(Marks: 100)

This part of the course relates to the traits of political thought as presented historically by the Western and Muslim philosophers.

1. Western Political Thought: Plato; Aristotle; Machiavelli; Hobbes; Locke; Rousseau; Marxism; Leninism; Maoism

2. Muslim Political Thought: AI-Farabi; AI-Mawardi; AI-Ghazali; Tusi; Ibn-e-Khaldoon; Allama Iqbal

The Institution of State and its attributes for human welfare have been highlighted here.

3. Welfare State Perceptions: Western and Islamic

4. Basic Concepts: Sovereignty; Constitutionalism; Power Distribution; Law; Liberty; Equality; Rights and Duties

5. Modes of Participation: Demands; Decisions; Public Opinion;Political Parties; Pressure Groups; Representation

6. Institutions and Leadership:
i) Legislature; Executive; Judiciary
ii) Competing Elites: Political; Military; Bureaucratic

7. Forms of Government: Monarchy; Democracy; Dictatorship; Unitary; Federation; Confederation; Parliamentary; Presidential; Authoritarian


Total Marks: 100

Taking contemporary state as a dynamic phenomenon, having its own system structures and assigned functions, a comparative analysis of some outstanding developed and developing state systems is made here. The emphasis is equally on Pakistan as an emerging political system of the world.


8. Concept of Political System:

i) Easton on Behaviorism
ii) Almond on Functionalism

9. Developed Political Systems:

Main constitutional features of USA, UK, France and former USSR

10. Developing Political Systems:

Main constitutional features of Turkey, India and China.



11. Pakistan as a Nation-State: Rise of Muslim Nationalism in South Asia under the dynamic leaderships of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, Allama Iqbal and Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah

12. Political System of Pakistan: Comparative and critical analysis of the Constitutions of 1956, 1962 and 1973 (with amendments)


RECOMMENED BOOKS


Part: A Political Theory

1. M.M. Sharif, History of Muslim Philosophy
2. Rosenthal, Political Thought in Medieval Islam
3. Haroon Khan Sherwani, Muslim Political Thought and Administration
4. George H. Sabine, History of Political Thought
5. Judd Harmon, Political Thought: From Plato to Present

Part: B Individual and State

6. Rodee and Anderson, Introduction to Political Science
7. Mazharul Haq, Theory and Practice in Political Science
8. Rosenthal, Modern Islamic State
9. Samuel Beer and Adam Ullam, Patterns of Government
10. V.O. Key, Politics, Parties and Pressure Groups
11. Earnest Barker, Reflections on Government


Part: A Political Systems: Developed and Developing

12. Almond and Powell, Comparative Politics
13. Almond and Coleman, Politics of Developing Areas
14. Roy C. Macridis, Comparative Politics
15. Macridis and Wards, Modern Political Systems (Asia)
16. J. M. Coleman, Political Institutions in Europe
17. P. G. Cocker, Contemporary British Politics and Govt.
18. Thomas Patterson, The American Democracy

Part: B Pakistan

19. Keith Callard, Pakistan: A Political Study
20. Khalid Bin Sayeed, Pakistan: The Formative Phase
21. Khalid Bin Sayeed, Politics in Pakistan
22. Lawrence Ziring, Pakistan in the Twentieth Century
23. G. W. Chaudhry, Constitutional Development in Pakistan
24. Pakistan Historical Society, History of Pakistan
25. Jamil-ud-Din Ahmad, Speeches and Writings of M.A. Jinnah
26. M. Saeed Sheikh, Allama Iqbal: The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam
27. Mushtaq Ahmad, Government and Politics in Pakistan

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