Note: Attempt in English language only. Attempt any FIVE questions from the following. All questions carry equal marks.

Q.1. Are public organizations different from business organizations? Please answer your question in view of the concepts, approaches and values of public administration in a society. Support your answer with relevant practices of Public Administration.

Q.2. Budgeting is an important aspect of public organizations, discuss its role, types and process with special focus on financial accountability and performance in public sector organizations.

Q.3. Change is inevitable for contemporary organizations, discuss its importance with reference to administrative reform introduced around the world including Pakistan. Support your view with relevant examples.

Q.4. Define the term ‘Good Governance’ and its salient features. To what extent do you think the existing bureaucratic structure of Pakistani public organizations facilitate or impede the practice of the concept in public sector organizations?

Q.5. What is meant by ‘Decision Making’? Define the process of making decisions in public sector organizations. Identify major issues and challenges in public sector Decision Making and implementation using Pakistani public organizations as a case in point.

Q.6. Define the term ‘Motivation’ and its key process. Discuss major issues and challenges in Public Service Motivation as discussed in the literature with specific reference to Pakistan and suggest ways to enhance motivation level of employees in public sector organizations.

Q.7. Discuss importance of inter-governmental relations for effective governance, critically evaluate the role of local government in this regard. Support your view with relevant examples.

Q.8. Civil Society organizations are viewed as partners in the process of development, discuss their role and importance in developing countries using a good governance perspective.