Originally Posted by ssara

Q:5. Critically evaluate the contribution of 'Faraizi Movement' in the life of Muslims in the Sub-Continent? (20 Marks)



In the first half of the nineteenth centrally, in the Bengal Muslim people and the society was suffering from many problems i.e religious, political and social. As a matter of fact, during that time, the British regime and the Hindus had imposed un-fair taxes on the Muslim people. Besides, the innocent people was being jailed owing to the hand made laws of the Hindus. However, agriculture condition was on apex. The Mulim labors used to work hard in order to product qualitative crops. Despite doing hard working they were not given to the legitimate salaries. On the other hand, un-Islamic policies were constituted by the British regime. Therefore, The condition of the Muslim people had been miserable and awful in such circumstances.

In such critical condition, A Movement was started by Haji Shariatullah with the name of Faraizi Movement in order to get the Muslim people in the fold of Islam and also he tried to fight against the unfair activities which were being done by the Hindus and the British regime. However, this movement was mainly on the basis of the basic beliefs and the practices of Islam. As Hajji Shariatullah proclaimed the agenda of his movement to get the Muslim people towards the teaching of Islam. On the other hand, he tried his best to work for the glorification of Islam and he openly opposed the the un-Islamic beliefs which had been constituted by the anti-Islamic actors. Besides he gave urged that the Muslim people would not carry Tazia and dancing in the weddings. He also replaced the trend of Piri Muridi into Usad and Shagird. Moreover, he he declared the Bengal a Dar-ul-Haurb that means a noon Muslims' country and ordered non observance of Friday and Eid prayers. Although, He strongly rejected the bear taxes and the the culture of the Hindus domination.

However, in 1840 he was died and the mission of his movement was carried on by his own son named Daddhu Mian. He was not well educated but was active in politics exclusively. Therefore, He carried on his father's mission. But, his ideologies was bit different from his father. He divided Bengal into parts and proclaimed that whenever a Muslim was found to pay un-fair taxes to the British regime then he would be punished before him. Because according to him the Muslim would not have to pay un-fair taxes of lands instead of legitimate revenue taxes. On the other hand, he was the view of that the whole territory is belonged to Almighty Allah. Therefore, one should not pay the un-fair dues or similar things on the name of taxes. Moreover, he dared to fight against the British regime and Hindus. He was brave personality who stood against the Hindu landlords and British regime. Though he tackle the anti-Islamic activities and faced the circumstances. As as a result, his success earned name and fame in all over the India. Therefore, after the alarming his brave activities, a conspiracy was made against him and he was arrested on the charges of sparking sedition and died in 1892.

To the sum up. The Faraizi Movement was against the British regime and the Hindus activities. As above mentioned that this movement was based mainly on the basis of Islamic Beliefs i.e sonic-economical. But, Haji Shariatullah did not make a strong strategy for the revival of the Bengali Muslims for instance In his agenda some other activities such as the prohabitation of Tazia, Shagirdi Muridi and the policies which he mad was not good enough. However, after his death his son fought against the British regime and the Hindus for the cause of legitimate rights of Bengali Hindus. But, Dhahdu Mia's punishment to the people on the name of paying agriculture tax was not a good act indeed. Undoubtedly, the Faraizi Movement was beneficial for the Bengali people but for the coming year it lacked in the agenda and its strategy according to the Quran and Sunna to the some extent exclusively.



Thanks.............

Originally Posted by shakeel ghori

Critically evaluate the contribution of 'Faraizi Movement' in the life of Muslims in the Sub-Continent

Fraizi Movement began in the first half of 19th century was aimed at reforming the fate of Bengali Muslims. The ignorance from Islam was prevailing. Muslims were being persecuted at the hands of cruel rulers. Till then the British government had acquired a strong hold over the sub-continent which had created great problems for Muslims. Hindu landlords, in collusion with British, used to persecute the Muslim peasantry. Muslims were being denied their fundamental rights. These were the circumstances which urged a great reformer and scholar to launch his movement to ameliorate Muslim society.

Haji Shriat Ullah, the founder of Fraizi movement was born at a small village of Faridpur district. At the very young age he left for Arabia where he received higher eduation in Islam under the guidance of ablest scholars of that time. After spending a long period there, he returned to sub-continent and started his reform movement. His movement basically focused the most depressed class of the Muslims. In the beginning he sought to spread his Islamic views in his own area, but gradually he started inviting the people of other areas as well to return to the true Islamic practices. Initially he faced a great opposition as the unwilling forces sought to curb his efforts. He noticed that the people were indulging themselves in the un-Islamic activities. He asked them to give up un-Islamic customs and practices and to act upon the commandments of the religion called Faraiz or duties. Hence his followers came to be known as Faraizi. The important aspects of his movement were:

1- He maintained that after the occupation of British, the sub-continent has become 'dar-ul-harb', therefore, prayer of 'Jumah' and 'Eid' could not be offered (Unless the country is liberated from infidels and again made 'Dar-ul-Islam)
2- The titles of 'Pir' and 'Mureed' should be replaced with the tiles of 'Ustad' and 'Shagird'. The overwhelming respect of the Mystics and religious scholars should be brought to an end for creating harmony and equality in society.
3-Muslim peasants are to be united so that they could fight against the injustices and persecutions of Hindu landlords.

The movement brought a new spirit in the people of Bengal. They got together against the Hindu landlords for the demand of their rights. Muslims came to realize the atrocities which were being committed against them and started raising their voice for their privileges. They abandoned un-Islamic practices and a new enthusiasm in Muslims for Islam was witnessed. The most important contribution of his movement was that it infused in Muslims the spirit of independence. Thus, Shriat-Ullah sowed the seeds of independence in Bengal which later on culminated in the war of independence. His movement did not stop after his death.

His son Mohisn-ud-din, popularly known as Dadu mian who was not well versed in Islamic teachings like his father, but possessed extraordinary organizational capabilities, kept this movement continue. He strengthened the movement by organizing it in a systematic way. Dadu mian acquired great fame among Muslim peasants. He infused a militant tinge in his movement by revolting against the government. In few areas, he established his own government by appointing Khalifas who established the rules and regulations over there on his directions. He established his own courts and asked everyone not to go to government for settling their disputes and other issues. He was particularly very strict against those landlords who dared to go to the government despite his reluctance.

His prime focus was to liberate Muslim peasants from cruelties of landlords. The Muslim peasant were required to pay heavy taxes for supporting the religious rituals of their Hindu lanlords. Dadu mian strongly opposed this practice and declared that the earth belonged to Allah Almighty and no one has right to occupy it and to impose taxes upon poor peasants. He incited the peasants to rebel against the landlords. His averse activities for landlords caused great problems for them and they joined hands to get rid of him.

The British government and landlords tried to use their usual tactics of leveling false allegations. He was accused of looting few homes; and was made to implicate in another false case of murder. However, due the lack of evidence he was not indicted.

Fraizi Movement had put immense courage in the Muslims to strive for their rights. Many un-Islamic activities were put to an end by the teachings of Haji shariat-ullah. The Muslim peasantry which was suffering at the hands of landlords instigated to throw the yoke of slavery. This movement had had a great impacts on the Muslim. Notwithstanding all its efforts for the cause of Muslims, this movement could not gain its true objectives, however. The participation of Dadu mian and his followers in the war of independence was motivated by religious zeal rather than rational strategy. The defeat in war caused great anguish in the Muslims as aftermaths of war were detrimental for them. Muslims were attributed with the charge of mutiny and British government inclined towards punishing the Muslims for settling all previous accounts. In these circumstances there had been no movement to support the Muslims who had become the most downtrodden community. This was the result of immediate-- without taking steps for proper organisation and preparation of war-- decision of the leaders of that movement to wage a war against British government.


Dear members, specially those who are taking part in this discussion, please do check my attempt and point out my mistakes.
Regards

Originally Posted by fadk

Shakeel gori and rest: can you please tell me source of your material? Because you have given great depth of all aspects. Did you study from ikram rabbani? And have you learnt all intricate details by heart or you were referring back to notes/books while attempting answers?

To be honest, I think I stand no chance infront of you all :-(

Originally Posted by ssara

Q:6. Briefly describe the evolution of Muslim society in the sub-continent?

Q:7. Analyze the factor responsible for the degeneration of the Muslim society in the sub-continent?


Note: From today we have to attempt two questions per day on the daily basis. Thanks....

Originally Posted by ssara

Originally Posted by shakeel ghori

It is nothing more than a humble request from dear members who have been taking part in this discussion: Please, keep discussing only one topic on daily basis for at least 1, or 2 months. Afterwards we shall expedite our work. It will be good because we need new members as well to take part in our discussion. So, there will be less chances for others to participate if we are going to make our efforts so cumbersome. There is also another important aspect of this strategy that only one topic is easy to prepare, accurate to write, and can effectively be commented upon..

Originally Posted by pearlyS

i second shakeel ghori....1 question for a day is enough....!

Originally Posted by fadk

Shakeel gori and rest: can you please tell me source of your material? Because you have given great depth of all aspects. Did you study from ikram rabbani? And have you learnt all intricate details by heart or you were referring back to notes/books while attempting answers?

To be honest, I think I stand no chance infront of you all :-(