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Old Thursday, July 22, 2010
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Default Can we use "and" right after the comma?

Can we use "and" right after the comma?
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Old Thursday, July 22, 2010
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Some times we use in term of serial commas ,"and'' article right after comma
But normally in writing we don't use "and" after comma
I posted what I knew, I humbly request to seniors for more rectifications


Creating ambiguity

In some circumstances the serial-comma convention can introduce ambiguity. An example would be a list reading:
My mother, Ayn Rand, and God

The serial comma after Ayn Rand creates ambiguity about the writer's mother, leaving it unclear whether this is a list of three people – (1) mother, (2) Ayn Rand, (3) God – or two – (1) mother, who is Ayn Rand, (2) God.

Without a serial comma this would read:
My mother, Ayn Rand and God

– which is ambiguous only if the reader is prepared to accept the interpretation "My mother, who is both Ayn Rand and God".
[edit]


Unresolved ambiguity

The Times once published an unintentionally humorous description of a Peter Ustinov documentary, noting that "highlights of his global tour include encounters with Nelson Mandela, an 800-year-old demigod and a dildo collector".[18] This would still be ambiguous if a serial comma were added, as Mandela could then be mistaken for a demigod, although he would be precluded from being a dildo collector.

Or consider

They went to Oregon with Betty, a maid, and a cook.

This is ambiguous because it is unclear whether "a maid" is an appositive describing Betty, or the second in a list of three people. On the other hand, removing the final comma –
They went to Oregon with Betty, a maid and a cook –

leaves the possibility that Betty is both a maid and a cook (with "a maid and a cook" read as a unit, in apposition to Betty). So in this case neither the serial-comma style nor the no-serial-comma style resolves the ambiguity. A writer who intends a list of three distinct people (Betty, maid, cook) may create an ambiguous sentence, regardless of whether the serial comma is adopted. Furthermore, if the reader is unaware of which convention is being used, both versions are always ambiguous.

These forms (among others) would remove the ambiguity:
They went to Oregon with Betty, who was a maid and a cook. (One person)
They went to Oregon with Betty, both a maid and a cook. (One person)
They went to Oregon with Betty (a maid) and a cook. (Two people)
They went to Oregon with Betty, a maid, and with a cook. (Two people)
They went to Oregon with Betty – a maid – and a cook. (Two people)
They went to Oregon with the maid Betty and a cook. (Two people)
They went to Oregon with a cook and Betty, a maid. (Two people)
They went to Oregon with Betty and a maid and a cook. (Three people)
They went to Oregon with Betty, one maid and a cook. (Three people)
They went to Oregon with a maid, a cook, and Betty. (Three people)
They went to Oregon with a maid, a cook and Betty. (Three people)

used with and, or, or nor.
"red, white, and blue"
"horses, mules, and cattle; but horses and mules and cattle"
"by the bolt, by the yard, or in remnants"
"a, b, and c"
"neither snow, nor rain, nor heat"
"2 days, 3 hours, and 4 minutes (series); but 70 years 11 months 6 days (age)"



I want more clarification
thanks
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Old Thursday, July 22, 2010
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Yes, you can or I must say that you should use " , " before "and", when you are enlisting the things.
e.g.
Feudalism, ignorance, bad governance, violation of authority, and a lot of others are the causes of failure of system in a state.

But, it is going out of fashion to use this comma so it depends upon you to use it or skip it. Hope the answer of the question.
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Old Saturday, July 24, 2010
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Comma before "and" is sused when we have three or more items in a series. This mark of punctuation is called the serial comma.

When "and" is being used to coordinate two independent clauses, the comma is used before it. An independent clause—also known as a main clause—is a group of words that has a subject and a verb and can stand alone as a sentence. In the following example, the independent clauses are in brackets:

[Miguel took piano lessons for sixteen years], and [today he is an accomplished performer].

The Commais also used before "and" when any of the seven coordinating conjunctions (and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet) join two independent clauses.

Since commas are used in pairs to enclose phrases that interrupt a clause or that are intended to function parenthetically, a writer may choose to place a comma before "and" (or any of the seven coordinating conjunctions) when the conjunction launches such a phrase:

I asked Nasir again, and really meant it this time, to pay my debt.
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Old Friday, July 30, 2010
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Quote:
Originally Posted by chabdussamad View Post
e.g.
Feudalism, ignorance, bad governance, violation of authority, and a lot of others are the causes of failure of system in a state.

.
sir ji your sentence by grammer rule, according to my humble knowledge is wrong.coorect is
Feudalism, ignorance, bad governance, violation of authority and a lot of others are the causes of failure of system in a state.
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