Precis 2010

AN ENVIOUS PERSONALITY

Being envious is in human nature.An envious person never find happiness in what he has.He always complaints about what others have.He desires to get more.And the more he gets the more he wants.Even he does not notice how other fulfill their needs by minimum resources.Its necessary for such kind of person to be happy.But when its suggested to him he always regret this idea.He should himself realize and make efforts to get rid of envy.

Css 2008 passage
Q.1. Write a précis of the following passage in about 100 words and suggest the title: (20+5)

Objectives pursued by, organizations should be directed to the satisfaction of demands resulting from the wants of mankind. Therefore, the determination of appropriate objectives for organized activity must be preceded by an effort to determine precisely what their wants are. Industrial organizations conduct market studies to learn what consumer goods should be produced. City Commissions make surveys to ascertain what civic projects would be of most benefit. Highway Commissions conduct traffic counts to learn what constructive programmes should be undertaken. Organizations come into being as a means for creating and exchanging utility. Their success is dependent upon the appropriateness of the series of acts contributed to the system. The majority of these acts is purposeful, that is, they are directed to the accomplishment of some objectives. These acts are physical in nature and find purposeful employment in the alteration of the physical environment. As a result utility is created, which, through the process of distribution, makes it possible for the cooperative system to endure.

Before the Industrial Revolution most cooperative activity was accomplished in small owner managed enterprises, usually with a single decision maker and simple organizational objectives. Increased technology and the growth of industrial organization made necessary the establishment of a hierarchy of objectives. This is turn, required a division of the management function until today a hierarchy of decision makers exists in most organizations.

The effective pursuit of appropriate objectives contributes directly to organizational efficiency. As used here, efficiency is a measure of the want satisfying power of the cooperative system as a whole. Thus efficiency is the summation of utilities received from the organization divided by the utilities given to the organization, as subjectively evaluated by each contributor.

The functions of the management process is the delineation of organizational objectives and the coordination of activity towards the accomplishment of these objectives. The system of coordinated activities must be maintained so that each contributor, including the manager, gains more than he contributes. (324 words)

Difficult words Meaning,Synonym
Hierarchy =Ranking system ,grading
Pursuit =Striving towards
Endure =Tolerate
Utility =Useful, beneficial
Delineation =Trace the outline of,characterization
Ascertain =Find out

Main points

I. Organization should be directed to the demands of consumers
II. Surveys should be conducted for this purpose
III. Survey creates employments
IV. Before industrial revolution small enterprises were managed by a single owner . but latest technology changed the whole scenario. So the decision making body increased from a single one this is why in companies a separate cell was created
V. Management should never compromise on the objectives
VI. In this way each contributor gets the maximum benefit including the manager.
Précis

In this passage author says that the organizations should consider the demand of their consumers and they should conduct various surveys to know what the exact demand of their consumers is? Prior to the industrial revolution small enterprises were being run mostly by single decision makers but by the improvement of technology organizational needs increased which increased the no. of decision makers so the organizations built a management division which exists until today and by the effective implementation of these objectives efficiency of organizations increased considerably this is why organizations should never compromise on objectives which will benefit the organization as well as contributors. (105 words)

Title:1) MANAGEMENT
2) EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT

NOTE: CAN SOMEONE TELL ME WHAT MISTAKES I MADE HERE. YOUR COMMENTS/SUGGESTIONS ARE MOST WELCOME.

Your effort is good. Practice make a person perfect. You make just 1 or 2 sentences in the whole precis. This is a huge mistake. Smaller sentences easily comprehended by the examiner. It also convenient for the writer to use smaller sentences. The Title could be:

Management by Objective

Be positive and optimistic. The longest journey begins with a single step. Keep writing.

__________________
“There is no God but You (Allah Almighty), You are far exalted and above all weaknesses, and I was indeed the wrongdoer”. AL-QURAN

Organization Objective

The main aim of the organization is to fulfill the demand of the consumer.For this purpose organization conduct research so that to know the need of the consumer.Once its known organization create demand and in exchange earn profit.But this whole process success depends on how well organization accomplish their objectives.Before the industrial revolution the whole management process was done by one man.But today due to advancement of technology and industrial growth it become necessary to involve more than one decision maker.Moreover there must be coordination between all decision makers in order to fulfill organization objective efficiently and effectively.

Q.2 Make a precis of the given passage and suggest a suitable heading. (20+5)

From Plato to Tolstoi art has been accused of exciting our emotions and thus of disturbing the order and harmony of our moral life. “Poetical imagination, according to Plato, waters our experience of lust and anger, of desire and pain, and makes them grow when they ought to starve with drought. “Tolstoi sees in art a source of infection. “Not only in infection,” he says, is a sign of art, but the degree of infectiousness also the sole measure of excellence in art But the flaw in this theory is obvious.

Tolstoi suppresses a fundamental moment of art, the moment of form. The aesthetic experience – the experience of contemplation – is a different state of mind from the coolness of our theoretical and the sobriety of our moral judgment. It is filled with the liveliest energies of passion, but passion itself is here transformed both in its nature and in its meaning. Wordsworth defines poetry as “emotion recollected in tranquility”. But the tranquility we feel in great poetry is not that of recollection. The emotions aroused by the poet do not belong to a remote past. They are “here”-alive and immediate. We are aware of their full strength, but this strength tends in a new direction.
It is rather seen than immediately felt. Our passions are no longer dark and impenetrable powers; they become, as it were, transparent. Shakespeare never gives us an aesthetic theory. He does not speculate about the nature of art. Yet in the only passage in which he speaks of the character and function of dramatic art the whole stress is laid upon this point. “The purpose of playing,” as Halmet explains, “both at the first and now, was and is, to hold, as, twere, the mirror up to nature; to show virtue her own feature, scorn her own image, and the very age and body of the time his form and pressure.” But the image of a passion is not the passion itself. The poet who represents a passion does not infect us with this passion. At a Shakespeare play we are not at the mercy of these emotions; we look through them; we seem to penetrate into their very nature and essence. In this respect Shakespeare’s theory of dramatic art, if he had such a theory, is in complete agreement with the conception of the fine arts of the great painters and sculptors.

Total Words = 395

Answer

Title - Art and Passion

Both Plato and Tolstoy agreed that the art is a cause of dark passions. Tolstoy termed the art as infection. Here Tolstoy curbs the philosophical and observational experience of art which is different from morality. This is full of passion through its nature and meaning. Wordswoth termed poetry as recollected emotions in repose. But we sense the great poetry is living and fresh not recollection. By describing the functions of dramatic art Shakespeare stressed “The purpose of playing”. According to him morality and immorality have their own character. The poet or art is not responsible for dark passions. At a Shakespeare play viewers are not bound by emotions, although; they looking and penetrating through them. We could say that Shakespeare’s views of dramatic art are in complete harmony with fine art.

Precis Words = 134

Please comment

__________________
“There is no God but You (Allah Almighty), You are far exalted and above all weaknesses, and I was indeed the wrongdoer”. AL-QURAN

thanks dear Ali for your useful suggestion.hope we will discuss all past css papers

English (Précis and Composition)

1. Make a précis of the given passage and suggest a suitable heading (20 +5)

basically, psychoses and neuroses represent man’s inability to maintain a balanced or equated polarity in conducting his life. The ego becomes exclusively or decidedly one sided. In psychoses there is a complete collapse of the ego back into the inner recesses of the personal and collective unconsciouses. When he is repressed toward fulfilling some life goal and where he is further unable to sublimate himself toward another goal, man regresses into goal structures not actually acceptable to himself or to the society. Strong emotional sickness of the psychotic type is like having the shadow run wild. The entire psyche regresses to archaic, animal forms of behaviors. In less severe forms of emotional sickness there may be an accentuated and overpowering use of one of the four mental functions at the expense of the other three. Either thinking, feeling, intuiting or seeing may assume such a superior role as to render the other three inoperative. The persona may become so dominant as to create a totally one-sided ego, as in some forms of neurotic behavior. All in all, whatever the type of severity of the emotional disorder, it can be taken as a failure of the psyche to maintain a proper balance between the polarities of life. Essentially, psychoses and neuroses are an alienation of the self from its true goal of self actualization. In this sense the culture is of no consequence. Emotional disorder is not a question of being out of tune with one’s culture so much as it is of being out of tune with one’s self. Consequently, neurosis is more than bizarre behavior, especially as it may be interpreted by contemporaries in the culture. This interpretation avoids the sociological question of what is a mental disorder, since form of behavior which is acceptable in one culture may be considered neurotic in other culture. To Jung, the deviation from cultural norms is not the point. The inability to balance out personal polarities is. (324 words)
Words synonyms
Sublimates= divert, channel, transfer, redirect
Equated = identify
Polarity= difference, dichotomy
Recesses= remote, secluded, hollow (a hollow space within something)
Regresses= revert, return to a former state
Intuiting= understand or workout by instinct
Inoperative= out of order, faulty, unserviceable
Bizarre= strange, peculiar
Interpreted= explained, clarified, elucidated
Neurotic= mentally ill
Intuit= understands or work out by instinct

Précis:
In this passage author explains psychoses and neuroses which is the man’s mental inability. who makes his decisions one sided. This particularly happens at that time when someone is unable to achieve his goals. he becomes anxious, this situation may affect thinking, feeling, or seeing adversely which could result in mental disorder. Psychoses makes someone unknown from his own culture while neuroses is the kind of situation in which something is acceptable at one culture while rejected in others so according to “jung” the inability to maintain this balance is called neuroses. (91 words)

Title: PSYCHOSES AND NEUROSES

NOTE: YOUR COMMENTS/SUGGESTION ARE MOST WELCOME. KINDLY TELL ME IF I MADE ANY MISTAKE

ENGLISH (PRECIS & COMPOSITION)2003


1. Make a precis of the given passage and give a suitable heading20)

If then a practical end must be assigned to a University course, I say it is that of training good members of a society. Its ah is the art of social life, and its end is fitness for the world. It neither confines its views to particular professions on the one hand, not creates heroes or inspires genius on the other. Works indeed of genius fall under no art; heroic minds come under no rule; a University is not a birthplace of poets or of immortal authors, of founders of schools, leaders of colonies, or conquerors of nations. It does not promise a generation of Aristotle or Newtons of Napoleons or Washingtons of Raphaels or Shakespearcs though such miracles of nature it has before now contained within its precincts. Nor is it content on the other hand with forming the critic or the experimentalist, the economist or the engineer, through such too it includes within its scope. But a University training is the great ordinary means to a great ordinary end; it aims at raising the intellectual tone of society, at cultivating the public mind, at purifying the national taste, at supplying true principles to popular aspirations. It is the education which gives a man a clear conscious view of his own opinions and judgments, a truth in developing them, an eloquence in expressing them, and a force in urging them, ft teaches him to sec things as they arc, to go right to the point, to disentangle a skein of thought, to detect what is sophistical and to - discard what is irrelevant. It prepares him to fill any post with credit, and to master any subject with facility. (John H. Ncwman) (283 words)
DIFFICULT WORDS = MEANING/SYNONYM
Precincts = BOUNDS, LIMITS
Skein = A LENGTH OF THREAD OR YARN, MAZE/KNOT

Précis

According to john h nowman university provides an environment where some one can prepare himself to face the challenges of the world. But genius minds are not confined to be flourished only in universities. Albeit it improves the moral standards of a society as well as it develops individual thinking and teaches the art of speaking and his views. Such a person can distinguish between right or wrong in a better way. In short university readers are in an environment where a person can master at any thing or at any subject he likes. (95 words)

Title:
1) university, the art of social life
2) the ground for learning

Passage from css past peper of 2004

1. Make a precis of the given passage and suggest a suitable heading:

We're dealing with a very dramatic and very fundamental paradigm shift here. You may try" to lubricate your' social interactions with personality techniques and skills, but in the process, you may truncate the vital character base. You can't have the fruits without the roots. It's the principle of sequencing: Private victory precedes Public Victory. Self-mastery and self-discipline are the foundation of good relationship with others. Some people say that you have to like yourself before you can like others. I think' that idea has merit but if you don't know yourself, if you don't control yourself, if you don't have mastery over yourself, it's very hard to like yourself, except in some short-term, psych-up, superficial way. Real self-respect comes from dominion over*self from true independence. Independence is an achievement. Inter dependence is a choice only independent people can make. Unless we are willing to achieve real independence, it's foolish to try to develop human relations skills. We might try. We might even have some degree of success when the sun is shining. But when the difficult times come - and they will - We won't have the foundation to keep things together. The most important ingredient we put into any relationship is not what we say or what we do, but what we are. And if our words and our actions come from superficial human relations techniques (the Personality Ethic) rather than from our own inner core (the character Ethic), others will sense that duplicity. We simply won't be able to create and sustain the foundation necessary" for effective interdependence. The techniques and skills that really make a difference in human interaction are the ones that almost naturally flow from a truly independent character. So the place to begin building any relationship is inside ourselves, inside our Circle of Influence, our own character. As we become independent - Proactive, centered in correct principles, value driven and able to organize and execute around the priorities in our life with integrity - we then can choose to become interdependent - capable of building rich, enduring, highly productive relationships with other people. (349 words)

Précis:

In this passage author says a person may spent much time on making relations. But without personal development these relations would be fragile. Because relations could break when there is a slap of vile on his luck. To make strong relations 1st of all he should be committed with his own self by working hard. So that his relations would be on firm footings with others. (66 words)

Title:
1) self discipline is the key to success
2) Productive relations
3) better planning

Passage from css past paper of 2007

Q#1 Make a précis of the given passage and suggest a suitable heading.

The author of a work of imagination is trying to effect us wholly, as human beings, whether he knows it or not; and we are affected by it, as human beings, whether we intend to be or not. I suppose that everything we eat has some effect upon us than merely the pleasure of taste and mastication; it affects us during the process of assimilation and digestion; and I believe that exactly the same is true of any thing we read.
The fact that what we read does not concern merely something called our literary taste, but that it affects directly, though only amongst many other influences , the whole of what we are, is best elicited , I think, by a conscientious examination of the history of our individual literary education. Consider the adolescent reading of any person with some literary sensibility. Everyone, I believe, who is at all sensible to the seductions of poetry, can remember some moment in youth when he or she was completely carried away by the work of one poet. Very likely he was carried away by several poets, one after the other. The reason for this passing infatuation is not merely that our sensibility to poetry is keener in adolescence than in maturity. What happens is a kind of inundation, or invasion of the undeveloped personality, the empty (swept and garnished) room, by the stronger personality of the poet. The same thing may happen at a later age to persons who have not done much reading. One author takes complete possession of us for a time; then another, and finally they begin to affect each other in our mind. We weigh one against another; we see that each has qualities absent from others, and qualities incompatible with the qualities of others: we begin to be, in fact, critical: and it is our growing critical power which protects us from excessive possession by anyone literary personality. The good critic- and we should all try to critics, and not leave criticism to the fellows who write reviews in the papers- is the man who, to a keen and abiding sensibility, joins wide and increasingly discriminating. Wide reading is not valuable as a kind of hoarding, and the accumulation of knowledge or what sometimes is meant by the term ‘a well-stocked mind.’ It is valuable because in the process of being affected by one powerful personality after another, we cease to be dominated by anyone, or by any small number. The very different views of life, cohabiting in our minds, affect each other, and our own personality asserts itself and gives each a place in some arrangement peculiar to our self. (445 words)
Difficult words =meaning/synonym
Wholly =entirely, fully
Mastication =chew
Assimilation =take in and fully understand, apperception, absorb and fully digest
Elicited =obtain, draw out
Overwhelm =defeat someone completely
Adolescent =in the process of developing from a child into an adult
Seduction =entice into sexual activity
Inflation =proud, increase in prices
Hoarding =a large advertising board
Accumulation =gathering together a no. or quantity
Peculiar =strange or odd
Vanity =excessive pride in or admiration of one’s own appearance

PRECIS:

In this passage writer says that Author of a work always do his best to convince us from his dominant personality and as everything whether we eat or read has an impact upon us. It is not because of our keen interest. But due to the forceful assault of a powerful personality on an undeveloped personality. And as our reading sensibility increases then we can distinguish between good or bad. Slowly we begin to think like a critic. Which protects us from being influenced by other small poets and slowly our mind starts to grade them according to their ability (101 words)

Title:

The impact of personalities

NOTE: YOUR COMMENTS AND SUGGESTIONS ARE MOST WELCOME