Topic#1: World as a Global Village: Learning to Live Together

Thesis Statement: In spite of a plethora of global issues and mistrust among nation-states, each requires the assistance of another for the social, political, and economic prosperity of her own.

Outlines:
1. Introduction
The present world is an accumulation of laws, regulations, treaties, and organizations whereby sovereign states are inter-connected.
2. A cursory look at the past of the necessity of living together
2.1. War of Independence
13 colonial states felt the need for reconciliation to establish a separate confederation (union of states) in order to escape the clutches of British royal power
2.2. The two World Wars
Major allies united in defeating the Axis powers in order to restore peace and security
3. How is the present world a global village?
3.1. Ratification of international treaties in economic, legal, security, and health areas
(a) World Bank and IMF
(b) Work Trade Organization
(c) Non-Proliferation Treaty and the role of IAEA
(d) International Human Rights Law
(e) World Health Organization
3.2. States require a global stage to discuss and resolve issues to preserve peace and security
(a) United Nations
(b) World Economic Forum
(c) International Peace Summits
(d) Other organizations on trade and climate change
3.3. Champions of making the regions inter-connected
(a) ASEAN
(B) SCO
(c) BRICS
4. By living together, the states can:
4.1. Make investments and grant loans to other countries facing economic problems
4.2. Enhance trade facility to impart basic necessities to the citizens
4.3. Stand unequivocally against anti-State elements
4.4. Inhibit nuclear proliferation and arms race
4.5. Resolve issues in volatile Syria, Yemen, Myanmar, Palestine, and Kashmir
5. Conclusion




Topics#2: Real Development should Transform People's lives, not just Economic Statistics

Thesis Statement: Real development entails the acquisition of knowledge and experience, which ensure the provision of rights, adherence to laws, fulfilment of duties, and exchange of ideas and services, besides economic ascendency

Outlines:
1. Introduction
What is real development?
Raise people's standard of living not just economically, but morally, socially, and inclusively
2. What transformation in human lives is essential to yield real development?
2.1. Education with parity
2.2. Understanding of moral obligation of respecting humanity
2.3. Adequate fulfilment of duties and their employment in the right place
2.4. Equal access to resources and opportunities
2.5. Learning discreet rhetoric
3. Examples of countries with lower economic statistics but huger human development
3.1. Bangladesh, despite being one of the densest countries, has a higher literate populace
3.2. Sri Lanka, despite being economically insolvent, has overtaken other economically stable countries in terms of human development
- Human Capital Index ranks Sri Lanka at the second position
3.3. China's transformation in 20 years from being poorly developed into a rising economic power with the help of her manpower
3.4. American urbanization in the nineteenth century with the help of her labour system
4. A sorry state of Pakistan
Despite being a resource-laden country, her ranking in human development is dismal
HDI ranking- 150th out of 189 countries
HCI ranking- stands in the last quartile

Evident Causes
4.1. Social Causes
(a) Higher poverty level
(b) Low and unequal education system
(c) Marginal employment opportunities
(d) The gap between social contract among society's strata (existence of feudalism)
4.2. Political Causes
(a) The absence of rule of law
(b) Non-adherence to civil laws
(c) Lack of structural reforms
(d) Inter-provincial disharmony
4.3. Economic Causes
(a) Low investment due to deteriorating public opinion
(b) Ignorant labour masses in agriculture and industrial sectors
(c) The gap between capital and expenditures
5. How can real development be pervaded in Pakistan?
5.1. Prioritize education
5.2. Esnure gender parity and equal opportunities
5.3 Modification of priorities in the Economic Survey of Pakistan
5.4. Citizens should be informed about policy measures and their results, as well as foreign dealings
5.5. Ensure youth's inclusion in the state-led enterprises based on meritocracy
5.6. Increase in state-to-state exchange programs
5.7. Imparting the need for family planning
5.8. Timely punishment of any breach of laws
6. Critical Analysis
7. Conclusion