To reduce friction and wear between two moving solid or metal surfaces special kinds of things are used which are termed as the Industrial Lubricants. It is universal truth that friction causes heat. So, use of lubricants also diminishes generated heat by carrying away from the two moving metal parts. In this way, they also cool the moving surfaces. This is why; they are also sometimes termed as coolants or heat transfer fluids.

The use of lubricants is wide. It can be used in machinery that has moving parts. From a cycle paddle to an aeroplane and from small scale industries to large scale industries, lubricants are used in a large amount for the smooth running of machinery parts. Lubricants play a vital role for the smooth running of an industry. Automobile industries, marine, aircraft, metalworking industries, etc are the major consumers of industrial lubricants.

In three physical states industrial lubricants are found – liquid, semi-liquid and solid. Generally, liquid and semi-liquid lubricants are used in industries. Some major forms of liquid lubricants are motor oils, farming oils, turbine oils, gear oils, brake oils, hydraulic oils, farming oils, gas engine oils, etc. Vaseline, greases are the forms of semi-liquid lubricants. These types of lubricants are generally used in gears, ball bearings, etc. Graphite, molybdenum disulphide, boron nitride, tungsten disulphide, etc are the some examples of solid lubricants. Graphite is the widely used solid lubricants. The powder of graphite is used for lubrication between moving surfaces.

These-days, synthetic lubricants are also used widely in several machineries. They are specially designed from chemical compound using some additives for the better performance of the lubricants. Polyalphaoleins (PAO), Polyglycols (PAG), Ester Oils, Silicones lubricants, etc are some forms of widely used synthetic lubricants. Synthetic lubricants are the substitute of petroleum based lubricants.

For the better performance of lubricants and some specific tasks and purposes, additives are used in lubricants. Additives increase the viscosity of lubricants and reduce oxidation and contamination. They reduce friction, wear, and heat from the moving parts and prevent moving parts and components of the machinery against rust and corrosion. Some common name in additives used in industrial lubricants for the better performance are anti-oxidants, anti-foaming agents, metal deactivators, demulsifying compound, emulsifying compounds, rust & corrosion inhibitors, etc.

Motor oils (also termed as engine oils) are the biggest application of lubricants. They are generally used in motor vehicle or automobile industry. They are used in internal combustion engines and provide them better protection, performance and longer life. Gear oils, used in gear boxes and gear systems, are also the form of motor oils.

Some other examples of industrial lubricating oils are marine oils, turbine oils, farming oils, metalworking fluids, cutting fluids or grinding fluids, etc which are used in different application and for the different purposes. Metal working fluids like cutting fluids, grinding fluids, are used for lubrication during the process of cutting, drilling, grinding, boring, etc. The major use of metalworking fluids are in glass industries.

On the whole, industrial lubricants play a key role in industries for the smooth running of their machines. One cannot think smooth running of machinery without using lubricants or lubricating oils.



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P.R.