Viruses and Diseases

[Princess Royal]

There are many viruses and diseases spreading in Pakistan because of unhygienic conditions, contaminated drinking water etc. Can anyone list me such viruses and diseases?

Is the government and other potential sectors taking any action towards these widespread diseases and viruses? I know that there is no cure for viruses such as AIDS, but are any measures being taken to control the spread of it and relative diseases/viruses, due to which many innocent people are dieing?

[PHARM]

virus is a latin word mean "Poison"

they are Obligate intracellular parasite.
Viruses are "non cellular" agent causing disease and consist either DNA or RNA...
Obligate mean , they remain and live only within the living organism
they remain within the living cells,,get their food from his host and complete their life cycle by using host, bio synthetic machinery..


They r very small infectious agent, that they can only b seen with the help of electron microscope,, they are about 1000 times smaller then bacteria. they can pass through the pores of filters, which don't allow bacteria to pass from them..


UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS;

They r basic life form composed of protein coat, that surround genetic material,
The genetic material is either DNA OR RNA,, never both
Replication take place when they get control over the bacterial or any other host cell
Plasma cell is another name of Virus.




classes of virus.

on the basis of habitat, the viruses r of following type,,

1; Family Iridoviridae
2: Family Poxviridae
3: Family parvoviridae
4: Family Reoviridae
5: Family Picornaviridae
6: Family Togaviridae
7: Family Flaviviridae
8: Family Rhabdoviridae
9: Family Bunyaviridae

There are many other basis of Classification and the list of viruses family is very long..



Viral Diseases..

there are many diseases due to viruses as;


MEASLES

Measles an an acute, highly contagious viral disease, characterized by a final stage of maculopapular rash, erupting successively over the neck, face, body, arms, and legs and is accompanied by a high grade fever..

TREATMENT:

Good nursing care is essential.
There is no specific antibiotic therapy.
Antipyretics for high fever, relief of cough, maintenance of clear nasal passages, sedatives, bed rest and adequate fluid intake r essential.

Humidification of room may relieve the irritating cough by making the room comfortably warm,
Bacterial super infection is treated with anti microbial therapy.


Role of Vit. A

Approximately 72-92% of cases with measels have hypo-retinemia. of there is decreases retinal conc. measles will b more severe. it has beem observed that giving Vit A can reduce morbidity and mortality of measles.

Mumps:

It is acute contagious viral disease , characterized by pain ful enlargement of the salivary glands, especially the parotid glands..

Prevention;

[COLOR="LightBlue"]Passive protection is not indicdated.. Children should b vaccinate (MMR at age 12-14 months)


CHICKEN POX (VERICELLA)

Chicken pox is common child hood exanthema caused by VaricellaZoster Virus (VZV)

After chicken pox immunity is life long.


TREATMENT;

chicken pox in healthy child is usually not a serious disease.
maintanance is hydrationis important.
Fever is usually low grade and can be treated with paracetamol. Aspirin should not b given to children..
Calamine lotion may b applied on skin to relieve pain
General hygien measures should be maintained by keeping nail trimmed and clean and skin cleanliness.
Antibiotic are given for secondary skin infection


CHOLERA;

disease summary is..
Volkuminous diarrhea
stool is liquid, gray, turbid and without fecal order, blood or pus.
Rapid development of marked dehydration

TREATMENT:

TREATMENT is by replacement of fluids. In mild or moderate illness, orl rehydration salt (ORS) uslually adequate

Intravenous fluid are indicated for person in shock or those with other signs of severe hypovolemia and those who can't take adequate fluids orally.

[Princess Royal]

Thanks dear for the information on viruses. But I needed something else.

Actually, I meant viruses/infections such as hepatisis A,B, and C , the so called 'dingy virus' and other relative viruses/infections which are widely spreading among people in Pakistan, according to my knowledge, and unhygienic conditions and contaminated water being the only reason for there increased spreading. In my eye, if these are really spreading at high rates, then are a matter of great concern as many innocent people die/have died.
So my question is that is the government and other potential sectors such as health ministry, taking any action to control the spreading of these viruses/infections? As not living in Pakistan, I am unaware of these issues, so anyone???

[Sana Shoaib]

Hepatitus A,B or C are caused by HAV, HBV or HCV respectively. Vaccines have been invented n are in practice for Hepatitus A n B but there's no vaccine for Hepatitus C. However, precautiuonary measures should be taken to avoid all these kinds of virses/diseases.
In Pakistan, doctors and government are playing their respective roles in making people aware of these diseases,precautionary measures, mode of trasmission of these diseases from person to person and treatement for these diseases.
The treatment for Hepatitus depends upon the type of the disease n its stage whether its chronic or acute.
Unfortunately, here in Pakistan, literacy rate is very low, moreover, people dont have even the basic knowledge of different diseases n health problems, so, the result is that such diseases like hepatitus n cancers are diagnosed at the stages when its almost impossible or very very difficult to cure the disease. As the initial stages of hepatitus n cancers show symptoms like tireness, stress , light fever, headache, nausea etc etc people here take them non-seriously untill they become a call to angel of death.
Anyways, getting back onto the topic, many organizations, doctors n government representatives of health departments are trying to give people a general knowledge about these diseases.
And might be they are trying to "wipe off" the pollutants n tryin to clear the country from such harmful contents that are causes of such dangerous diseases n infections(i am not sure about this ).
Regards.