2023
PART – II
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. Discuss scope of Criminology as science dealing with study of criminal law,
forensics and criminal investigation.
Q. No. 3. Suggest Measures to control robberies/dacoities and urban street criminality in
Pakistan?
SECTION-II
Q. No. 4. How juvenile delinquency can be reduced through institutional role, professional
counseling and increased care?
Q. No. 5. What challenges are faced by police in controlling crime and maintaining law and
order in the country?
SECTION-III
Q. No. 6. Why crime scene is important for investigators? What are the crime scene search
Patterns?
Q. No. 7. How international policing and monitoring organizations control human
trafficking?
SECTION-IV
Q. No. 8. ‘Terrorism and radicalization continue to pose threat to global peace, economy
and stability’. Discuss.
Q. No. 9. What is the role of FIA in controlling organized criminality in Pakistan?

2022
SECTION-1
Q2. What is the difference between crimes, deviance, sin, and vice? Do you believe that crime is one of the major social problems in Pakistani society? Discuss.
Q3. What is the meaning of Anomie? Discuss Robert Merton’s theory of Anomie in detail.
SECTION-II
Q4. Define the term juvenile delinquency. Write a note on the history of the juvenile justice system and the role of the juvenile court in reducing juvenile delinquency.
Q5. In Pakistan, the creation of a police force is a colonial legacy. in which circumstances an independent police force was established in the pre-independence era. What major changes have occurred in the police department in Pakistan?
SECTION-III
Q6. What are the legal and ethical guidelines for investigating gender-based crimes? Explain your answer with the help of suitable examples.
Q7. What is meant by forensic criminal investigation? What are the hurdles in streamlining forensic criminal investigations in Pakistan?
SECTION-IV
Q8. What is the role of community policing in curtailing the problem of crime in Pakistan?
Q9. Discuss the role of FIA in controlling organized crimes in Pakistan.
2021
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. Critically analyze the biological theories of criminality. (20)
Q. No. 3. (a) How would you classify criminal behavior? (10 each)
(b) What would be the focus of typology?
SECTION-II
Q. No. 4. Describe various procedures and problems of Criminal Courts in Pakistan. (20)
Q. No. 5. Define Juvenile probation. Explain the organization and administration of Juvenile
probation services.
SECTION-III
Q. No. 6. What are the principles and techniques of interrogation? How far these techniques have
potential to clear an accused?
Q. No. 7. What is the difference between EUROPOL and INTERPOL? How does EUROPOL
assist Member states investigation to control terrorist networks in Europe?
SECTION-IV
Q. No. 8. Several specific law enforcement strategies fall within the framework of intelligence led policing. Discuss any four strategies.
Q. No. 9. (a) What is Trade-Based Money Laundering (TBML)? Discuss with examples. (10 each)
(b) Do Cryptocurrencies have a high money laundering risk? Discuss.
2020
PART – II
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. What is your position on the nature vs nurture debate in criminology? (20)
Q. No. 3. Define and explain the following concepts: (05 marks each)
(a) Left realism and right realism
(b) Phrenology and Physiognomy
(c) Corporal punishment and capital punishment
(d) Sociology of Law, Criminal Etiology and Penology
SECTION-II
Q. No. 4. Write a comprehensive note on the risk and protective factors of juvenile delinquency
in Pakistan.
Q. No. 5. What is recidivism? What kind of institutional modern strategies could be used for the
reintegration of the criminals in Pakistan?
SECTION-III
Q. No. 6. Define criminal investigation and its principles. Highlight with examples the
importance of modern techniques used for crime detection in Pakistan.
Q. No. 7. The International Criminal Police Organization- ICPO, INTERPOL was founded in
1914 with the founding principle to coordinate efforts relating to international police
cooperation. How do you see the role of INTERPOL for reducing money laundering
with special reference to Pakistan?
SECTION-IV
Q. No. 8. Explain the institutional corrections and alternative community corrections strategies in
detail. Support your answer with examples where appropriate.
Q. No. 9. Keeping in view the social learning perspective in criminology, discuss how terrorists
use internet as a tool to reinforce their ideology among youth in Pakistan.
2019
PART – II
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. Travis Hirschi argued that crime results when an individual’s bond to society is weak
or broken. Discuss in detail what this theory of social bonding explains about crime.
Q. No. 3. Discuss the fundamental postulates of Edwin Sutherland’s ‘Differential Association
theory’ with examples.
SECTION-II
Q. No. 4. Discuss some of the functions and responsibilities of Juvenile Justice System. Do you
believe that Juvenile Justice has played its role in prevention of juvenile crimes in
Pakistan?
Q. No. 5. How far recidivism has been limited by the institution of prison? Explain some of the
modern strategies used in prison for the restoration and reintegration of criminals.
SECTION-III
Q. No. 6. Define and differentiate interviewing and interrogation techniques. How far human
rights of criminals are being violated during the interrogation process?
Q. No. 7. How the forensic science is a helpful tool in the modern day for determining and
detection of violent crimes?
SECTION-IV
Q. No. 8. Cybercrime is increasing at national and international levels. Suggest some measures to
control this kind of crime.
Q. No. 9. How do violent crimes affect social fabric of Pakistani society? Discuss some of the
modern policing strategies for prevention and control of the violent crimes in Pakistan.
2018
PART-II
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. Write a critical note on the increasing importance of Criminology in Pakistan.
Also discuss the historical development of criminology as a scientific discipline.
Q. No. 3. Enlist the criminological perspectives. Briefly describe the three
Criminological perspectives on the study of crime and criminal behavior.
SECTION-II
Q. No. 4. Write a comprehensive note on the Juvenile justice system of Pakistan.
Suggest measures for the improvement of Juvenile justice system of Pakistan.
Q. No. 5. Write short notes on: (10 each)
(a) Causes of Juvenile delinquency in Pakistan
(b) Probation and Parole
SECTION-III
Q. No. 6. Write a comprehensive note on the principles of criminal investigation.
Illustrate with examples from Pakistan.
Q. No. 7. Elaborate importance of legal and ethical guidelines for the criminal
investigation of gender based crimes. Support your answer with example from
Pakistani society.
SECTION-IV
Q. No. 8. Write a critical note on the role of law enforcement agencies in the control of
Terrorism in Pakistan. Suggest measures to minimize radicalization in Pakistan.
Q. No. 9. Write notes on: (10 each)
(a) Money-laundering in Pakistan
(b) Gender and Crime
2017
PART-II
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. Write a critical note on the increasing importance of Criminology in Pakistan.
Also discuss the historical development of criminology as a scientific discipline.
Q. No. 3. Enlist the criminological perspectives. Briefly describe the three
Criminological perspectives on the study of crime and criminal behavior.
SECTION-II
Q. No. 4. Write a comprehensive note on the Juvenile justice system of Pakistan.
Suggest measures for the improvement of Juvenile justice system of Pakistan.
Q. No. 5. Write short notes on: (10 each)
(a) Causes of Juvenile delinquency in Pakistan
(b) Probation and Parole
SECTION-III
Q. No. 6. Write a comprehensive note on the principles of criminal investigation.
Illustrate with examples from Pakistan.
Q. No. 7. Elaborate importance of legal and ethical guidelines for the criminal
investigation of gender based crimes. Support your answer with example from
Pakistani society.
SECTION-IV
Q. No. 8. Write a critical note on the role of law enforcement agencies in the control of
terrorism in Pakistan. Suggest measures to minimize radicalization in Pakistan.
Q. No. 9. Write notes on: (10 each)
(a) Money-laundering in Pakistan
(b) Gender and Crime
2016
SECTION I
QUESTION 2: Explain the nature and importance of Criminology in detail
QUESTION 3: Define the term Crime and Criminals. Explain the types of criminals in detail.
SECTION II
QUESTION 4: Write a note on Crime Control Agencies.
QUESTION 5: Define the term Probation. Discuss the conditions of probation.
SECTION III
QUESTION 6: Enlist and discuss the principles of criminal investigation.
QUESTION 7: Discuss in detail the "Interviewing and Interrogation Techniques" of investigation.
SECTION IV
QUESTION 8: Write a detailed not on Cyber Crime.
QUESTION 9: Write short notes on any two of the following:
a) Money Laundering
b) White-collar crimes
c) Criminal Law