Originally Posted by Khadija Noor

Original Para

Culture, in human societies, has two main aspects; an external, formal aspect and an inner, ideological aspect. The external forms of culture, social or artistic, are merely an organized expression of its inner ideological aspect, and both are an inherent component of a given social structure. They are changed or modified when this structure is changed or modified and because of this organic link they also help and influence such changes in their parent organism. Cultural Problems, therefore, cannot be studied or understood or solved in isolation from social problems, i.e. problems of political and economic relationships. The cultural problems of the underdeveloped countries, therefore, have to be understood and solved in the light of the larger perspective, in the context of underlying social problems. Very broadly speaking, these problems are primarily the problems of arrested growth; they originate primarily from long years of imperialist – Colonialist domination and the remnants of a backward outmoded social structure. This should not require much elaboration European Imperialism caught up with the countries of Asia, Africa or Latin America between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries. Some of them were fairly developed feudal societies with ancient traditions of advanced feudal culture. Others had yet to progress beyond primitive pastoral tribalism. Social and cultural development of them all was frozen at the point of their political subjugation and remained frozen until the coming of political independence. The culture of these ancient feudal societies, in spite of much technical and intellectual excellence, was restricted to a small privileged class and rarely intermingled with the parallel unsophisticated folk culture of the general masses. Primitive tribal culture, in spite of its child like beauty, had little intellectual content. Both feudal and tribal societies living contagiously in the same homelands were constantly engaged in tribal, racial, and religious or other feuds with their tribal and feudal rivals. Colonialist – imperialist domination accentuated this dual fragmentation, the vertical division among different tribal and national groups, the horizontal division among different classes within the same tribal or national group. This is the basic ground structure, social and cultural, bequeathed to the newly liberated countries by their former over lords.


Title : Transition in social & cultural paradigm

Culture is of two types; external & inner ideological. Both are inherent, changeable & inter-connected social structures. The cultural problems of the under-developed countries have to be taken under consideration with respect to their social problems. In 17th and 19th centuries, the imperialism dominancy within Asia, Africa or Latin America were on hike; who are the real victims. Some of them adopted feudal societies and others pastoral tribalism. Feudalists could not developed due to their political oppression and rare interaction with other multi-cultural tendency masses. On the contrary, tribal societies had little intellectual content. The differences accentuated due to colonist-imperalist domination. It indicates that how the social and cultural structures grant to the newly liberated countries.

Total words=356
Required words=108
Given Precis words=116

Originally Posted by Khadija Noor

Please check it

Great work indeed..More or less you have understood it, and your coherence is nice really...


Besant describing the middle class of the 9th century wrote " In the first place it was for more a class apart. "In no sense did it belong to society. Men in professions of any kind (except in the Army and Navy) could only belong to society by right of birth and family connections; men in trade—bankers were still accounted tradesmen—could not possibly belong to society. That is to say, if they went to live in the country they were not called upon by the county families and in the town they were not admitted by the men into their clubs, or by ladies into their houses… The middle class knew its own place, respected itself, made its own society for itself, and cheerfully accorded to rank the deference due."

Since then, however, the life of the middle classes had undergone great changes as their numbers had swelled and their influence had increased.

Their already well –developed consciousness of their own importance had deepened. More critical than they had been in the past of certain aspects of aristocratic life, they wee also more concerned with the plight of the poor and the importance of their own values of society, thrift, hand work, piety and respectability thrift, hand work, piety and respectability as examples of ideal behavior for the guidance of the lower orders. Above all they were respectable. There were divergences of opinion as to what exactly was respectable and what was not. There were, nevertheless, certain conventions, which were universally recognized: wild and drunker behaviors were certainly not respectable, nor were godlessness or avert promiscuity, not an ill-ordered home life, unconventional manners, self-indulgence or flamboyant clothes and personal adornments.

TITLE: An up heaval phase of Middle-class / Transitional phase of middle class from apathy to social acceptance

In the 9th century, the status of middle-class was not as alluring as it got so. The people of rural and urban areas had not admitted their subsistence and regarded them as unfit to their gatherings. Consequently, they established their own morale-enriched society and the size of middle-class accentuated multiply. Eventually they scored deference in society on the basis of their values, devout, generosity, economical attitude & empathy towards indigent and hapless masses of the society. Coventionally, they were prone to dis-organized, fornication, unethical, atheism & illicit activities respectively; which were universally practiced so.

Total words=282
Required words= 94

Overall, its a pretty good attempt, but I think title should be changed. It doesn't make sense...Change its title.. Overall, you have done it well...

Regards,

Originally Posted by abdulmoqeet

"As a kind of foot-note I should comment that there are those who doubt whether it is within the power of science to ensure over a prolonged period freedom from destitution and famine for mankind. The argument -is the old one of Malthus, that in the race between increasing population and increasing production, population must eventually win. Those of us who decline to accept this pessimistic view recognize the difficulty of the practical problem of meeting the needs of an ever-expanding population. We have, however, greater faith in human resourcefulness. We note that it is not only in the technology of production and medicine that the present generation differs so greatly from the one before. A similar rapid change is likewise occurring the thinking of masses of people. This change is brought about partly by experience with technology by more widespread education. Here lies a new realm in which dramatic advance is being made. The hope for the longer future lies in a growing understanding of the
conditions for the good life of man in a world of science and technology, and the acceptance of a morality that is consistent with these conditions. With the widespread thought now being given to such problems by persons whose thinking is schooled to rely on reason and tested fact. It is
evident that advance from this angle will also appear. Youth may, for example, consider these remarks as an effort to see in truer perspective the type of ideals that are appropriate to the age of science. Many are those who are now sharing to this exploration of human values.
The great question is whether such understanding of human goals and the corresponding development of morals can be achieved before the forces seen by Malthus, and emphasized so forcefully by recent writers, overwhelm the efforts of the pioneers in this new and critical field. I do not believe that this is inevitable. Jam confident of man’s ability to meet and solve this ethical problem that is so vital to the success of his effort to achieve physical and spiritual freedom. It is relevant that as I analyse the reasons for my faith in man’s eventual ability to meet this critical problem. I find that prominent in my mind is the confidence that God who made us holds for us an increasing density, to be achieved through our own efforts in the world setting that he supplies. This observation is significant in the present setting because it is my strong impression
that most of those who have the firm faith in man’s advancement likewise have a religious basis for their faith. If this impression is valid its consequence is clear. It means that it is men and women of religious faith on whom we must primarily rely to work strongly toward achieving a
favorable world society. It means also that those of religious faith because of their faith have a better chance of survival, a fact that has a bearing on the attitude that may be expected in the society of the future".

Title: the role of religious faith in accommodating the ever expanding population

it is doubtful that science can save humanity from disease and disaster, which may happen due to increasing population. difficulties in meeting the needs of increasing population are evident. But human beings are able to solve big problems. Education and technological advancements have raised needs for moral values and favorable social conditions which conform new ideological standards, so to achieve a prosperous and better future. this is also doubtful that whether man will be able to make new moral values before the unkind forces of population cross the critical limits. man has enough potential to sort out a better solution for this problem. this optimistic belief stands upon the belief in God that He has created ample resources for man. the people who believe in progress of man should necessarily have a religious basis for such belief. the people with religious belief can help achieve such moral standards which conform the scientific standards of contemporary world.

total words = 550
precis words = 170

Originally Posted by Khadija Noor

Please check it


Besant describing the middle class of the 9th century wrote " In the first place it was for more a class apart. "In no sense did it belong to society. Men in professions of any kind (except in the Army and Navy) could only belong to society by right of birth and family connections; men in trade—bankers were still accounted tradesmen—could not possibly belong to society. That is to say, if they went to live in the country they were not called upon by the county families and in the town they were not admitted by the men into their clubs, or by ladies into their houses… The middle class knew its own place, respected itself, made its own society for itself, and cheerfully accorded to rank the deference due."

Since then, however, the life of the middle classes had undergone great changes as their numbers had swelled and their influence had increased.

Their already well –developed consciousness of their own importance had deepened. More critical than they had been in the past of certain aspects of aristocratic life, they wee also more concerned with the plight of the poor and the importance of their own values of society, thrift, hand work, piety and respectability thrift, hand work, piety and respectability as examples of ideal behavior for the guidance of the lower orders. Above all they were respectable. There were divergences of opinion as to what exactly was respectable and what was not. There were, nevertheless, certain conventions, which were universally recognized: wild and drunker behaviors were certainly not respectable, nor were godlessness or avert promiscuity, not an ill-ordered home life, unconventional manners, self-indulgence or flamboyant clothes and personal adornments.

TITLE: An up heaval phase of Middle-class / Transitional phase of middle class from apathy to social acceptance

In the 9th century, the status of middle-class was not as alluring as it got so. The people of rural and urban areas had not admitted their subsistence and regarded them as unfit to their gatherings. Consequently, they established their own morale-enriched society and the size of middle-class accentuated multiply. Eventually they scored deference in society on the basis of their values, devout, generosity, economical attitude & empathy towards indigent and hapless masses of the society. Coventionally, they were prone to dis-organized, fornication, unethical, atheism & illicit activities respectively; which were universally practiced so.

Total words=282
Required words= 94


Regards,

Originally Posted by dany k

when i think of making a preci it feels like a big mission (dont laugh)
i am having problem with vocab using the right word. what should i do? please help me out. my vocab is not that bad but jst average.

Originally Posted by aleehaahmed

aslamoalikum to all... i m new member of css forum.....i will post one precis daily starting from 1974.........please seniors evaluate my precis. thanks in advance.
regards........aleeha ahmed