A proxy server manages traffic between your network and servers on the Internet, and determines whether network packets are allowed to pass through to the network. When a client computer makes a request, the proxy server translates the request and passes it on to the Internet. When a computer on the Internet responds, the proxy server passes the response back to the client computer.

In computer networks, a proxy server is a server (a computer system or an application program) that acts as a go-between for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers. A client connects to the proxy server, requesting some service, such as a file, connection, web page, or other resource, available from a different server. The proxy server evaluates the request according to its filtering rules. For example, it may filter traffic by IP address or protocol. If the request is validated by the filter, the proxy provides the resource by connecting to the relevant server and requesting the service on behalf of the client. A proxy server may optionally alter the client's request or the server's response, and sometimes it may serve the request without contacting the specified server. In this case, it 'caches' responses from the remote server, and returns subsequent requests for the same content directly.

A proxy server has two purposes:

1- To keep machines behind it anonymous (mainly for security).

2- To speed up access to a resource (via caching). It is commonly used to cache web pages from a web server.

A proxy server that passes requests and replies unmodified is usually called a gateway or sometimes tunneling proxy.

A proxy server can be placed in the user's local computer or at various points between the user and the destination servers or the Internet. A reverse proxy is a proxy used as a front-end to accelerate and cache in-demand resources (such as a web page).

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