/B] Abulfez Elchibey [B](b. 1938 - d. 2000)[/B] [B]24 Jun 1993 - 31 Oct 2003 [/B] Heydar Aliyev [B](b. 1923 - d. 2003)[/B] (acting to 10 Oct 1993 [for Elchibey to 1 Sep 1993]) [B]31 Oct 2003 - [/B] Ilham Aliyev [B] (b. 1961)[/B] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Prime ministers[/SIZE] [B]28 May 1918 - 5 Apr 1919 [/B] Fath Ali Khan Khoiski [B](b. 1876 - d. 1920)[/B] [B] 5 Apr 1919 - 1 Apr 1920[/B] Nasibbey Yusifbeyli [B](b. 1881 - d. 1920)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars[/SIZE] [B] May 1921 - 1922[/B] Nariman Narimanov (s.a.) [B]1922 - 1928 [/B] Gazanfar Musabekov [B](b. 1888 - d. 1938)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Prime ministers[/SIZE] [B]25 Jan 1990 - 7 Apr 1992[/B] Hasan Hasanov [B](b. 1940)[/B] [B] 7 Apr 1992 - 18 May 1992[/B] Firuz Mustafayev (acting) [B]18 May 1992 - 26 Jan 1993[/B] Rahim Huseynov [B](b. 1936)[/B] [B]26 Jan 1993 - 28 Apr 1993 [/B] Ali Masimov [B](b. 1952)[/B] [B]28 Apr 1993 - 7 Jun 1993[/B] Panakh Huseynov [B](b. 1957)[/B] [B]27 Jun 1993 - 6 Oct 1994 [/B] Suret Huseynov [B](b. 1959)[/B] [B] 6 Oct 1994 - 20 Jul 1996 [/B] Fuad Guliyev [B](b. 1941)[/B] (acting to 2 May 1995) [B]20 Jul 1996 - 4 Aug 2003[/B] Artur Rasizade (1st time) [B](b. 1935)[/B] (acting to 26 Nov 1996) [B] 4 Aug 2003 - 4 Nov 2003[/B] Ilham Aliyev (s.a.) [B] 6 Aug 2003 - 4 Nov 2003 [/B] Artur Rasizade (s.a.) (acting for Aliyev) [B]4 Nov 2003 -[/B] Artur Rasizade (2nd time) (s.a.) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Nakhichevan autonomous republic[/SIZE] [SIZE="3"]Chairmen of the Supreme Council[/SIZE] [B] 5 Sep 1991 - 23 Jun 1993[/B] Heydar Aliyev (s.a.) [B] 3 Jul 1993 - [/B] Vasif Talybov [B] (b. 1960)[/B] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="3"]Prime ministers[/SIZE] [B]1991 - 1993[/B] Bedzhan Farziliyev [B]1993 - 2000 [/B] Shamsaddin Khanbabayev [B]2000 - [/B] Alovsat Bakhshiyev [B](b. 1956)[/B] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Nagorno-Karabakh[/SIZE] [B] 2 Sep 1991 [/B] Armenian Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh [B]6 Jan 1992 [/B] independence declared [SIZE="3"]Chairman of the Executive Council[/SIZE] [B]2 Sep 1991 - 6 Jan 1992[/B] Leonard Petrosyan [B](b. 1953 - d. 1999)[/B] [SIZE="3"]Chairmen of Parliament[/SIZE] [B] 7 Jan 1992 - 14 Apr 1992[/B] Artur Mkrtchyan [B](b. 1959 - d. 1992)[/B] [B]15 Apr 1992 - 14 Jun 1993[/B] Georgy Petrosyan (acting) [B](b. 1953)[/B] [B]14 Jun 1993 - 29 Dec 1994[/B] Garen Baburyan (acting) [B] (b. 1954)[/B] [SIZE="3"]Presidents[/SIZE] [B]29 Dec 1994 - 20 Mar 1997[/B] Robert Kocharyan [B](b. 1954)[/B] [B]20 Mar 1997 - 8 Sep 1997 [/B] Leonard Petrosyan (acting) (s.a.) [B] 8 Sep 1997 - 7 Sep 2007 [/B] Arkady Gukasyan [B](b. 1957)[/B] [B] 7 Sep 2007 -[/B] Bako Sahakyan [B] (b. 1960)[/B] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="3"]Prime ministers[/SIZE] [B]8 Jan 1992 - Aug 1992[/B] Oleg Yessayan [B] (b. 1946)[/B] [B]Aug 1992 - Dec 1994 [/B] Robert Kocharyan (s.a.) [B]Dec 1994 - Jun 1998 [/B] Leonard Petrosyan (s.a.) [B]Jun 1998 - 24 Jun 1999 [/B] Zhirayr Pogosyan [B] (b. 1942)[/B] [B]30 Jun 1999 - 14 Sep 2007 [/B] Anushavan Danielyan [B](b. 1956)[/B] [B]14 Sep 2007 - [/B] Araik Arutyunyan [B](b. 1973)[/B] |
Bahamas
[SIZE="5"]B[COLOR="Blue"]ah[/COLOR][COLOR="Yellow"]am[/COLOR][COLOR="Blue"]as[/COLOR][/SIZE]
[IMG]http://www.chevroncars.com/learn/flags/img/The-Bahamas-flag.gif[/IMG] [B]1648 [/B] first English settlement [B]1718 [/B] British crown colony [B] 3 Mar 1776 - 17 Mar 1776 [/B] American occupation [B] 8 May 1782 - 19 Apr 1783 [/B] Spanish occupation [B] 1969 [/B] Commonwealth of the Bahama Islands [B]10 Jul 1973 [/B] independence (Commonwealth of The Bahamas) [SIZE="4"]Governors[/SIZE] [B]1697 - 1700 [/B] Nicholas Webb [B] 1700 - 1701 [/B] Elias Haskett [B]1701 - 1705 [/B] Ellis Lightfood [B]Jan 1706 - 1706 [/B]Edward Birch [B] 1706 [/B] Thomas Walker [B]1706 - 1718 [/B] pirate rule - Thomas Barrow - Benjamin Hornigold [B](b. ... - d. 1719?)[/B] - Edward Teach "Blackbeard" [B] (b. 1680? - d. 1718)[/B] et al. [B]26 Jul 1718 - 1721 [/B] Woodes Rogers (1st time) [B](b. 1679? - d. 1732)[/B] [B]1721 - 1728 [/B] George Phenney [B]Aug 1729 - 16 Jul 1732[/B] Woodes Rogers (2nd time) (s.a.) [B]1732 - 1733 [/B] Richard Thompson (acting) [B]Nov 1733 - 1740[/B] Richard Fitzwilliams [B]1740 - 1758 [/B] John Tinker [B] (b. ... - d. 1758)[/B] [B]1758 - 1760 [/B] John Gambier (1st time) (acting) [B](b. 1723 - d. 1782)[/B] [B]1760 - 1768 [/B] William Shirley [B](b. 1694 - d. 1771)[/B] [B]28 Nov 1768 - 1774 [/B] Thomas Shirley [B](b. 1727 - d. 1780)[/B] [B]1774 - 3 Mar 1776[/B] Montfort Browne (1st time) [B]3 Mar 1776 - 17 Mar 1776[/B] Samuel Nicholas [B](b. 1744 - d. 1790)[/B] (American commander) [B]1776 - 1778[/B] John Gambier (2nd time) (acting) (s.a.) [B]1778 - 1779 [/B] Montfort Browne (2nd time) [B]1780 - 1784 [/B] John Robert Maxwell (1782-83 Spanish prisoner) [B] 8 May 1782 - 19 Apr 1783[/B] Bernardo de Gálvez [B](b. 1746 - d. 1786)[/B] (Spanish commander) [B]1784 - 1786 [/B] James Edward Powell [B]1786 - 1787 [/B] John Brown (acting) [B]1787 - 1796 [/B] John Murray, Earl of Dunmore [B](b. 1732 - d. 1809)[/B] [B] 1796 - 14 Feb 1797[/B] Robert Hunt (acting) [B]14 Feb 1797 - Jun 1797[/B] John Forbes [B](b. 1750 - d. 1797)[/B] [B]20 Nov 1797 - 1801 [/B] William Dowdeswell [B](b. 1761 - d. 1828)[/B] [B]1801 - 1804[/B] John Halkett [B](b. 1768 - d. 1852)[/B] [B] 8 May 1804 - 1820[/B] Charles Cameron [B](b. 1766? - d. 1828)[/B] [B]1821 - 1829 [/B] Lewis Grant [B] (b. ... - d. 1852)[/B] [B]1829 - 1833 [/B]James Carmichael Smyth [B](b. 1779 - d. 1838)[/B] [B]1833 - 1835 [/B] Blayney Townley Balfour [B](b. 1799 - d. 1882)[/B] [B]1835 - 1837 [/B] William MacBean George Colebrooke [B](b. 1787 - d. 1870)[/B] [B]1837 - 1844 [/B] Francis Cockburne [B]1844 - 1849 [/B] George Benvenuto Mathew [B](b. 1807 - d. 1879)[/B] 18[B]49 - 1854 [/B] John Gregory [B]1854 - 1857 [/B]Sir Alexander Bannerman [B](b. 1783 - d. 1864)[/B] 18[B]57 - 1864 [/B] Charles John Bayley [B](b. ... - d. 1873)[/B] [B]1864 - 1869 [/B] Rawson William Rawson [B](b. 1812 - d. 1899)[/B] [B]1869 - 1871 [/B] Sir James Walker [B] (b. 1809 - d. 1885[/B]) [B]1871 - 1873 [/B] George Cumine Strahan [B](b. 1838 - d. 1889)[/B] [B]1873 - 1874 [/B] Sir John Pope Hennessy [B](b. 1834 - d. 1891)[/B] [B]1874 - 1880 [/B] William Robinson [B](b. 1836 - d. 1912)[/B] [B]1880 - 1881 [/B] Jeremiah Thomas Fitzgerald Callaghan [B] (b. c.1830 - d. 1881)[/B] [B]1882 - Jan 1884[/B] Charles Cameron Lees (from 1883, Sir Charles Cameron Lees) [B] (b. 1837 - d. 1898)[/B] [B] 4 Jan 1884 - 1887[/B] Sir Henry Arthur Blake [B](b. 1840 - d. 1918)[/B] [B]1887 - 1895 [/B] Sir Ambrose Shea [B](b. 1816 - d. 1905)[/B] [B]1895 - 1898 [/B]Sir William Frederick Haynes Smith [B](b. 1839 - d. 1928)[/B] [B]1898 - 1904 [/B] Sir Gilbert Thomas Carter [B](b. 1848 - d. 1927)[/B] [B]29 Nov 1904 - 1912 [/B] Sir William Grey-Wilson [B](b. 1852 - d. 1926)[/B] [B]29 Oct 1912 - 1914 [/B] Sir George Basil Haddon-Smith [B](b. 1861 - d. 1931)[/B] [B]15 Jun 1914 - 1920 [/B]Sir William Lamond Allardyce [B](b. 1861 - d. 1930)[/B] [B] 8 Dec 1920 - 1926 [/B] Sir Harry Edward Spiller Cordeaux [B](b. 1870 - d. 1943)[/B] [B]15 Mar 1927 - Jan 1932[/B] Charles William James Orr (from 1928, Sir Charles William James Orr) [B] (b. 1870 - d. 1945)[/B] [B]10 Jan 1932 - 1934 [/B] Bede Edmund Hugh Clifford (from 1933, Sir Bede Edmund Hugh Clifford) [B] (b. 1890 - d. 1969)[/B] [B]1934 - 1940 [/B]Charles Cecil Farquharson Dundas (from 1938, Sir Charles Cecil Farquharson Dundas) [B](b. 1884 - d. 1956)[/B] (acting to 1937) [B]18 Aug 1940 - 1945 [/B] Prince Edward, Duke of Windsor [B](b. 1894 - d. 1972)[/B] [B]28 Jul 1945 - 1950 [/B] William Lindsay Murphy (from 1946, Sir William Lindsay Murphy) [B](b. 1887 - d. 1965)[/B] [B] 5 Jan 1950 - Dec 1950 [/B] Sir George Ritchie Sandford [B](b. 1892 - d. 1950)[/B] [B] 7 Dec 1950 - 1953 [/B] Robert Arthur Ross Neville (from 1952, Sir Robert Arthur Ross Neville) [B](b. 1896 - d. 1987)[/B] [B]21 Dec 1953 - 1956 [/B] Thomas David Knox, Earl of Ranfurly [B] (b. 1913 - d. 1988)[/B] [B] 1 Apr 1957 - 1960 [/B] Sir Oswald Raynor Arthur [B] (b. 1905 - d. 1973)[/B] [B]18 Jul 1960 - 1964 [/B] Sir Robert Stapledon [B](b. 1909 - d. 1975)[/B] [B] 3 Jun 1964 - 1968 [/B] Sir Ralph Francis Alnwick Grey [B](b. 1910 - d. 1999)[/B] [B] 1 Nov 1968 - 1972[/B] Sir Francis Edward Hovell-Thurlow- Cumming-Bruce (from 1971, Francis Edward Hovell-Thurlow- Cumming-Bruce, Baron Thurlow) [B](b. 1912)[/B] [B]14 May 1972 - 10 Jul 1973 [/B] Sir John Warburton Paul [B](b. 1916 - d. 2004)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Governors-general (representing the British monarch as head of state)[/SIZE] [B]10 Jul 1973 - 31 Jul 1973 [/B] Sir John Warburton Paul (acting) (s.a.) [B] 1 Aug 1973 - 22 Jan 1979 [/B] Sir Milo Butler [B](b. 1906 - d. 1979)[/B] [B]22 Jan 1979 - 25 Jun 1988[/B] Sir Gerald Cash [B](b. 1917 - d. 2003)[/B] (acting [for Butler from 2 Sep 1976] to 23 Sep 1979) [B]26 Jun 1988 - 1 Jan 1992[/B] Sir Henry Taylor [B](b. 1903 - d. 1994)[/B] (acting to 28 Feb 1991) [B] 2 Jan 1992 - 2 Jan 1995[/B] Sir Clifford Darling [B](b. 1922)[/B] [B] 3 Jan 1995 - 13 Nov 2001 [/B] Orville Turnquest (from 22 Feb 1995, Sir Orville Turnquest) [B](b. 1929)[/B] [B]13 Nov 2001 - 30 Nov 2005[/B] Dame Ivy Dumont (f) [B](b. 1930)[/B] (acting to 1 Jan 2002) [B] 1 Dec 2005 - 1 Feb 2006[/B] Paul Adderley (acting) [B](b. 1928?)[/B] [B] 1 Feb 2006 - [/B] Arthur Dion Hanna [B](b. 1928)[/B] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Chief minister[/SIZE] [B] 1955 - 7 Jan 1964[/B] Roland T. Symonette (from 1959, Sir Roland T. Symonette) [B](b. 1898 - d. 1980)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Premiers[/SIZE] [B] 7 Jan 1964 - 16 Jan 1967 [/B] Sir Roland T. Symonette (s.a.) [B]16 Jan 1967 - 1969[/B] Lynden O. Pindling [B](b. 1930 - d. 2000)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Prime ministers[/SIZE] [B] 1969 - 21 Aug 1992[/B] Lynden O. Pindling (from 1 Jan [B]1983[/B], Sir Lynden O. Pindling) (s.a.) [B]21 Aug 1992 - 3 May 2002 [/B] Hubert Ingraham (1st time) [B](b. 1947)[/B] [B] 3 May 2002 - 4 May 2007 [/B]Perry Christie [B](b. 1943)[/B] [B] 4 May 2005 - 22 Jun 2005 [/B] Cynthia Pratt (f) [B](b. 1945)[/B] (acting for Christie) [B] 4 May 2007 - [/B] Hubert Ingraham (2nd time) (s.a.) |
Bahrain
[SIZE="5"]Bah[COLOR="Red"]rain[/COLOR][/SIZE]
[IMG]http://www.arabooo.com/images/bahrain-flag.gif[/IMG] [B] 1783 [/B] Al Khalifah lineage settles on Bahrain [B] 2 Dec 1880 - 15 Aug 1971 [/B] British protectorate [B]16 Aug 1971 [/B] State of Bahrain [B]14 Feb 2002 [/B] Kingdom of Bahrain [SIZE="4"]Rulers (hakim)[/SIZE] [SIZE="3"]- Banu `Utub dynasty -[/SIZE] [B]1783 - 18 Jul 1795[/B] Sheikh Ahmad ibn Muhammad Al Khalifah [B](b. ... - d. 1795)[/B] [B]1796 - Apr 1843[/B] Sheikh Abdullah ibn Ahmad Al Khalifah [B](b. 17... - d. 1849)[/B] (jointly with the following three) [B]1796 - 1825[/B] Sheikh Sulman ibn Ahmad Al Khalifah [B](b. 17... - d. 1825)[/B] [B]1825 - 31 May 1834[/B] Sheikh Khalifah ibn Sulman Al Khalifah [B](b. ... - d. 1834)[/B] [B]31 May 1834 - Jun 1842 [/B]Sheikh Muhammad ibn Khalifah Al Khalifah (1st time) [B](b. 1813 - d. 1890)[/B] [B] Apr 1843 - 6 Sep 1868[/B] Sheikh Muhammad ibn Khalifah Al Khalifah (2nd time) (s.a.) [B] 6 Sep 1868 - 28 Sep 1869[/B] Sheikh Ali ibn Khalifah Al Khalifah [B] (b. 1814 - d. 1869)[/B] [B] Sep 1869 - 1 Dec 1869[/B] Sheikh Muhammad ibn Abdullah Al Khalifah [B](b. 1817 - d. 1877)[/B] [B]Dec 1869 - 9 Dec 1932 [/B] Sheikh `Isa ibn Ali Al Khalifah [B](b. 1848 - d. 1932)[/B] (jointly with following) [B]Dec 1869 - Oct 1888[/B] Sheikh Ahmad ibn Ali Al Khalifah [B](b. 1850 - d. 1888)[/B] (jointly with preceding) [B] 9 Dec 1932 - 24 Feb 1942[/B] Sheikh Hamad ibn `Isa Al Khalifah [B](b. 1872 - d. 1942)[/B] [B]24 Feb 1942 - 2 Nov 1961[/B] Sheikh Sulman ibn Hamad Al Khalifah [B](b. 1894 - d. 1961)[/B] [B] 2 Nov 1961 - 16 Aug 1971 [/B]Sheikh `Isa ibn Sulman Al Khalifah [B](b. 1933 - d. 1999)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Emirs[/SIZE] [B]16 Aug 1971 - 6 Mar 1999 [/B] Sheikh `Isa ibn Sulman Al Khalifah (s.a.) [B]6 Mar 1999 - 14 Feb 2002 [/B] Sheikh Hamad ibn `Isa Al Khalifah [B](b. 1950)[/B] King [B]14 Feb 2002 - [/B] Sheikh Hamad ibn `Isa Al Khalifah (s.a.) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Prime minister[/SIZE] [B]19 Jan 1970 - [/B] Sheikh Khalifah ibn Sulman Al Khalifah [B] (b. 1936)[/B] (president of the State Council to 16 Aug 1971) [SIZE="4"]British political agents[/SIZE] [B]10 Feb 1900 - 1904[/B] John Calcott Gaskin [B]1904 - 1909[/B] Francis Beville Prideaux [B](b. 1871 - d. 1938)[/B] [B]1909 - 1910[/B] Charles Fraser Mackenzie [B](b. 1880 - d. 1965)[/B] [B]1910 - 1911 [/B] Stuart George Knox [B](b. 1869 - d. 1956)[/B] [B]1911 - 1912 [/B] David Lockhart Robertson Lorimer [B](b. 1876 - d. 1962)[/B] [B]1912 - 1914 [/B] Arthur Prescott Trevor [B](b. 1872 - d. 1930)[/B] [B]1914 - 1916[/B] Terence Humphrey Keyes [B] (b. 1877 - d. 1939)[/B] [B]1916[/B] Hugh Stewart [B](b. 1872 - d. 1931)[/B] [B] 1916[/B] Trenchard Craven William Fowle [B](b. 1884 - d. 1940)[/B] [B]1916 - 1918[/B] Percy Gordon Loch (1st time) [B](b. 1887 - d. 1963)[/B] [B]1918[/B] George Alexander Gavin Mungavin [B]1918 - 1919[/B] Norman Napier Bray [B](b. 1885 - d. 1962)[/B] [B]1919 - 1920[/B] Harold Richard Patrick Dickson ([B]b. 1881 - d. 1959)[/B] [B] 1920 - 1921[/B] Sayid Siddiq Hassan (acting) [B]1921 - 1926[/B] Clive Kirkpatrick Daly [B](b. 1878 - d. 1966)[/B] [B]1926 - 1929[/B] Cyril Charles Johnson Barrett [B](b. 1884 - d. 1933)[/B] [B]1929 - 1932[/B] Charles Geoffrey Prior [B](b. 1896 - d. 1972)[/B] [B]1932 - 1937 [/B] Percy Gordon Loch (2nd time) (s.a.) [B]1937[/B] Tom Hickinbotham (1st time) [B](b. 1903 - d. 1983)[/B] [B]1937 - 1940[/B] Hugh Weightman [B](b. 1898 - d. 1949)[/B] [B]1940 - 1942[/B] Reginald George Evelyn William Alban [B](b. 1899)[/B] [B] 1942 - 1943[/B] Edward Birkbeck Wakefield (1st time) [B](b. 1903 - d. 1969)[/B] [B]1943[/B] Michael Gray Dixon (acting) [B](b. 1910)[/B] [B]1943 - 1945[/B] Tom Hickinbotham (2nd time) (s.a.) [B]1945[/B] Cornelius James Pelly (1st time) [B](b. 1908 - d. 1985)[/B] [B]1945 - 1947[/B] Edward Birkbeck Wakefield (2nd time) (s.a.) [B]1947 - 1951 [/B] Cornelius James Pelly (2nd time) (s.a.) [B] 1951 - 1952[/B] William Scott Laver ([B]b. 1909 - d. 1988)[/B] [B]1952 - 1954 [/B] John William Wall [B](b. 1910 - d. 1989)[/B] [B]1954 - 1959 [/B] Charles Alexander Gault [B](b. 1908 - d. 1996)[/B] [B]1959 - 1962[/B] Edward Parr Wiltshire [B](b. 1910 - d. 2004)[/B] [B]1962 - 1965[/B] John Peter Tripp [B](b. 1927 - d. 1986)[/B] [B]1965 - 1969[/B] Anthony Parsons [B](b. 1922 - d. 1996)[/B] [B]1969 - 1971[/B] Alexander John Stirling [B] (b. 1926)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Chief political residents of the Persian Gulf[/SIZE] (for Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, and the Trucial States) [B]1822 - 1823[/B] John Mcleod [B](b. ... - d. 1851)[/B] [B]1823 - 1827 [/B] Ephraim Gerrish Stannus [B](b. 1784 - d. 1850)[/B] [B]1827 - 1831[/B] David Wilson 18[B]31 - 1835[/B] David Alexander Blane [B]1835 - 1838[/B] James Morrison [B](b. 1790 - d. 1857)[/B] [B]1838 - 1852 [/B] Samuel Hennell [B]1852 - 1856 [/B] Arnold Burrowes Kemball [B](b. 1820 - d. 1908)[/B] [B]1856 - 1862[/B] Felix Jones [B]1862 - 1872[/B] Lewis Pelly [B](b. 1825 - d. 1892)[/B] [B]1872 - 1891[/B] Edward Charles Ross [B](b. 1836 - d. 1913)[/B] [B]1891 - 1893 [/B] Adelbert Cecil Talbot [B] (b. 1845 - d. 1920)[/B] [B]1893[/B] Stuart Hill Godfrey (acting) [B](b. 1861 - d. 1941)[/B] [B]1893 [/B] James Hayes Sadler (1st time) [B](b. 1851 - d. 1922)[/B] (acting) [B]1893 [/B] James Adair Crawford (acting) [B](b. 1857 - d. 1936)[/B] 18[B]93 - 1894[/B] James Hayes Sadler (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting) [B]1894 - 1897[/B] Frederick Alexander Wilson [B](b. 1842 - d. 1899)[/B] [B]1897 - 1900[/B] Malcolm John Meade [B](b. 1854 - d. 1933)[/B] [B]1900 - 1904 [/B] Charles Arnold Kemball (acting) [B](b. 1860 - d. 1943)[/B] [B]1904 - 1920[/B] Percy Cox (from 1911, Sir Percy Cox) [B] (b. 1864 - d. 1937)[/B] Acting for Cox: [B]1913 - 1914[/B] John Gordon Lorimer [B](b. 1870 - d. 1914)[/B] [B]1914 [/B] Richard Lockinton Birdwood [B](b. 1879 - d. 1914)[/B] [B]1914 [/B] Stuart George Knox (1st time) [B](b. 1869 - d. 1956)[/B] [B] 1915 [/B] Stuart George Knox (2nd time) (s.a.) [B]1915 - 1917 [/B] Arthur Prescott Trevor (1st time) [B](b. 1872 - d. 1930)[/B] [B]1917 - 1919 [/B] John Hugo Bill [B](b. 18... - d. 1919)[/B] [B] 1919[/B] Cecil Hamilton Gabriel [B](b. 1879 - d. 1947)[/B] [B]1919 - 1920[/B] Arthur Prescott Trevor (2nd time) (s.a.) [B]1920 [/B] Arnold Talbot Wilson (acting) [B](b. 1884 - d. 1940)[/B] [B]1920 - 1924[/B] Arthur Prescott Trevor (s.a.) [B]1924 - 1927[/B] Francis Beville Prideaux [B](b. 1871 - d. 1938)[/B] [B]1927 - 1928[/B] Lionel Berkeley Holt Haworth [B](b. 1873 - d. 1951)[/B] [B]1928 - 1929[/B] Frederick William Johnston [B](b. 1872 - d. 1947)[/B] [B]1929 [/B] Cyril Charles Johnson Barrett [B](b. 1884 - d. 1933)[/B] (acting) [B]1929 - 1932 [/B] Hugh Vincent Biscoe [B](b. 1881 - d. 1932)[/B] [B]1932 - 1939[/B] Trenchard Craven William Fowle [B](b. 1884 - d. 1940)[/B] [B]1939 - 1946[/B] Charles Geoffrey Prior [B](b. 1896 - d. 1972)[/B] [B]1946 - 1953[/B] Rupert Hay (from 1952, Sir Rupert Hay) [B] (b. 1893 - d. 1962)[/B] [B]22 Oct 1953 - 1958[/B] Bernard Burrows (from 1955, Sir Bernard Burrows) [B](b. 1910 - d. 2002)[/B] [B]1958 - 1961[/B] Sir George Humphrey Middleton [B](b. 1910 - d. 1998)[/B] [B]1961 - 1966[/B] Sir William Luce [B] (b. 1907 - d. 1977)[/B] [B]1966 - 1970[/B] Sir Stewart Crawford [B](b. 1913 - d. 2002)[/B] [B]1970 - 1971[/B] Sir Geoffrey Arthur [B] (b. 1920 - d. 1984)[/B] |
Bangladesh
[SIZE="5"][COLOR="SeaGreen"]Bang[/COLOR][COLOR="Red"]la[/COLOR][COLOR="SeaGreen"]desh[/COLOR][/SIZE]
[IMG]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag-map_of_Bangladesh.svg/429px-Flag-map_of_Bangladesh.svg.png[/IMG] [B]14 Aug 1947 [/B] part of Pakistan (previously part of British India) [B]26 Mar 1971 [/B] independence proclaimed (People's Republic of Bangladesh) [B]16 Dec 1971[/B] de facto independence (capitulation of Pakistan) [SIZE="4"]Presidents[/SIZE] [B]11 Apr 1971 - 12 Jan 1972 [/B] Mujibur Rahman (1st time) [B](b. 1920 - d. 1975)[/B] (Pakistani prisoner to 8 Jan 1972) [B]11 Apr 1971 - 10 Jan 1972 [/B] Syed Nazrul Islam [B](b. 1925 - d. 1975)[/B] (acting for Mujibur Rahman) [B]12 Jan 1972 - 24 Dec 1973[/B] Abu Sayeed Chowdhury [B](b. 1921 - d. 1987)[/B] [B]26 Dec 1973 - 25 Jan 1975[/B] Mohammad Mohammadullah [B](b. 1921 - d. 1999)[/B] (acting to 24 Jan 1974) [B]25 Jan 1975 - 15 Aug 1975 [/B] Mujibur Rahman (2nd time) (s.a.) [B]15 Aug 1975 - 6 Nov 1975 [/B] Khandakar Mushtaq Ahmed [B](b. 1918 - d. 1996)[/B] [B] 6 Nov 1975 - 21 Apr 1977[/B] Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem [B](b. 1916 - d. 1997)[/B] (also chief martial law administrator 7 Nov 1975 - 29 Nov 1976) [B]21 Apr 1977 - 30 May 1981 [/B] Ziaur Rahman [B](b. 1936 - d. 1981)[/B] (also chief martial law administrator 29 Nov 1976 - 6 Apr 1979) [B]30 May 1981 - 24 Mar 1982[/B] Abdus Sattar [B](b. 1906 - d. 1985)[/B] (acting to 20 Nov 1981) [B]24 Mar 1982 - 27 Mar 1982[/B] Hossain Mohammad Ershad (1st time) (b. 1930) (chief martial law administrator 24 Mar 1982 - 30 Mar 1984) [B]27 Mar 1982 - 11 Dec 1983 [/B] A.F.M. Ahsanuddin Chowdhury [B] (b. 1915 - d. 2001)[/B] [B]11 Dec 1983 - 6 Dec 1990[/B] Hossain Mohammad Ershad (2nd time) (s.a.) [B] 6 Dec 1990 - 10 Oct 1991[/B] Shahabuddin Ahmed (1st time) [B](b. 1930)[/B] (acting) [B]10 Oct 1991 - 9 Oct 1996[/B] Abdur Rahman Biswas [B](b. 1926)[/B] [B] 9 Oct 1996 - 14 Nov 2001[/B] Shahabuddin Ahmed (2nd time) (s.a.) [B]14 Nov 2001 - 21 Jun 2002[/B] A.Q.M. Badruddoza Chowdhury [B](b. 1932)[/B] [B]21 Jun 2002 - 6 Sep 2002 [/B] Jamiruddin Sircar (acting) [B](b. 1931)[/B] [B] 6 Sep 2002 - 12 Feb 2009[/B] Iajuddin Ahmed ([B]b. 1931)[/B] [B]12 Feb 2009 - [/B] Zillur Rahman [B](b. 1929)[/B] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Prime ministers[/SIZE] [B]11 Apr 1971 - 13 Jan 1972[/B] Tajuddin Ahmed [B](b. 1925 - d. 1975)[/B] [B]13 Jan 1972 - 26 Jan 1975[/B] Mujibur Rahman (s.a.) [B]26 Jan 1975 - 15 Aug 1975[/B] Mohammad Mansoor Ali [B](b. 1919 - d. 1975)[/B] [B]29 Jun 1978 - 12 Mar 1979[/B] Mashiur Rahman (senior minister) [B](b. 1924 - d. 1979)[/B] [B]15 Apr 1979 - 24 Mar 1982[/B] Shah Azizur Rahman [B](b. 1925 - d. 1988)[/B] [B]30 Mar 1984 - 9 Jul 1986 [/B] Ataur Rahman Khan [B](b. 1905 - d. 1991)[/B] [B] 9 Jul 1986 - 27 Mar 1988[/B] Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury ([B]b. 1928 - d. 2006)[/B] [B]27 Mar 1988 - 12 Aug 1989[/B] Moudud Ahmed [B](b. 1940)[/B] [B]12 Aug 1989 - 6 Dec 1990[/B] Kazi Zafar Ahmed [B](b. 1940)[/B] [B]20 Mar 1991 - 30 Mar 1996[/B] Khaleda Zia (f) (1st time) [B](b. 1945)[/B] [B]30 Mar 1996 - 23 Jun 1996 [/B] Mohammad Habibur Rahman [B](b. 1930)[/B] (chief adviser) [B]23 Jun 1996 - 15 Jul 2001 [/B] Sheikh Hasina Wajed (f) (1st time) [B](b. 1947)[/B] [B]15 Jul 2001 - 10 Oct 2001[/B] Latifur Rahman (chief adviser) [B](b. 1936)[/B] [B]10 Oct 2001 - 29 Oct 2006 [/B] Khaleda Zia (f) (2nd time) (s.a.) [B]29 Oct 2006 - 11 Jan 2007[/B] Iajuddin Ahmed (chief adviser) (s.a.) [B]11 Jan 2007 - 12 Jan 2007[/B] Fazlul Haque [B](b. 1938)[/B] (acting chief adviser) [B]12 Jan 2007 - 6 Jan 2009 [/B] Fakhruddin Ahmed (chief adviser) [B](b. 1940)[/B] [B] 6 Jan 2009 - [/B] Sheikh Hasina Wajed (f) (2nd time) (s.a.) |
Barbados
[SIZE="5"][COLOR="RoyalBlue"]Bar[/COLOR][COLOR="Yellow"]ba[/COLOR][COLOR="RoyalBlue"]dos[/COLOR][/SIZE]
[IMG]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Flag-map_of_Barbados.png[/IMG] [B]1627[/B] British colony [B]1833 - 1885[/B] part of the Windward Islands (with the governor of Barbados also governor of the Windward Islands) [B] 3 Jan 1958 - 31 May 1962[/B] part of the Federation of the West Indies (see under Trinidad and Tobago) [B]30 Nov 1966 [/B] independence [SIZE="4"]Governors[/SIZE] [B]Dec 1697 - 1701 [/B] Ralph Grey [B](b. c.1661 - d. 1706)[/B] [B]1701 - 1703[/B] John Farmer (acting) [B]1703 - 1706[/B] Sir Bevil Granville [B](b. 16... - d. 1706)[/B] [B] 1707 - 1710[/B] Mitford Crow [B](b. 16... - d. 1719)[/B] [B]1710 - 1711 [/B]George Lillington (acting) [B]1711 - Jan 1714 [/B] Robert Lowther (1st time) [B](b. 1681 - d. 1745)[/B] [B]Jan 1714 - 1715 [/B]William Sharpe (acting) [B]1715 - 1720[/B] Robert Lowther (2nd time) (s.a.) [B] 1720 - 1721[/B] John Frere (acting) [B]1721 - 1722[/B] Samuel Cox (acting) [B]1722 - 1727[/B] Henry Worsley [B](b. ... - d. 1740)[/B] [B]1727 - 1731 [/B] Thomas Catesby Paget [B](b. 1689 - d. 1742)[/B] [B]1731[/B] James Dotin (1st time) (acting) [B]1731 - 1732[/B] Walter Chetwynd [B](b. ... - d. 1732)[/B] [B]1733 - 29 Mar 1735[/B] Emanuel Scrope, Viscount Howe [B](b. c.1699 - d. 1735)[/B] [B]1735 - 1737[/B] James Dotin (2nd time) [B]1737 - 1738[/B] Orlando Bridgeman [B]1738[/B] Humphrey Howarth [B]1738 - 1739 [/B] Thomas Gage, Viscount Gage [B](b. ... - d. 1754)[/B] [B]May 1739 - 1740[/B] Robert Byng [B](b. ... - d. 1741)[/B] [B]1740[/B] James Dotin (3rd time) [B]1742 - 1747 [/B] Sir Thomas Robinson [B](b. c.1700 - d. 1777)[/B] [B]1747 - 1756 [/B]Henry Grenville [B](b. 1717 - d. 1784)[/B] [B]1756 - 1766[/B] Charles Pinfold [B](b. 1709 - d. 1788)[/B] [B]1766 - 1768 [/B] Samuel Rous (1st time) (acting) [B]1768 - 1772[/B] William Spry [B](b. ... - d. 1802)[/B] [B]1772[/B] Samuel Rous (2nd time) (acting) [B]1772 - 1779 [/B]Edward Hay [B](b. 1722 - d. 1779)[/B] [B]1779 - 1780[/B] John Dotin (1st time) (acting) [B]1780 - 1782 [/B]James Cunninghame [B]1783 - 1784[/B] John Dotin (2nd time) (acting) [B]1784 - 1793 [/B] David Parry [B]1793 - 1794[/B] William Bishop (1st time) (acting) [B]1794 - 1800[/B] George Poyntz Ricketts ([B]b. 1749 - d. 1800)[/B] [B]1800 - 1801 [/B] William Bishop (2nd time) (acting) [B]1802 - 1806[/B] Francis Humberstone Mackenzie, (from 1804) Baron Seaforth [B](b. 1754 - d. 1815)[/B] [B]1806 - 1810[/B] John Spooner (acting) [B]1810 - 1815[/B] Sir George Beckwith [B](b. 1753 - d. 1823)[/B] [B]10 May 1815 - 16 Oct 1816[/B] Sir James Leith [B](b. 1763 - d. 1816)[/B] [B]1817 [/B] John Foster Alleyne (acting) [B](b. 1762 - d. 1823)[/B] [B]1817 - 1820[/B] Stapleton Cotton, Viscount Combermere [B](b. 1773 - d. 1865)[/B] [B] 1820 [/B] John Brathwaite Skeete (acting) [B]1821 [/B] Samuel Hinds (acting) [B]1821 - 1829 [/B] Sir Henry Warde [B](b. 1766 - d. 1834)[/B] [B]1829 - 1833[/B] Sir James Lyon [B]1833 - 1836[/B] Sir Lionel Smith [B](b. 1778 - d. 1842)[/B] [B]1836 - 1841 [/B] Evan John Murray MacGregor (from 1839, Sir Evan John Murray MacGregor) [B](b. 1785 - d. 1841)[/B] [B]1841[/B] Charles Henry Darling [B](b. 1809 - d. 1870)[/B] [B]1841 - 1846[/B] Sir Charles Edward Grey [B](b. 1785 - d. 1865)[/B] [B]1846 - 1848 [/B] William Reid [B](b. 1791 - d. 1858)[/B] [B]1848 - 1856 [/B] William MacBean George Colebrooke (b. 1787 - d. 1870) [B]1856 - 4 Jan 1862[/B] Francis Hincks [B](b. 1807 - d. 1885)[/B] [B] 4 Jan 1862 - 1868 [/B]James Walker [B] (b. 1809 - d. 1885)[/B] [B]1868 - 1875[/B] Rawson William Rawson [B](b. 1812 - d. 1899)[/B] [B]1875 [/B] Sanford Freeling (acting) [B](b. 1828 - d. 1894)[/B] [B]1875 - 1876 [/B] Sir John Pope Hennessy [B](b. 1834 - d. 1891)[/B] [B]1876 - 1880 [/B] George Cumine Strahan [B](b. 1838 - d. 1889)[/B] [B]1880 [/B] D.J. Gamble (acting) [B]1880 - 1885[/B] William Robinson [B](b. 1836 - d. 1912)[/B] [B]1885 - 1889[/B] Sir Charles Cameron Lees [B](b. 1837 - d. 1898)[/B] [B]1889 - 1891 [/B] Sir Walter Joseph Sendall [B](b. 1833 - d. 1904)[/B] [B] 1891 - 1900[/B] Sir James Shaw Hay [B](b. 1839 - d. 1924)[/B] [B]18 Feb 1900 - 1904[/B] Sir Frederick Mitchell Hodgson [B](b. 1851 - d. 1925)[/B] [B]24 Oct 1904 - 1911 [/B] Sir Gilbert Thomas Carter [B](b. 1848 - d. 1927)[/B] [B]13 Feb 1911 - 1918[/B] Sir Leslie Probyn [B](b. 1862 - d. 1938)[/B] [B]27 Sep 1918 - 1925[/B] Charles Richard Mackey O'Brien (from 1920, Sir Charles Richard Mackey O'Brien) [B] (b. 1859 - d. 1935)[/B] [B]31 Dec 1925 - Jan 1933[/B] William Charles Fleming Robertson (from 1927, Sir William Charles Fleming Robertson) [B](b. ... - d. 1937)[/B] [B] Jan 1933 - 12 Mar 1933[/B] Harry Scott Newlands [B](b. 1884 - d. 1933)[/B] [B] 5 Aug 1933 - Mar 1938[/B] Mark Young (from 1934, Sir Mark Young) [B] (b. 1886 - d. 1974)[/B] [B] 6 Aug 1938 - 1941 [/B] Eubule John Waddington (from 1939,Sir Eubule John Waddington) [B](b. 1890 - d. 1957)[/B] [B]23 Oct 1941 - 1947 [/B] Sir Henry Grattan Bushe [B](b. 1886 - d. 1961)[/B] [B] 5 Feb 1947 - 1949[/B] Sir Hilary Rudolph Robert Blood ([B]b. 1893 - d. 1967)[/B] [B] 1 Nov 1949 - 1953[/B] Alfred William Lungley Savage(from 1951, Sir Alfred William Lungley Savage) [B](b. 1903 - d. 1980)[/B] [B]14 May 1953 - 1959 [/B] Sir Robert Duncan Harris Arundell ([B]b. 1904 - d. 1989)[/B] [B] 8 Oct 1959 - 29 Nov 1966 [/B] Sir John Montague Stow [B](b. 1911 - d. 1997)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Governors-general (representing the British monarch as head of state)[/SIZE] [B]30 Nov 1966 - 18 May 1967[/B] Sir John Montague Stow (s.a.) [B]18 May 1967 - 9 Aug 1976[/B] Sir Arleigh Winston Scott [B](b. 1900 - d. 1976)[/B] [B] 9 Aug 1976 - 17 Nov 1976[/B] Sir William Douglas (1st time) [B](b. 1921 - d. 2003)[/B] (acting) [B]17 Nov 1976 - 9 Jan 1984[/B] Sir Deighton Lisle Ward [B](b. 1909 - d. 1984)[/B] [B]10 Jan 1984 - 24 Feb 1984[/B] Sir William Douglas (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting) [B]24 Feb 1984 - 6 Jun 1990[/B] Sir Hugh Springer [B](b. 1913 - d. 1994)[/B] [B] 6 Jun 1990 - 19 Dec 1995[/B] Dame Nita Barrow (f) [B](b. 1916 - d. 1995)[/B] [B]19 Dec 1995 - 1 Jun 1996 [/B] Sir Denys Williams (acting) [B](b. 1929)[/B] [B] 1 Jun 1996 - [/B] Sir Clifford Husbands [B] (b. 1926)[/B] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Premiers[/SIZE] [B] 1 Feb 1954 - 17 Apr 1958[/B] Grantley Herbert Adams (from 1957, Sir Grantley Herbert Adams) [B](b. 1898 - d. 1971)[/B] [B]17 Apr 1958 - 8 Dec 1961[/B] Hugh Gordon Cummins [B](b. 1891 - d. 1970)[/B] [B] 8 Dec 1961 - 18 Nov 1966[/B] Errol Barrow [B](b. 1920 - d. 1987)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Prime ministers[/SIZE] [B]18 Nov 1966 - 8 Sep 1976[/B] Errol Barrow (1st time) (s.a.) [B] 8 Sep 1976 - 11 Mar 1985 [/B] J.M.G. Adams [B](b. 1931 - d. 1985)[/B] [B]11 Mar 1985 - 29 May 1986[/B] Bernard St. John [B](b. 1931 - d. 2004)[/B] [B]29 May 1986 - 1 Jun 1987[/B] Errol Barrow (2nd time) (s.a.) [B] 1 Jun 1987 - 7 Sep 1994 [/B] Erskine Sandiford [B](b. 1937)[/B][B] 7 Sep 1994 - 16 Jan 2008 [/B] Owen Arthur [B] (b. 1949)[/B][B]16 Jan 2008 - [/B] David Thompson [B](b. 1961)[/B] |
Belarus
[SIZE="5"][COLOR="Red"]Bela[/COLOR][COLOR="SeaGreen"]rus[/COLOR][/SIZE]
[IMG]http://www1.ocn.ne.jp/~infinite/images/Belarus.gif[/IMG] [B]21 Feb 1918 - 9 Dec 1918[/B] German occupation [B] 9 Mar 1918 [/B] Belorussian Republic declared [B]25 Mar 1918 [/B] independence declared (Belorussian People's Republic), not recognized by Germany [B]10 Dec 1918 [/B] Russian control reestablished [B] 1 Jan 1919 [/B] Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic [B]27 Feb 1919[/B] part of "Litbel" (Lithuanian-Belorussian S.S.R.) (see under Lithuania) [B] 1 Sep 1919[/B] Polish occupation[COLOR="Orange"]¹[/COLOR] [B]Jul 1920 [/B] Russian occupation[COLOR="orange"]¹[/COLOR] [B] 1 Aug 1920 [/B] Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic [B]30 Dec 1922 [/B] founding component of Soviet Union (see Soviet republics) [B]25 Aug 1991 [/B] independence declared [B]19 Sep 1991 [/B] Republic of Belarus (use of "Belorussian S.S.R." allowed until 1993) [B]25 Dec 1991 [/B] final independence (dissolution of the Soviet Union) [SIZE="4"]Chairmen of the Rada[/SIZE] [B]18 Mar 1918 - May 1918[/B] Ivan Mikitavich Syerada [B](b. 1879 - d. af.1943)[/B] [B] May 1918 - Jun 1918[/B] Pavel Pavlavich Alyaksyuk [B](b. 1892 - d. 19...)[/B] [B] Jun 1918 - 3 Dec 1918[/B] Iosif Yuryevich Lyosik ([B]b. 1884 - d. 1940)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Chairman of the Provisional Revolutionary Workers-and-Peasants' Soviet Government[/SIZE] [B]1 Jan 1919 - 4 Feb 1919[/B] Dzmitryi Fyodaravich Zhylunovich [B](b. 1887 - d. 1937)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee[/SIZE][B] 4 Feb 1919 - 27 Feb 1919[/B] Alyaksandr Fyodaravich Myasnikou [B](b. 1886 - d. 1925)[/B] [B]13 Dec 1919 - 1920[/B] Pyotr Krecheuski [B](b. 1879 - d. 1928)[/B] (chairman Rada)[COLOR="orange"]¹[/COLOR] [B]Dec 1919 - Jul 1920[/B] Ivan Mikitavich Syerada[COLOR="orange"]¹ [/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]1 Aug 1920 - 8 Mar 1937[/B] Alyaksandr Ryhoravich Charvyakou [B](b. 1892 - d. 1937)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Chairmen of the Rada (in exile)[/SIZE] [B] Nov 1920 - 8 Mar 1928[/B] Pyotr Krecheuski (s.a.) [B]8 Mar 1928 - 6 Mar 1943[/B] Vasil Zakharka [B](b. 1877 - d. 1943)[/B] [B]6 Mar 1943 - 29 May 1970[/B] Mikalay Abramchyk [B](b. 1903 - d. 1970)[/B] [B]May 1970 - Nov 1982[/B] Vikentsiy Zhuk-Hryshkyevich [B](b. 1903 - d. 1989)[/B] [B]Nov 1982 - 1997 [/B] Jazep Sazhych [B](b. 1917 - d. 2007)[/B] [B] 1997[/B] Barys Ragula (acting) [B](b. 1920 - d. 2005)[/B] [B] 1997 -[/B] Ivonka Survilla (f) [B](b. 1936)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet[/SIZE] [B]18 Sep 1991 - 26 Jan 1994 [/B] Stanislau Shushkevich [B](b. 1934)[/B] [B]26 Jan 1994 - 28 Jan 1994[/B] Vyachaslau Kuznyatsou (acting) [B](b. 1947)[/B] [B]28 Jan 1994 - 20 Jul 1994[/B] Myechyslau Hryb [B](b. 1938)[/B] [SIZE="4"]President[/SIZE][B]20 Jul 1994 - [/B] Alyaksandr Lukashenka [B](b. 1954)[/B] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Chairmen of the People's Secretariat[/SIZE] [B] 9 Mar 1918 - May 1918[/B] Jazep Varonka [B](b. 1891 - d. 1952)[/B] [B]May 1918 - Jun 1918 [/B] Raman Skirmunt [B](b. 1868 - d. af.1939)[/B] [B]Jun 1918[/B] Ivan Mikitavich Syerada (s.a.) [B]Jun 1918 - Oct 1918[/B] Anton Luckievich [B](b. 1884 - d. 1942)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Chairmen of the Council of Ministers (from 1920 in exile)[/SIZE] [B]Oct 1918 - 13 Dec 1919[/B] Anton Luckievich (s.a.) [B]13 Dec 1919 - 23 Aug 1923[/B] Vaclau Lastouski [B](b. 1883 - d. 1938)[/B] [B]23 Aug 1923 - Oct 1925[/B] Alyaksandr Tsvikievich [B](b. 1888 - d. 1937)[/B] [B] Oct 1925 - 6 Mar 1943[/B] Vasil Zakharka (s.a.) [B]6 Mar 1943 - 21 Jun 1948[/B] Mikalay Abramchyk (s.a.) [SIZE="4"]Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars[/SIZE] [B]1 Aug 1920 - 17 Mar 1924[/B] Alyaksandr Ryhoravich Charvyakou (s.a.) [SIZE="4"]Chairman of the Council of Ministers[/SIZE] [B] 7 Apr 1990 - 21 Jul 1994[/B] Vyachaslau Kebich [B](b. 1936)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Prime ministers[/SIZE] [B]21 Jul 1994 - 18 Nov 1996 [/B] Mikhail Chyhir [B](b. 1948)[/B] [B]18 Nov 1996 - 18 Feb 2000[/B] Syarhey Linh [B] (b. 1937)[/B] (acting to 19 Feb 1997) [B]18 Feb 2000 - 1 Oct 2001[/B] Uladzimir Yarmoshyn [B](b. 1942)[/B] (acting to 14 Mar 2000) [B] 1 Oct 2001 - 10 Jul 2003[/B] Henadz Navitski [B] (b. 1949)[/B] (acting to 10 Oct 2001) [B]10 Jul 2003 - [/B] Syarhey Sidorski [B](b. 1954)[/B] (acting to 19 Dec 2003) [COLOR="Orange"]¹During Polish and Russian occupation, there were two rebel revivals in part of the country of the Belorussian People's Republic.[/COLOR] |
Belgium
[SIZE="5"]Bel[COLOR="Yellow"]gi[/COLOR][COLOR="Red"]um[/COLOR][/SIZE]
[IMG]http://alainsaffel.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/flag-and-map-of-belgium-300x247.png[/IMG] [B]1556 [/B] Spanish Netherlands [B]1713[/B] Austrian Netherlands [B]11 Jan 1790 - 2 Dec 1790[/B] United Belgian States in revolt against Habsburg rule [B] 1 Oct 1795 [/B] annexed to France [B]15 Feb 1814 [/B] Belgian territory separated from France (Gouvernement-général de la Belgique) [B]12 May 1815[/B] incorporation of the Belgian lands and Liège into the Kingdom of the Netherlands [B] 4 Oct 1830 [/B] independence proclaimed (Belgium) [B] 7 Feb 1831 [/B] Kingdom of Belgium [B] 4 Aug 1914 - 11 Nov 1918[/B] occupied by Germany [B]10 May 1940 - 3 Sep 1944[/B] occupied by Germany [SIZE="4"]Presidents of the Sovereign Congress[/SIZE] [B]11 Jan 1790 - 1790[/B] François de Nélis [B](b. 1736 - d. 1798)[/B] [B] 8 Nov 1790 - 1790[/B] Hendrik Herman Werner Frans Anton van Crumpipen [B](b. 1738 - d. 1811)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Governors-general (on behalf of the Allied Powers)[/SIZE] [B]15 Feb 1814 - 18 Feb 1814[/B] Eugène Jean Baptiste, comte de Robiano (acting) [B](b. 1741 - d. 1820)[/B] [B]18 Feb 1814 - 23 Mar 1814[/B] Frédéric Auguste Alexandre, duc de Beaufort-Spontin [B](b. 1751 - d. 1817)[/B] [B]23 Mar 1814 - 5 May 1814[/B] Baron von Horst [B] 5 May 1814 - 1 Aug 1814[/B] Charles, baron de Vincent = Karl Freiherr von Vincent [B](b. 1757 - d. 1834)[/B] (Gouverneur-général militaire de la Belgique et du pays de Liège) [B] 1 Aug 1814 - 12 May 1815[/B] Willem van Oranje-Nassau [B](b. 1772 - d. 1843)[/B] declined to serve in person and designated a Lieutenant: Godert Alexander Gerard Philip, baron van der Capellen, heer van Berkenwoude en Agterbroek [B](b. 1778 - d. 1848)[/B] [B]24 Sep 1830 - 25 Feb 1831[/B] Administrative Commission (from 26 Sep 1830, Provisional Government) - Emmanuel van der Linden, baron d'Hooghvorst [B] (b. 1782 - d. 1866)[/B] (to 12 Nov 1830) - Charles Rogier [B] (b. 1800 - d. 1885)[/B] (signs as chairman on 25 Sep 1830, but never again) - Félix, comte de Mérode [B](b. 1791 - d. 1857)[/B] (from 26 Sep 1830) - Alexandre Gendebien [B] (b. 1789 - d. 1869)[/B] (from 26 Sep 1830) - Sylvain Van de Weyer [B](b. 1802 - d. 1874)[/B] (from 26 Sep 1830) - André Édouard Jolly [B](b. 1799 - d. 1883)[/B] - Feuillen Charles Marie Joseph, baron de Coppin de Falaën [B](b. 1800 - d. 1887)[/B] - Joseph van der Linden [B](b. 1764 - d. 18...)[/B] - Louis de Potter [B](b. 1786 - d. 1859)[/B] (28 Sep - 13 Nov 1830) - Jean Nicolay [B](b. ... - d. 1842)[/B] (25 Sep - 10 Oct 1830) [SIZE="4"]Regent[/SIZE] 25 Feb 1831 - 21 Jul 1831 Érasme Louis, baron Surlet de Chokier [B](b. 1769 - d. 1839)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Kings¹[/SIZE] [SIZE="3"]- Saxe-Cobourg et -Gotha (Wettin) dynasty -[/SIZE] [B]21 Jul 1831 - 10 Dec 1865[/B] Léopold I [B](b. 1790 - d. 1865)[/B] [B]10 Dec 1865 - 17 Dec 1865[/B] Charles Rogier (s.a.) (acting head of state) [B]17 Dec 1865 - 17 Dec 1909[/B] Léopold II [B](b. 1835 - d. 1909)[/B] [B]17 Dec 1909 - 23 Dec 1909[/B] Frans Schollaert [B](b. 1851 - d. 1917)[/B] (acting head of state) [B]23 Dec 1909 - 17 Feb 1934 [/B] Albert I [B](b. 1875 - d. 1934)[/B] [B]26 Aug 1914 - 16 Dec 1914 [/B] Colmar Freiherr von der Goltz [B](b. 1843 - d. 1916)[/B] (governor-general) [B]16 Dec 1914 - 18 Apr 1917[/B] Moritz Ferdinand Freiherr von Bissing (governor-general) [B] (b. 1844 - d. 1917)[/B] [B]17 May 1917 - 11 Nov 1918[/B] Ludwig Freiherr von Falkenhausen [B](b. 1844 - d. 1936)[/B] (governor-general) [B]17 Feb 1934 - 23 Feb 1934 [/B] Charles, comte de Broqueville [B](b. 1860 - d. 1940)[/B] (acting head of state) [B]23 Feb 1934 - 16 Jul 1951[/B] Léopold III [B](b. 1901 - d. 1983)[/B] (German prisoner 28 May 1940 - 8 May 1945; in exile in Switzerland 8 May 1945 - 22 Jul 1950) [B]20 May 1940 - 18 Jul 1944[/B] Alexander von Falkenhausen [B](b. 1878 - d. 1966)[/B] (military governor for occupied Netherlands and Belgium to 29 May 1940, then for Belgium and northern France) [B]18 Jul 1944 - 1944 [/B] Joseph Grohé (Reichskommissar) [B](b. 1902 - d. 1988)[/B] [B]20 Sep 1944 - 20 Jul 1950[/B] Charles (regent) [B](b. 1903 - d. 1983)[/B] [B]11 Aug 1950 - 16 Jul 1951[/B] Baudouin (regent) [B](b. 1930 - d. 1993)[/B] [B]16 Jul 1951 - 17 Jul 1951[/B] Joseph Pholien ([B]b. 1884 - d. 1968)[/B] (acting head of state) [B]17 Jul 1951 - 31 Jul 1993[/B] Baudouin I (s.a.) (declared incapacitated at his own request, 4-5 Apr 1990) [B] 4 Apr 1990 - 5 Apr 1990[/B] Wilfried Martens [B](b. 1936)[/B] (acting head of state) [B]31 Jul 1993 - 9 Aug 1993[/B] Jean-Luc Dehaene [B](b. 1940)[/B] (acting head of state) [B] 9 Aug 1993 - [/B] Albert II [B](b. 1934)[/B] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Prime minister[/SIZE] [B]11 Jan 1790 - 2 Dec 1790[/B] Hendrik van der Noot [B](b. 1731 - d. 1827)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Cabinet chiefs[/SIZE] [B]26 Feb 1831 - 27 Feb 1831[/B] Albert Joseph Goblet d'Alviella (1st time) [COLOR="Magenta"]Lib [/COLOR][COLOR="magenta"][/COLOR] [B](b. 1790 - d. 1873)[/B] [B]27 Feb 1831 - 10 Mar 1831[/B] Étienne Constantin de Gerlache [COLOR="DarkOrange"]Cat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1785 - d. 1871)[/B] [B]10 Mar 1831 - 23 Mar 1831 [/B] Albert Joseph Goblet d'Alviella (2nd time) [COLOR="magenta"]Lib[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]23 Mar 1831 - 3 Aug 1831[/B] Étienne Noël Joseph, chevalier de Sauvage [COLOR="magenta"] Lib [/COLOR] [B](b. 1789 - d. 1867)[/B] [B] 3 Aug 1831 - 12 Nov 1831[/B] Charles Marie de Brouckère (1st time) [COLOR="magenta"]Lib[/COLOR] [B](b. 1796 - d. 1860)[/B] [B]12 Nov 1831 - 26 Mar 1832 [/B] Félix Armand de Mûelenaere [COLOR="magenta"] Lib[/COLOR] [B](b. 1794 - d. 1862)[/B] [B]26 Mar 1832 - 17 Sep 1832[/B] Charles Marie de Brouckère (2nd time) [COLOR="magenta"]Lib[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]17 Sep 1832 - 20 Oct 1832[/B] Albert Joseph Goblet d'Alviella (3rd time) [COLOR="magenta"]Lib[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]20 Oct 1832 - 4 Aug 1834 [/B] Joseph Lebeau (1st time) [COLOR="magenta"]Lib[/COLOR] [B](b. 1794 - d. 1865)[/B] [B] 4 Aug 1834 - 18 Apr 1840 [/B] Barthélemy Théodore, chevalier de Theux de Meylandt (1st time) [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1794 - d. 1874)[/B] [B]18 Apr 1840 - 13 Apr 1841[/B] Joseph Lebeau (2nd time) [COLOR="magenta"]Lib[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]13 Apr 1841 - 30 Jul 1845[/B] Jean Baptiste Nothomb [COLOR="magenta"] Lib[/COLOR] [B](b. 1805 - d. 1881)[/B] [B]30 Jul 1845 - 31 Mar 1846[/B] Sylvain Van de Weyer [COLOR="magenta"]Lib[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]31 Mar 1846 - 12 Aug 1847[/B] Barthélemy Théodore, comte de Theux de Meylandt (2nd time) [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]12 Aug 1847 - 31 Oct 1852[/B] Charles Rogier (1st time) [COLOR="magenta"]Lib[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]31 Oct 1852 - 30 Mar 1855 [/B] Henri de Brouckère [COLOR="magenta"] Lib [/COLOR] [B](b. 1801 - d. 1891)[/B] [B]30 Mar 1855 - 9 Nov 1857 [/B] Pierre Jacques François De Decker [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1812 - d. 1891)[/B] [B] 9 Nov 1857 - 3 Jan 1868[/B] Charles Rogier (2nd time) [COLOR="magenta"]Lib [/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]3 Jan 1868 - 2 Jul 1870[/B] Walthère Frère-Orban (1st time) [COLOR="magenta"] Lib[/COLOR] [B](b. 1812 - d. 1896)[/B] [B] 2 Jul 1870 - 7 Dec 1871[/B] Jules Joseph, baron d'Anethan [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1803 - d. 1888)[/B] [B]7 Dec 1871 - 19 Jun 1878[/B] Jules Malou (1st time) [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1810 - d. 1886)[/B] [B]19 Jun 1878 - 16 Jun 1884[/B] Walthère Frère-Orban (2nd time) [COLOR="magenta"]Lib[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]16 Jun 1884 - 26 Oct 1884[/B] Jules Malou (2nd time) [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]26 Oct 1884 - 26 Mar 1894[/B] Auguste Marie François Beernaert [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1829 - d. 1912)[/B] [B]26 Mar 1894 - 25 Feb 1896[/B] Jules Philippe Marie de Burlet [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1844 - d. 1897)[/B] [B]25 Feb 1896 - 24 Jan 1899[/B] Paul de Smet de Naeyer (1st time) [COLOR="darkorange"] Cat [/COLOR] [B](b. 1843 - d. 1913)[/B] [B]24 Jan 1899 - 5 Aug 1899 [/B] Julius Vandenpeereboom [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1843 - d. 1917)[/B] [B] 5 Aug 1899 - 2 May 1907[/B] Paul de Smet de Naeyer (from 1900, Paul, comte de Smet de Naeyer) (2nd time) [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B] 2 May 1907 - 31 Dec 1907 [/B] Jules de Trooz [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1857 - d. 1907)[/B] [B] 9 Jan 1908 - 17 Jun 1911[/B] Frans Schollaert [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]17 Jun 1911 - 31 May 1918[/B] Charles, baron de Broqueville [COLOR="DarkOrange"]Cat[/COLOR] (s.a.) (from Aug 1914 in France exile) [B]Aug 1914 - Jul 1917 [/B] Maximilian von Sandt [B](b. 1861 - d. 1918)[/B] (chief of civil administration) [B]31 May 1918 - 21 Nov 1918 [/B] Geraard Cooreman [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat [/COLOR] [B](b. 1852 - d. 1926)[/B] [SIZE="4"]Prime ministers[/SIZE] [B]21 Nov 1918 - 20 Nov 1920[/B] Léon Delacroix [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1867 - d. 1929)[/B] [B]20 Nov 1920 - 16 Dec 1921[/B] Henri Carton de Wiart [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1869 - d. 1951)[/B] [B]16 Dec 1921 - 13 May 1925[/B] Georges Theunis (1st time) [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1873 - d. 1966)[/B] [B]13 May 1925 - 17 Jun 1925 [/B] Aloys van de Vyvere [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1871 - d. 1961)[/B] [B]17 Jun 1925 - 20 May 1926[/B] Prosper, vicomte Poullet [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1868 - d. 1937)[/B] [B]20 May 1926 - 6 Jun 1931[/B] Henri Jaspar [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1870 - d. 1939)[/B] [B] 6 Jun 1931 - 22 Oct 1932[/B] Jules Renkin [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat [/COLOR] [B](b. 1862 - d. 1934)[/B] [B]22 Oct 1932 - 20 Nov 1934[/B] Charles, comte de Broqueville [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]20 Nov 1934 - 25 Mar 1935[/B] Georges Theunis (2nd time) [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat [/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]25 Mar 1935 - 24 Nov 1937[/B] Paul van Zeeland [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat [/COLOR] [B](b. 1893 - d. 1973)[/B] [B]24 Nov 1937 - 15 May 1938[/B] Paul Emile Janson [COLOR="magenta"]Lib[/COLOR] [B](b. 1872 - d. 1944)[/B] [B]15 May 1938 - 20 Feb 1939 [/B] Paul-Henri Spaak (1st time) [COLOR="RoyalBlue"]Soc[/COLOR] [B](b. 1899 - d. 1972)[/B] [B]22 Feb 1939 - 12 Feb 1945 [/B] Hubert Pierlot [COLOR="darkorange"]Cat[/COLOR] [B](b. 1883 - d. 1963)[/B] (25 May 1940 - 8 Sep 1944 in exile [first in France, from 25 Oct 1940 in London]) [B]12 Feb 1945 - 13 Mar 1946[/B] Achille Van Acker (1st time) [COLOR="RoyalBlue"]Soc [/COLOR] [B](b. 1898 - d. 1975)[/B] [B]13 Mar 1946 - 31 Mar 1946 [/B] Paul-Henri Spaak (2nd time) [COLOR="RoyalBlue"]Soc[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]31 Mar 1946 - 3 Aug 1946 [/B] Achille Van Acker (2nd time) [COLOR="RoyalBlue"]Soc[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B] 3 Aug 1946 - 20 Mar 1947 [/B] Camille Huysmans [COLOR="RoyalBlue"]Soc[/COLOR] [B](b. 1871 - d. 1968)[/B] [B]20 Mar 1947 - 11 Aug 1949 [/B] Paul-Henri Spaak (3rd time) [COLOR="RoyalBlue"]Soc[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]11 Aug 1949 - 8 Jun 1950 [/B] Gaston Eyskens (1st time) [COLOR="DarkRed"]S-C[/COLOR] [B](b. 1905 - d. 1988)[/B] [B] 8 Jun 1950 - 15 Aug 1950 [/B] Jean Duvieusart [COLOR="darkred"]S-C[/COLOR] [B](b. 1900 - d. 1977)[/B] [B]15 Aug 1950 - 15 Jan 1952[/B] Joseph Pholien [COLOR="darkred"]S-C[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]15 Jan 1952 - 23 Apr 1954 [/B] Jean Van Houtte [COLOR="DarkRed"] S-C [/COLOR] [B](b. 1907 - d. 1991)[/B] [B]23 Apr 1954 - 26 Jun 1958[/B] Achille Van Acker (3rd time) [COLOR="RoyalBlue"]Soc[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]26 Jun 1958 - 25 Apr 1961[/B] Gaston Eyskens (2nd time) [COLOR="darkred"]S-C [/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]25 Apr 1961 - 28 Jul 1965[/B] Théo Lefèvre [COLOR="darkred"]S-C[/COLOR] [B](b. 1914 - d. 1973)[/B] [B]28 Jul 1965 - 19 Mar 1966[/B] Pierre Harmel [COLOR="darkred"]S-C[/COLOR] [B](b. 1911)[/B] [B]19 Mar 1966 - 17 Jun 1968[/B] Paul Vanden Boeynants (1st time) [COLOR="DarkRed"]S-C[/COLOR] (b. 1919 - d. 2001) [B]17 Jun 1968 - 26 Jan 1973 [/B] Gaston Eyskens (3rd time) [COLOR="darkorchid"]CVP[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]26 Jan 1973 - 25 Apr 1974 [/B] Edmond Leburton [COLOR="RoyalBlue"]Soc[/COLOR] [B](b. 1915 - d. 1997)[/B] [B]25 Apr 1974 - 20 Oct 1978 [/B] Léo Tindemans [COLOR="darkorchid"]CVP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1922)[/B] [B]20 Oct 1978 - 3 Apr 1979 [/B] Paul Vanden Boeynants (2nd time) [COLOR="darkorchid"]CVP[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B] 3 Apr 1979 - 6 Apr 1981[/B] Wilfried Martens (1st time) [COLOR="DarkOrchid"]CVP[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B] 6 Apr 1981 - 17 Dec 1981[/B] Mark Eyskens [COLOR="darkorchid"]CVP[/COLOR] [B](b. 1933)[/B] [B]17 Dec 1981 - 7 Mar 1992[/B] Wilfried Martens (2nd time) [COLOR="darkorchid"]CVP [/COLOR] (s.a.) [B] 7 Mar 1992 - 12 Jul 1999 [/B] Jean-Luc Dehaene [COLOR="DarkOrchid"]CVP[/COLOR] (s.a.) [B]12 Jul 1999 - 20 Mar 2008[/B] Guy Verhofstadt [COLOR="MediumTurquoise"]VLD[/COLOR] [B](b. 1953)[/B] [B]20 Mar 2008 - 30 Dec 2008 [/B] Yves Leterme [COLOR="green"]CD&V[/COLOR] [B](b. 1960)[/B] [B]30 Dec 2008 - [/B] Herman Van Rompuy [COLOR="Green"]CD&V[/COLOR] [B](b. 1947)[/B] [COLOR="Red"]Party abbreviations: [/COLOR][COLOR="DarkOrange"]Cat[/COLOR]=Catholic, [COLOR="Green"]CD&V[/COLOR]=Christian Democratic and Flemish, [COLOR="DarkOrchid"]CVP[/COLOR]=Christian People's Party, [COLOR="Magenta"]Lib[/COLOR]=Liberal, [COLOR="Navy"]Soc[/COLOR]=Socialist, [COLOR="DarkRed"]S-C[/COLOR]=Social-Christian, [COLOR="MediumTurquoise"]VLD[/COLOR]=Flemish Liberals and Democrats-Citizens Party [COLOR="DarkOliveGreen"]¹Title Roi des Belges (French); Koning der Belgen (Dutch); König der Belgier (German) ("king of the Belgians"). Under the constitution of the Kingdom of Belgium there was initially no official language, but French was legally authoritative; French and Dutch became official jointly from 8 Aug 1898, joined by German from 23 Oct 1991. [/COLOR] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Bouillon[/SIZE] [B]25 Oct 1795 [/B] annexed to France [B]30 May 1814 - 1 Jan 1815[/B] Allied administration (see Belgium, above) [B]Mar 1815 [/B] French occupation [B]22 Jul 1815 [/B] part of Luxembourg [B] 1831 [/B] part of Belgium [SIZE="4"]Dukes[/SIZE] [SIZE="3"]- La Tour d'Auvergne dynasty -[/SIZE] [B]31 Jan 1696 - 16 May 1730[/B] Emmanuel-Théodose [B](b. 1668 - d. 1730)[/B] [B]16 May 1730 - 24 Oct 1771 [/B] Charles-Godefroy [B](b. 1706 - d. 1771)[/B] [B]24 Oct 1771 - 3 Dec 1792[/B] Godefroy-Charles-Henri [B](b. 1728 - d. 1792)[/B] [B] 3 Dec 1792 - 24 Apr 1794 [/B] Jacques-Léopold-Charles-Godefroy [B](b. 1746 - d. 1802)[/B] [B]24 Apr 1794 - 25 Oct 1795 [/B] Committee of Execution - Claude-Pierre Jobard - Remacle Poncelet - François-Gérard Pirson - Pierre Castilhon - Rénéaume-Latache - Dominique Millard - Jean-Joseph Nannan [B] 1 Jan 1815 - Mar 1815 [/B] Philippe [B](b. 1754 - d. 1816)[/B] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Liège[/SIZE] [B] 343[/B] traditional date of founding of the bishopric of Liège [B] 14 Apr 972[/B] the bishop becomes a prince of the Reich, an immediate vassal of the king [B]28 Nov 1792 - 4 Mar 1793 [/B] occupied by France [B] 8 May 1793 [/B] the French National Convention decrees the incorporation of Liège into France (ineffective at the time) [B]27 Jul 1794 [/B] occupied by France, and treated as if incorporated, together with the Belgian provinces [B] 1 Oct 1795 [/B] formal annexation to France; thereafter Liège undergoes the same developments as the rest of Belgium [SIZE="4"]Prince-bishops (title Prince-évêque de Liège, comte de Looz, marquis de Franchimont, etc.)[/SIZE] [B]25 Oct 1694 - 12 Nov 1723 [/B] Joseph-Clément, duc de Bavière [B] (b. 1671 - d. 1723)[/B] [B] 7 Dec 1724 - 5 Dec 1743[/B] Georges II Louis de Berghes [B](b. 1662 - d. 1743)[/B] [B]10 Mar 1744 - 27 Jan 1763[/B] Jean XI Théodore, duc de Bavière [B](b. 1703 - d. 1763)[/B] [B]8 Apr 1763 - 22 Oct 1771[/B] Charles-Nicolas-Alexandre, comte d'Oultremont [B](b. 1716 - d. 1771)[/B] [B]14 Mar 1772 - 30 Apr 1784[/B] François-Charles, comte de Vellbrueck [B](b. 1719 - d. 1784)[/B] [B]15 Aug 1784 - 13 Sep 1790[/B] César-Constantin-François, comte de Hoensbroek (1st time) [B](b. 1724 - d. 1792)[/B] [B]13 Sep 1790 - 10 Jan 1791[/B] Ferdinand-Maximilien Mériadec de Rohan, prince de Guémenée, archevêque de Cambrai (regent) [B](b. 1738 - d. 1813)[/B] [B]11 Jan 1791 - 3 Jun 1792 [/B] César-Constantin-François, comte de Hoensbroek (2nd time) (s.a.) [B] 3 Jun 1792 - 16 Aug 1792[/B] Alexandre-Constantin-Joseph de Nassau, comte de Corroy [B](b. 1738 - d. 1804)[/B] (Grand Dean of the Cathedral Chapter) [B]16 Aug 1792 - 28 Nov 1792[/B] François-Antoine-Marie-Constantin, comte de Méan et de Beaurieux (1st time) [B] (b. 1756 - d. 1817)[/B] [B]5 Mar 1793 - 21 Apr 1793[/B] Friedrich Josias, Prinz von und zu Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld [B](b. 1737 - d. 1815)[/B] (imperial administrator) [B]21 Apr 1793 - 20 Jul 1794[/B] François-Antoine-Marie-Constantin, comte de Méan et de Beaurieux (2nd time) (s.a.) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Limburg[/SIZE] [B]1106[/B] Duchy of Limburg [B]10 Dec 1703[/B] the Austrian Habsburg rulers become Dukes of [SIZE="4"]Limburg[/SIZE] [B]11 Jan 1790 - 2 Dec 1790[/B] part of the United Belgian States [B]15 Dec 1792[/B] annexed to France [B]28 Apr 1793 [/B] Habsburg rule restored [B] 1 Oct 1795 [/B] annexed to France (Ourthe département) [B]15 Feb 1814[/B] part of the "Belgian" Netherlands (province of Liège) [B] 4 Oct 1830 [/B] part of Belgium (province of Liège) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Neutral Moresnet[/SIZE] [B]26 Jun 1816 [/B] part of Moresnet, claimed by both The Netherlands and Prussia, is "temporarily neutralized" and put under a common administration [B]1830 [/B] Belgium replaces Netherlands as claimant and [SIZE="4"]administrator[/SIZE] [B]27 Jun 1915 [/B] administration by Prussia only [B]Nov 1918 [/B] administration by Belgium only [B]10 Jan 1920 [/B] annexed to Belgium [SIZE="4"]Netherlands royal commissioners[/SIZE] 8 Dec 1817 - 2 Dec 1823 Werner Jacob 2 Dec 1823 - 1830 Joseph Brandès [SIZE="4"]Belgian royal commissioners[/SIZE] [B] 8 Jun 1835 - 1840[/B] Lambert Ernst [B](b. 1798 - d. 1871)[/B] [B] 1 Feb 1840 - 1889[/B] Mathieu Crémer [B](b. 1805 - d. 1889)[/B] [B]30 Nov 1889 - 27 Mar 1915[/B] Fernand Jacques Bleyfuesz (1st time) [B](b. 1858 - d. 1935)[/B] [B]27 Mar 1915 - 27 Jun 1915[/B] Bayer (acting) [B]Nov 1918 - 10 Jan 1920 [/B] Fernand Jacques Bleyfuesz (2nd time) (s.a.) [SIZE="4"]Prussian royal commissioners[/SIZE] [B]6 Aug 1817 - 1819[/B] Wilhelm Hardt [B]22 Apr 1819 - Mar 1836[/B] Johann Martin Daniel Mayer [B](b. ... - d. 1836)[/B] [B] 9 Jul 1836 - 9 Nov 1853[/B] Heinrich Martins [B]11 Aug 1852 - 7 Jan 1866[/B] Amand Pierre von Harenne [B](b. 1813 - d. 1866)[/B] (head of police administration to 16 Jan 1854) 12 Dec 1866 - 10 Jul 1867 August Freiherr von der Heydt [B](b. 1825 - d. 1867)[/B] [B]1868 - 1871[/B] Edward Gülcher [B](b. 18... - d. 1871)[/B] [B]18 Jun 1871 - 1893[/B] Alfred Theodor Sternickel [B](b. 18... - d. 1894)[/B] [B]18 Apr 1893 - 1 Jan 1909[/B] Alfred Gülcher [B]13 Jan 1909 - 1913[/B] Walter The Losen [B] 2 Nov 1913 - Nov 1918[/B] Spiess (acting) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SIZE="4"]Mayors[/SIZE] [B]1817 - 21 Feb 1859[/B] Arnold Timothée de Lasaulx [B](b. 1774 - d. 1861)[/B] (acting) [B]21 Feb 1859 - 30 May 1859[/B] Adolf Hubert van Scherpenzeel-Thim [B](b. 1824 - d. ...)[/B] [B]1 Jul 1859 - 3 Feb 1882[/B] Joseph Kohl [B]3 Feb 1882 - 20 Jun 1885[/B] ... [B]20 Jun 1885 - 15 Mar 1915[/B] Hubert Schmetz [B](b. 18... - d. 1915)[/B] [B]29 Mar 1915 - 7 Dec 1918[/B] Wilhelm Kyll [B]7 Dec 1918 - 10 Jan 1920[/B] Pierre Grignard |
| 07:54 PM (GMT +5) |
vBulletin, Copyright ©2000 - 2024, Jelsoft Enterprises Ltd.