(12) Corruption in Pakistan: Mother of all Evils

1. Introduction:
2. Historical Background:
- Colonial period.
- WW II and Partition huge defense money.
- Nationalization policy.
- Proxy wars.
3. Current Scenario:
- Loss in National exchequer.
- Ranking by transparency international.
- Tax to GDP ratio.
4. Causes:

- Absence of culture of accountability:
- Incompetent Judiciary:
- Highly centralized Economic system:
- Absence of rule of law:
- Punctuated constitutional supremacy:
- High inflation and food prices:
- Meager Salaries of Govt. Servants:
- Capitalist class competition:
- Materialistic approach and evasion of religious and Ethnic values:
- Incompetent Bureaucracy:
- Tax Evasion:
- Culture of writing off loans:
- Poor Governance:
- Non-Disclosure of Information:
- Nepotism and Favoritism:
- Feudalism:
5. Impacts:
- Loss of development by eating up funds in commission.
- Impediment in FDI.
- More foreign aid and loans leading to dependence.
- Election rigging.
- Fake degrees.
- Deteriorated International image:
- Increase in crimes:
- Undermines poverty alleviation:
- It undermines democracy:
- Hinders good governance:
- Hampers Economic growth:
- Violate Human Rights:
- Impedes FDI:
- Enhances operating cost government:
- Scuttles level of Revenue:
- Reduces the resources available for Social programs:
6. Remedies:
- True Leadership:
- Active NAB.
- Strong punishment.
- Anti-bribery courts.
- Free judiciary.
- Free media.
- Imparting Islamic values.
- Ethical counseling through Education:
- Ensuring meritocracy instead of red tapism:
- Increased Salaries and Employment opportunities:
- Punishment:
- Transparency:
- Role of Media:
- Accountability at all levels, no sacred cows:
- Fair use of power and authority.
- Rule of Law in letter and sprit:
- Legislation:
- Renovation and Reformation:

7. Conclusion: