Geography Notes- Paper A

exclusively · #1 Sunday, March 02, 2014

 Internal Structure of the Earth

Q.1. Explain the internal structure of the earth.

Q.1. Explain the internal structure of the earth with special reference to earthquake waves.

Q.1. Write a comprehensive note on the internal structure of earth.

• INTRODUCTION
1. INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF EARTH WITH THE HELP OF SEISMIC WAVES
Two kinds of waves:-
i. L-Waves

ii. Body-Waves
a. P-Waves:-
b. S-Waves:-

2. IMPORTANT POINT

3. INTERNAL LAYERS OF THE EARTH:

1. Solid Inner core
2. Liquid Outer Core
3. Lower Mantle (Solid)
4. Upper Mantle (Partially molten)
a. The Earth Crust
• Continental Crust
• Ocean Crust

4. VARIOUS VIEWS REGARDING EARTH’S INTERIOR
a. SUESS
i. Sima
ii. Nife

b. R.A Dally. R.A
i. Lithosphere
ii. Asthenosphere
iii. Mesophere

c. JEFFREYS
i. 1st layer
ii. 2nd layer
iii. 3rd layer
iv. 4th layer

d. ARTHUR HOLMES

e. GUTENBERG & A MOHOROVICS
i. Sedimentary Rocks
ii. Basic Rocks
iii. Ultrabask Rocks
iv. Core

exclusively · #2 Sunday, March 02, 2014

 Rocks

• ROCK DEFINITION
• 3 TYPES OF ROCK
i. IGNEOUS ROCKS
ii. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
iii. METAMORPHIC ROCKS

2-IGNEOUS ROCKS
Q.1. Igneous rocks (Notes)

Q.2. Describe chief characteristics of igneous and sedimentary rocks.

1. IGNEOUS ROCKS: (Definition)

2. CLASSIFICATION OF IGNEOUS ROCKS
• Classification on the basis of Minerals
• Acid Igneous Rocks
• Basic Igneous Rocks

• Classification on the basis of situation
i. Intrusive Rocks
ii. Extrusive Rocks

• Classification on the basis of Forms
i. Sill
ii. Dyke
iii. Laccolith
iv. Lapolith
v. Phacolith
vi. Batholith

3. PROPERTIES OF IGNEOUS ROCKS

4. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF IGNEOUS ROCKS

exclusively · #3 Sunday, March 02, 2014

2-SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
Q.2. What are sedimentary rocks? How are they formed classify them and describe their economic importance.

1. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS (DEFINITION)

2. FORMATION OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

3. CLASSIFICATION OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
i. Organically Formed Sedimentary Rocks
a. Calcareous sedimentary rocks
b. Carbonaceous sedimentary rocks
c. Siliceous sedimentary rocks
d. Ferruginous sedimentary rocks

ii. Inorganic Sedimentary Rocks
a. Mechanically/Clastic formed sedimentary rocks
• Arenaceous sedimentary rocks
• Argillaceous sedimentary rocks

b. Chemically formed sedimentary rocks

4. CHARACTERISTICS OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

5. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

6. KINDS OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
 Sandstone:
 Shale:
 Conglomerate:
 Limestone:
 Dolomite:
 Gypsum:
 Coal:

exclusively · #4 Sunday, March 02, 2014

3-METAMORPHIC ROCKS
Q.2. Metamorphism with examples (Notes)

Q.2. What are metamorphic rocks? How does metamorphism take place?
give some examples of these rocks?

1. METAMORPHIC ROCKS (DEFINITION)
2. FORMATION OF METAMORPHIC ROCKS
i. By high Pressure
ii. By basic change in the structure

3. TYPES OF METAMORPHISM
i. Regional Metamorphism
ii. Contact Metamorphism
iii. Cataclastic Metamorphism
iv. Hydrothermal Metamorphism
v. Burial Metamorphism

4. SOME EXAMPLES OF METAMORPHIC ROCKS

5. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF METAMORPHIC ROCKS

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