Austria
11 Aug 1804 Kaisertum Österreich¹
21 Dec 1867 "Austrian half" of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy,
officially styled Die im Reichsrat vertretenen
Königreiche und Länder ("The Kingdoms and Lands
Represented in the Imperial Council")
1916 first official use of the style Empire of Austria
12 Nov 1918 Republic of German-Austria
21 Oct 1919 Republic of Austria
1 Jul 1934 Federal State of Austria
13 Mar 1938 annexed by Germany as a state, which is dissolved
into Reichsgaue 1 May 1939
27 Apr 1945 Republic of Austria
Emperors²
- Habsburg-Lothringen dynasty -
11 Aug 1804 - 2 Mar 1835 Franz I
(b. 1768 - d. 1835)
2 Mar 1835 - 2 Dec 1848 Ferdinand I
(b. 1793 - d. 1875)
2 Dec 1848 - 21 Nov 1916 Franz Joseph I
(b. 1830 - d. 1916)
21 Nov 1916 - 11 Nov 1918 Karl I
(b. 1887 - d. 1922)
Presidents
12 Nov 1918 - 4 Mar 1919 Directory of the Council of State
- Franz Dinghofer
GV (b. 1873 - d. 1956)
- Johann Nepomuk Hauser
CS (b. 1866 - d. 1927)
- Karl Seitz
SDAP (b. 1869 - d. 1950)
(chair rotating weekly)
5 Mar 1919 - 9 Dec 1920 Karl Seitz
SDAP (s.a.)
(president of the Constituent National Assembly
to 10 Nov 1920, then acting president)
9 Dec 1920 - 10 Dec 1928 Michael Hainisch -
(b. 1858 - d. 1940)
10 Dec 1928 - 13 Mar 1938 Wilhelm Miklas
CS (b. 1872 - d. 1956)
29 Apr 1945 - 31 Dec 1950 Karl Renner
SPÖ (b. 1870 - d. 1950)
(acting to 20 Dec 1945)
31 Dec 1950 - 21 Jun 1951 Leopold Figl (acting)
ÖVP (b. 1902 - d. 1965)
21 Jun 1951 - 4 Jan 1957 Theodor Körner
SPÖ (b. 1873 - d. 1957)
4 Jan 1957 - 21 May 1957 Julius Raab (acting)
ÖVP (b. 1891 - d. 1964)
22 May 1957 - 28 Feb 1965 Adolf Schärf
SPÖ (b. 1890 - d. 1965)
28 Feb 1965 - 9 Jun 1965 Josef Klaus (acting)
ÖVP (b. 1910 - d. 2001)
9 Jun 1965 - 24 Apr 1974 Franz Jonas
SPÖ (b. 1899 - d. 1974)
24 Apr 1974 - 8 Jul 1974 Bruno Kreisky (acting)
SPÖ (b. 1911 - d. 1990)
8 Jul 1974 - 8 Jul 1986 Rudolf Kirchschläger -
(b. 1915 - d. 2000)
8 Jul 1986 - 8 Jul 1992 Kurt Waldheim -
(b. 1918 - d. 2007)
8 Jul 1992 - 6 Jul 2004 Thomas Klestil
ÖVP (b. 1932 - d. 2004)
6 Jul 2004 - 8 Jul 2004 Andreas Khol (acting)
ÖVP (b. 1941)
8 Jul 2004 - Heinz Fischer
SPÖ (b. 1938)
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Chancellor
25 May 1821 - 13 Mar 1848 Klemens Fürst von Metternich
(b. 1773 - d. 1859)
Prime ministers
20 Mar 1848 - 19 Apr 1848 Franz Anton Graf von Kolowrat
(b. 1778 - d. 1861)
19 Apr 1848 - 19 May 1848 Karl Ludwig Graf von Ficquelmont
(b. 1777 - d. 1857)
(acting)
19 May 1848 - 8 Jul 1848 Franz Freiherr von Pillersdorf
(b. 1786 - d. 1862)
(acting)
8 Jul 1848 - 18 Jul 1848 Anton Freiherr von Doblhoff-Dier
(b. 1800 - d. 1872)
(acting)
18 Jul 1848 - 21 Nov 1848 Johann Freiherr von
Wessenberg-Ampringen
(b. 1773 - d. 1858)
21 Nov 1848 - 5 Apr 1852 Felix Fürst zu Schwarzenberg
(b. 1800 - d. 1852)
11 Apr 1852 - 21 Aug 1859 Karl Ferdinand Graf von
Buol-Schauenstein
(b. 1797 - d. 1865)
21 Aug 1859 - 4 Feb 1861 Johann Bernhard Graf von Rechberg
und Rothenlöwen
(b. 1806 - d. 1899)
4 Feb 1861 - 26 Jun 1865 Rainer, Erzherzog von Österreich
(b. 1827 - d. 1913)
26 Jun 1865 - 27 Jul 1865 Alexander Graf von
Mensdorff-Pouilly
(b. 1813 - d. 1871)
27 Jul 1865 - 7 Feb 1867 Richard Graf von Belcredi
(b. 1823 - d. 1902)
7 Feb 1867 - 30 Dec 1867 Ferdinand Freiherr von Beust
(b. 1809 - d. 1886)
30 Dec 1867 - 24 Sep 1868 Karl Fürst von Auersperg, Herzog
von Gottschee
(b. 1814 - d. 1890)
24 Sep 1868 - 15 Jan 1870 Eduard Graf Taaffe (1st time)
(b. 1833 - d. 1895)
15 Jan 1870 - 1 Feb 1870 Ignaz Edler von Plener
(b. 1810 - d. 1908)
1 Feb 1870 - 12 Apr 1870 Leopold Ritter Hasner von Artha
(b. 1818 - d. 1891)
12 Apr 1870 - 6 Feb 1871 Alfred Graf von Potocki-Pilawa
(b. 1822 - d. 1889)
6 Feb 1871 - 30 Oct 1871 Karl Siegmund Graf von Hohenwart
(b. 1824 - d. 1899)
(acting)
30 Oct 1871 - 25 Nov 1871 Ludwig Freiherr von Holzgethan
(b. 1810 - d. 1876)
(acting)
25 Nov 1871 - 15 Feb 1879 Adolf Wilhelm Daniel Fürst von
Auersperg
(b. 1821 - d. 1885)
15 Feb 1879 - 12 Aug 1879 Karl von Stremayr (acting)
(b. 1823 - d. 1904)
12 Aug 1879 - 11 Nov 1893 Eduard Graf Taaffe (2nd time) (s.a.)
11 Nov 1893 - 19 Jun 1895 Alfred August Fürst zu
Windischgrätz
(b. 1851 - d. 1927)
19 Jun 1895 - 30 Sep 1895 Erich Graf von Kielmansegg
(b. 1847 - d. 1923)
30 Sep 1895 - 30 Nov 1897 Kasimir Felix Graf von Badeni
(b. 1846 - d. 1909)
30 Nov 1897 - 5 Mar 1898 Paul Freiherr Gautsch von
Frankenthurn (1st time)
(b. 1851 - d. 1918)
5 Mar 1898 - 2 Oct 1899 Franz Graf von Thun und
Hohenstein
(b. 1847 - d. 1916)
2 Oct 1899 - 21 Dec 1899 Manfred Graf von Clary und
Aldringen
(b. 1852 - d. 1928)
21 Dec 1899 - 18 Jan 1900 Heinrich Ritter von Wittek
(b. 1844 - d. 1930)
(acting)
19 Jan 1900 - 31 Dec 1904 Ernest von Koerber (1st time)
(b. 1850 - d. 1919)
31 Dec 1904 - 2 May 1906 Paul Freiherr Gautsch von
Frankenthurn (2nd time) (s.a.)
2 May 1906 - 2 Jun 1906 Konrad Prinz zu Hohenlohe-
Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst
(b. 1863 - d. 1918)
2 Jun 1906 - 15 Nov 1908 Max Wladimir Freiherr von Beck
(b. 1854 - d. 1943)
15 Nov 1908 - 28 Jun 1911 Richard Freiherr von
Bienerth-Schmerling
(b. 1863 - d. 1918)
28 Jun 1911 - 3 Nov 1911 Paul Freiherr Gautsch von
Frankenthurn (3rd time) (s.a.)
3 Nov 1911 - 21 Oct 1916 Karl Reichsgraf von Stürgkh
(b. 1859 - d. 1916)
31 Oct 1916 - 20 Dec 1916 Ernest von Koerber (2nd time) (s.a.)
20 Dec 1916 - 23 Jun 1917 Heinrich Graf Clam-Martinic
(b. 1863 - d. 1932)
23 Jun 1917 - 27 Jul 1918 Ernst Ritter Seidler von
Feuchtenegg
(b. 1862 - d. 1931)
27 Jul 1918 - 27 Oct 1918 Max Freiherr Hussarek von Heinlein
(b. 1865 - d. 1935)
27 Oct 1918 - 11 Nov 1918 Heinrich Lammasch
(b. 1853 - d. 1920)
Chancellors
12 Nov 1918 - 7 Jul 1920 Karl Renner (1st time)
SDAP (s.a.)
7 Jul 1920 - 21 Jun 1921 Michael Mayr
CS (b. 1864 - d. 1922)
21 Jun 1921 - 26 Jan 1922 Johann Schober (1st time) -
(b. 1874 - d. 1932)
26 Jan 1922 - 27 Jan 1922 Walter Breisky -
(b. 1871 - d. 1944)
27 Jan 1922 - 31 May 1922 Johann Schober (2nd time) - (s.a.)
31 May 1922 - 20 Nov 1924 Ignaz Seipel (1st time)
CS (b. 1876 - d. 1932)
20 Nov 1924 - 20 Oct 1926 Rudolf Ramek
CS (b. 1881 - d. 1941)
20 Oct 1926 - 4 May 1929 Ignaz Seipel (2nd time)
CS (s.a.)
4 May 1929 - 26 Sep 1929 Ernst Streeruwitz
CS (b. 1874 - d. 1952)
26 Sep 1929 - 30 Sep 1930 Johann Schober (3rd time) - (s.a.)
30 Sep 1930 - 4 Dec 1930 Carl Vaugoin
CS (b. 1873 - d. 1949)
4 Dec 1930 - 20 Jun 1931 Otto Ender
CS (b. 1875 - d. 1960)
20 Jun 1931 - 20 May 1932 Karl Buresch
CS (b. 1878 - d. 1936)
20 May 1932 - 25 Jul 1934 Engelbert Dollfuss
CS;
1934:
VF (b. 1892 - d. 1934)
25 Jul 1934 - 26 Jul 1934 Kurt Schuschnigg (1st time)
VF (b. 1897 - d. 1977)
(acting)
26 Jul 1934 - 29 Jul 1934 Ernst Rüdiger Starhemberg
VF (b. 1899 - d. 1956)
(acting)
29 Jul 1934 - 12 Mar 1938 Kurt Schuschnigg (2nd time)
VF (s.a.)
12 Mar 1938 - 13 Mar 1938 Arthur Seyss-Inquart
NS (b. 1892 - d. 1946)
(Reichsstatthalter 13 Mar 1938 - 30 Apr 1939)
23 Apr 1938 - 31 Mar 1940 Josef Bürckel
NS (b. 1895 - d. 1944)
(Reichskommissar für die Wiedervereinigung Österreichs
mit dem Deutschen Reich)
29 Apr 1945 - 20 Dec 1945 Karl Renner (2nd time)
SPÖ (s.a.)
20 Dec 1945 - 2 Apr 1953 Leopold Figl
ÖVP (s.a.)
2 Apr 1953 - 11 Apr 1961 Julius Raab
ÖVP (s.a.)
11 Apr 1961 - 2 Apr 1964 Alfons Gorbach
ÖVP (b. 1898 - d. 1972)
2 Apr 1964 - 21 Apr 1970 Josef Klaus
ÖVP (s.a.)
21 Apr 1970 - 24 May 1983 Bruno Kreisky
SPÖ (s.a.)
24 May 1983 - 16 Jun 1986 Fred Sinowatz
SPÖ (b. 1929 - d. 2008)
16 Jun 1986 - 28 Jan 1997 Franz Vranitzky
SPÖ (b. 1937)
28 Jan 1997 - 4 Feb 2000 Viktor Klima
SPÖ (b. 1947)
4 Feb 2000 - 11 Jan 2007 Wolfgang Schüssel
ÖVP (b. 1945)
11 Jan 2007 - 2 Dec 2008 Alfred Gusenbauer
SPÖ (b. 1960)
2 Dec 2008 - Werner Faymann
SPÖ (b. 1960)
Party abbreviations: CS=Christian Social Party,
GV=Greater German People's Party,
NS=National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP),
ÖVP=Austrian People's Party,
SDAP=Social Democratic Workers' Party,
SPÖ=Socialist Party of Austria (from 15 Jun 1991, Social Democratic Party of Austria),
VF=Patriotic Front
Allied occupation
U.S. zone
High commissioners
5 Jul 1945 - 16 May 1947 Mark W. Clark
(b. 1896 - d. 1984)
17 May 1947 - 19 Sep 1950 Geoffrey Keyes
(b. 1888 - d. 1967)
20 Sep 1950 - 17 Jul 1952 Walter J. Donnelly
(b. 1896 - d. 1970)
17 Jul 1952 - 27 Jul 1955 Llewellyn E. Thompson, Jr.
(b. 1904 - d. 1972)
British zone
High commissioners
Jul 1945 - 1946 Sir Richard McCreery
(b. 1898 - d. 1967)
1946 - Oct 1947 Sir James Stuart Steele
(b. 1894 - d. 1975)
Oct 1947 - 1 Jan 1950 Sir Alexander Galloway
(b. 1899 - d. 1977)
1 Jan 1950 - 1 Aug 1950 Sir John Winterton
(b. 1898 - d. 1987)
1 Aug 1950 - 5 Feb 1954 Sir Harold Caccia
(b. 1905 - d. 1990)
5 Feb 1954 - 27 Jul 1955 Sir Geoffrey Wallinger
(b. 1903 - d. 1979)
French zone
High commissioners
8 Jul 1945 - 29 Jun 1950 Antoine Béthouart
(b. 1889 - d. 1982)
29 Jun 1950 - 27 Jul 1955 Jean Payart
(b. 1892 - d. 1969)
Soviet zone
High commissioners
Jul 1945 - 1946 Ivan Konev
(b. 1897 - d. 1973)
1946 - May 1949 Vladimir Kurasov
(b. 1897 - d. 1973)
May 1949 - 7 Jun 1953 Vladimir Sviridov
(b. 1898 - d. 1963)
7 Jun 1953 - 27 Jul 1955 Ivan Ilichev
(b. 1905 - d. 1983)
¹The word Kaisertum was deliberately chosen not to imply Kaiserreich Österreich (Empire of Austria). The term had no constitutional status before 25 Apr 1848, and had dynastic rather than territorial import: it was intended to encompass all the hereditary possessions of the Haus Österreich, and was so defined in the Constitution of 7 Mar 1849; in the Constitution of 25 Apr 1848 it was similarly used, but excluded the "Hungarian" and "Lombardo-Venetian" possessions.
²Full official style of the ruler, including effective and titular titles, in a typical form of 1918 (variants occur): Von Gottes Gnaden Kaiser von Österreich, Apostolischer König von Ungarn, König von Böhmen, Dalmatien, Kroatien, Slavonien und Galizien, Lodomerien und Illyrien, König von Jerusalem, etc.; Erzherzog von Österreich, Grossherzog von Toskana und Krakau, Herzog von Lothringen und von Salzburg, von Steiermark, von Kärnten, Krain und der Bukovina; Grossfürst von Siebenbürgen; Markgraf von Mähren; Herzog von Ober- und Niederschlesien, von Modena, Parma, Piacenza und Guastalla, von Auschwitz und Zator, von Teschen, Friaul, Ragusa und Zara; Gefürsteter Graf von Habsburg und Tyrol, von Kyburg, Görz und Gradisca; Fürst von Trient und von Brixen; Markgraf von Ober- und Niederlausitz und in Istrien; Graf von Hohenembs, Feldkirch, Bregenz, Sonnenberg etc.; Herr von Triest, von Cattaro und auf der Windischen Mark; Grosswojwod der Wojwodschaft Serbien, etc.; Kaiserliche und Apostolische Majestät ("By the grace of God, Emperor of Austria, Apostolic King of Hungary, King of Bohemia, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia, and Galitzia, Lodomeria and Illyria, King of Jerusalem, etc.; Archduke of Austria, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Cracow, Duke of Lorraine and of Salzburg, of Styria, of Carinthia, Carniola and the Bukovina; Grand Prince of Transylvania; Margrave of Moravia; Duke of Upper and Lower Silesia, of Modena, Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla, of Auschwitz [Oswiecim] and Zator, of Teschen [Czeszyn], Friuli, Ragusa [Dubrovnik] and Zara [Zadar]; Princely Count of Habsburg and Tyrol, of Kyburg, Gorizia and Gradisca; Prince of Trent [Trento] and Brixen [Bressanone]; Margrave of Upper and Lower Lusatia and in Istria; Count of Hohenembs, Feldkirch, Bregenz, Sonnenberg, etc.; Lord of Trieste, of Cattaro [Kotor], and in the Wendish Mark; Grand Voivode of the Voivodina of Serbia, etc.; Imperial and Apostolic Majesty").