2: Adaptations:[COLOR="Black"] Living organisms gradually modify themselves and re-adjust in response to changing environment. This process of gradual re-adjustment in response to changing environment is called evolution.[/COLOR]It is based on repeated arrangement of existing genes and sudden alterations in genes at the time of sexual reproduction as well as on natural selection. The end result of evolution is expressed in suitable adaptations. These adaptations are
1: Morphological adaptations
2: Physiological adaptations
3: Behavioral adaptations

Some examples of these adaptations are as follows.
Morphological Adaptations:
(1) Extra ordinary thick bark of chilpine stem which protects it from fires
(2) Thrones on the branches of kikar which protects its branches from browsing.
(3) Absence of green leaves in karir and in Farash which reduce loss of plant water through transpiration. Green slender branches function as leaves.

Physiological Adaptation:
(1) Remarkable drought tolerance of Jhand , Van etc
(2) Tolerance of excessive salt by salt bushes Sufaida, Farash etc.
(3) Production of toxic chemicals by roots of Walnut which weaken and ultimately kill the roots of neighbouring plants.


Behavioural Adaptations:
(1) Folding of leaves of Siris at night to furthur cut down transpiratory losses.
(2) Mass flowing of bamboos only after every 15-20 years whenever conditions are optimum.
(3) Coppicing capability of Toot, Sufaida and Shisham which allows them quick recovery against a fatal mechanical injury or browsing or fire.
(4) Shade tolerance of toot which allows it self to grow under the high shade of Shisham.
(5) Bird migration is also a behavioral adaptation.

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