Eighteenth century witnessed major change in to two continents of the world i.e; Europe and Asia
In Europe strong monarchies and corporate communities or merchant communities were on the rise where as india the Rule of Muslims in India were taking last breath. Several causes lead to the decline of muslims power in India contributory factors which proved last straw for muslim empire in India.
1) No suceesion Plan:- first and Major reason of decline of Muslim rule in Indian subcontinent was that there was no succession in muslims after the death of one king his brothers, sons fought with each other at that time Darwinian theory of “survival of fittest” was suited to Indian kings where only powerfull has ascend to throne and weaker was killed or incarcinated.

2) Geographical expansion of The empire:- The second reason was that the empire of muslim was vast it stratches from Present india, Pakistan and Afghanistan it was near to impossible to govern that vast area while sitting in one capital city which ultimately creates the feeling of sovereignty in small states which lead to unrest in small states.

3) Deterioration of Morality:- Most of Kings were fond of liquior and women these two factors lead the way for decline of Mugh al Empire abundance of wealth, luxurious life and leisure made them reckless and incompetent to rule.

4) Lack of orginised Army specialy Navay:- Muslims were lacked the orginised Army after death of jehangir the commanders of the Army were involved in conspiricies in order to get to the throne where as their main foucs was the power then to concentrate on Preparation to face aggression from out side. Portougees, French and English entered through sea route for commercial purposes where they captured coastal areas and built their Garrisons and formed strong orginsied force consist of locals as well their own manpower.

5) Intellectual Bankrupcy:- As muslim rules indulged in immoral activities there concentration to create a viable education has diverted to leisure and luxurious life…..

6) Corrupt administration:- Minsters,courtiers accepted bribes which ultimately weakend the foundation of Muslim rule in Indian .

7) Invasion of Nadir shah and Ahmed shah Abdali:- Invasion of Nadir shah and Ahmed shah abdali in india aggrandized the situation for rulers destruction of dehli loot and plunder of Nadir shah has weaknd the authority of rulers and the empire had become economically weak.

8) Rise of Sikhs and Marahtas:- During the days of farukhsiar and jahandar shah Banda Bahadar has killed the governor of sirhandi wazir khan and captured the area where as nationalism of Marahtas also rose to the extent that their influence was to the Dehli.

9) Advent of East india Compony:- Advent of east india compony into Indian soil become the last straw in to rule of muslims they came to india as the traders where they started their disruptive activities and finaly became the rulers of subcontinents

It is a law of nature that empires are built and empires face doom. It is one irrefutable fact that is explainable with reference to history of so many of empires: ancient as well as modern. Other factors, as mentioned above, only accelerate the process of decay, which are not irrelevant in any case.

Yes sir you are right your lines which you mentioned in reply to my post would futher highlight the points of causes of decline though it is known fact that empires are built will face the dooms day but there is famous saying of greek that " whom they gods wish to destroy first they make them mad" in that madness the decision ultimately led to decline of established empires Allama Iabal has rightly defined the point of how empire/nationstate should be saved from facing dooms day he elaborates "آ تجھھ کو بتا دوں مئن تقدیر امم کیا ھے,
شمشیر و ثنا اول طاؤس رباب آخر by sword he means the armed strength as well strength at economic front as well as in the field of science and technology

Your kind reply is awaited

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Conquer Your Fear,it is a key to success

Exactly, I agree with Iqbals's explanation. A combination of both military and economic power is essential to maintain order in the society and to check rebellious elements. But you see, there must be a sort of balance between military and economic might. Too much military power can lead to downfall, as is evident from the fall of Soviet Union. On the other hand, only economic power cannot make you a 'power' in the world. This is also evident in case of Japan.

Yes brother you are right a wise statesman is that who makes policies keeping equliburum between economic as well as millitary policies.there is lot of diffrence between defination of classical state, neo classical state and modren state this is my own analysis here are the following

1.Classical states: the only objective of the classical states was the survival there main focus was the save the state and subjects from the aggression of inside as well as out side by inside mean the internal conspiricies as in the case of Julius ceaser.

2. Neo classical state:-:- in neo classical states focus shifted from the theory of " survival of fittest" to survial as well as economic well being the example of the neo classical staes are state of madina (the ideal state of the world), spain in nutt shell muslims era may be catogarised as the periods of neo classical states.

3. Modren state:-:- the modren states are those states whose focus not only on the theory of neo classical states as well as the focus of modren states is towards technological advancement, modren theory and practice of public adminstration, Diplomatic front trade is the main focus of the modren states.

Please dear comment on my analysis of states if there is any shortcoming your cirticism will be welcomed thanks

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Conquer Your Fear,it is a key to success

Survival is the only objective as well as a the biggest challenge which every society/state wants to achieve and overcome. As Hobbes puts it, social life is "war of all against all" How to ensure survival is the next major challenge; the only means to achieve is to accumulate and increase power, military, (in case of classical states) military and economic (in case of ne0-classical states) and military, economic, diplomatic, cultural and technological power. (in case of modern states) The concept of power has evolved with the evolution of human society from a simple to a complex organization, but power was and will remain the basic means of survival in this anarchical world. Our societies follow timeless wisdom of power.

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