The understanding of natural phenomena and the origin and mystery of life has been an ageless human concern. Many millennia ago, long before written historic records and language, the human species evolved, survived natural catastrophes, and most likely formed a minimal social life by communicating with one another via grunts and signs. Around 3000 BC, in Western Europe, Asia and China, a social life existed within disparate familial ‘national’ groups in frequent war with one another. In the ‘fertile crescent’ of northwest Africa (Mesopotamia) for example, nations were governed by despotic Pharaohs (Egypt), Kings (Babylon), and Patriarchs who based their rule on differing mythic beliefs in gods and religions. Between 600 and 300 BC in the Aegean islands and Greece, progress in verbal and symbolic written language sparked the beginning of a thoughtful dialectic search (via Homer, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle) for a better foundation of existing beliefs on religious, politics, and economics related to human life as well as for rules governing natural phenomena. It was not until 1650 AD, however, that in Great Britain Isaac Newton a man of genius developed a unique ‘scientific’ ability to conceptualize and analyze with mathematical accuracy many natural phenomena (how bodies move in space-time). Two centuries later Michael Faraday experimentally explained the interconnection between electric and magnetic phenomena and James Clerk Maxwell translated Faraday’s concepts into a "scientific" mathematical theory of how electromagnetic waves are excited and propagated in space-time. In a remarkable series of five papers in 1905 Albert Einstein then showed that space and time were related, that light could be viewed either as an electromagnetic wave or as a system of particles. These "scientific" abilities spawned technological inventions with deep impact on the quality of human lives. But efforts to learn and explain basic human behavior did not achieve a level of success comparable to that in the "sciences". Ideas that worked so well in solving problems via “science" methods were not readily adaptable to the more difficult human problems associated with long standing spiritual beliefs. Belief patterns stem from intimately related mind phenomena emanating from thought, memory, and emotion processes within a complex physical structure --the human brain. At birth our brain is almost not there. Brain growth during childhood depends markedly on environmental exposure to parents and schools. Thoughts are cerebral perceptions of external and internal sensory events, from which imaginative abstract ideas associated with memories of these events can be created. Beliefs on the other hand can arise from diverse spiritual exposures or from experimentally verifiable thought patterns, both of which have a profound affect on individual and collective human behavior. Some individuals have a passion for basing their beliefs on "scientific" thinking while others do not abide by this requirement. A fundamental cognitive understanding of our thought processes has become a focus of psycho-biological, neurological, and molecular-biological studies relating mind excitations to specific physical areas within the brain. These studies offer the hope of discovering the "scientific" essence of mind phenomena and of suggesting novel methods for improving the quality of human life at all ages. Relatively simple meditative methods exist for controlling thought and memory patterns which lead to learning important belief patterns.