It is a sad news for me . Qadaffi was a hero and i really praise him. I condemn his brutal killing and other innocent people on the name of Revolution. The murderers of Muslims and Qadaffi have to pay for it . Death to all of them and Death to those who are supporting them .

The question is very important .muamaer qaddafi jsut followed by the same pattren of death as Al-qaeda leader had . This is the time of collapse of monarch-system/Islamic socialism of Muslims countries .infact i am not in love of Qaddafi as others have but wana lemant about Islamic political system.the new world order emerged after the fall of communism .but problem lies after fall,in fascist regimes that hindered West purposes .What west wanted from muslims and what would be new strategy ,this is the question that can be asked in interview as well as in papers .so i want members to discuss revolutions so we have clear picture of future .

According me ,The greatest problem that hindered the objectives of west and sreve as debit card of regional powers .revolutions always started from hunger and lead toward social change .that chnage often contributes as "push-force" ---not pull one .so its direction is most often is inn negative direction.Over 40 years ago, Muammar al Qadhafi led a revolt against the Libyan monarchy in the name of nationalism, self-determination, and popular sovereignty. Opposition groups citing the same principles are now revolting against Qadhafi to bring an end to the authoritarian political system he has controlled in Libya for the last four decades. The Libyan government's use of force against civilians and opposition forces seeking Qadhafi's overthrow sparked an international outcry and led the United Nations Security Council to adopt Resolution 1973, which authorizes "all necessary measures" to protect Libyan civilians. The United States military is participating in Operation Unified Protector, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) military operation to enforce the resolution. Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, and other partner governments also are participating. Qadhafi and his supporters have described the uprising as a foreign and Islamist conspiracy and are attempting to outlast their opponents. Qadhafi remains defiant amid continuing coalition air strikes, and his forces continue to attack opposition-held areas. Some opposition figures have formed an Interim Transitional National Council (ITNC), which claims to represent all areas of the country. They seek foreign political recognition and material support. Resolution 1973 calls for an immediate cease-fire and dialogue, declares ......


“to take all necessary measures … to protect civilians and civilian populated areas under threat of attack in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, including Benghazi, while excluding a foreign occupation force of any form on any part of Libyan territory.”


what Africa has it is now matter of our concern.it has vast oil reserves.west hunger and lust for oil plus wanted to retain its hegemony compelled such step.this revolution can be good acc to west perspective. the BOnn accords in afghanistan and democract in iRaq anf fall of Saddam hussein brought further ruin not some thing satisfactory .but there is a war among Iraqi sects to diseects Iraqi region as sunni iraq,shi`aa iraq and kurd sunni iraq --to form kurdistan .The kurdiatan region is trnasnation region that has its junction with Iraq,turkey,syria and jordan .so formation of new kurdistan will facilitate USA to legilate oil law .west democracy for us is a kind a slavery and we are in such position ke we can`t escape from it unless we have our own innivative system that should be superior from democratic system .


one of the earth’s last large reserves of underused land is the billion-acre Guinea Savannah zone, a crescent-shaped swath that runs east across Africa all the way to Ethiopia, and southward to Congo and Angola.


And:

…as of earlier this year, the Ethiopian government had approved deals totaling around 1.5 million acres, while the country’s investment agency reports that it has approved 815 foreign-financed agricultural projects since 2007, nearly doubling the number registered in the entire previous decade. But that’s far from a complete picture. While the details of a few arrangements have leaked out, like one Saudi consortium’s plans to spend $100 million to grow wheat, barley and rice, many others remain undisclosed, and Addis Ababa has been awash in rumors of Arab moneymen who supposedly rent planes, pick out fertile tracts and cut deals.



The revolution in Tunisia and the toppling of Egypt's President Hosni Mubarak resemble any number of prior upheavals, except for one thing - the role played by social media. Facebook, in particular, which once seemed just a high-tech way for teenagers to waste time, is now emerging as an important political tool. Why has social media been so useful to the protesters in North Africa? How will it be applied next? Will it really change the world

'Friending' the RevolSocial Media | ParisTech Review

ution: North Africa's Uprisings and the Political Future of

Q1: What are your thoughts on the recent revolutions taking place in North Africa

AP:
Three aspects of these revolutions strike me. First, they dispel the nonsense perpetuated for a long time by many Western thinkers that the Islamic civilization or the Arab culture is incompatible with democracy. Secondly, they show the hypocrisy of the Western language of democracy promotion: confronted with the possibility that religious parties may win elections, several Western governments, gleefully echoed by the Russian Prime Minister, Vladimir Putin, discovered suddenly that some countries may not be yet ready for democracy. Finally, these revolutions constitute a defeat of Islamic extremism: the slogans of these revolutions are liberty, the end of corruption, and employment, rather than Islamic law.
Q3:
What is the link between democracy and development? To what extent does democracy affect development?

AP: There is no obvious link between democracy and the average level of economic growth. Democratic countries grow on the average at the same rate as the non-democratic ones. What is striking is that policies and economic outcomes are much more volatile in dictatorships. Some dictatorships generate economic miracles but many end up in disasters. Moreover, democracy promotes several aspects of social welfare, notably higher wages, more reliable social insurance policies, and better conditions for women.
The most immediate effect of democracy in North Africa and the Middle East should be a reduction of corruption, which means a better distribution of the effects of economic growth.

Q3: Can democracy survive where there is no rule of law?

AP: Democracy exists when parties, including the incumbent governments, obey the results of competitive elections. Obeying this rule is what makes democracy. But democracy should not be idealized: laws are routinely violated, including by governments, in most really existing democracies, including the United States.

Q4: On the contrary, can suppressing democracy for the sake of stability lead to development? For instance, as in the Chinese experience, where limiting certain liberties has helped pave the way for China's growth.
AP:
We do not know that limiting liberties helped pave the way for Chinas growth: perhaps China would have grown as rapidly without curtailing liberties. And I see a danger to growth in curtailing political liberties. China has no routine institutional mechanisms to peacefully process social and economic conflicts, which is why it had to repress violently in 1989. And there may be next time. In turn, in India major political conflicts are processed through free elections.
Q5:
In your view, is Africa ready for democracy and is democracy good for Africa?

AP: I do not believe that countries are or are not ready for democracy, that democracy requires what is normally called pre-requisites. Democracy is a method for a peaceful processing of conflicts while maintaining at least some political liberty. It is obviously a better method of processing conflicts than civil wars. Democracy does not solve all the social, economic, or political problems. It is not always clean, fair, or transparent. But it permits people to live in peace and liberty.

Q6: Several polls show that too often African referenda and elections are not transparent. Many political regimes, such as those in Zimbabwe or Burkina Faso, organise elections whose results are easily predictable. There are even those who, like the former president of the Ivory Coast, Laurent Gbagbo, don't accept their defeat. What is the use of an electoral system in situations where democracy is unsteady?

AP: The big issue in elections is what will happen to the losers. If they have too much to lose when their lives or their fortunes are at stake the rulers do everything they can to prevent an electoral defeat. The electoral mechanism works only if the stakes are not too high. This is why in many transitions to democracy the question of the guarantees for the authoritarian rulers was very important. But in the end, I believe, the success of elections depends on the political postures of the armed forces: note that both in Tunisia and in Egypt the army refused orders to shoot demonstrators.

Q7: Are we seeing a new resolve in the West to take on dictators that oppress their own people?

AP: No. What we are seeing are dictators being deposed by popular uprisings of the people who are sick and tired of repression and corruption. The West had a cosy relation with Ali, Mubarak, and Ghaddafi: business was good. Now Western governments are frantically trying to make sense of the new political situation and I believe that they would be quite happy with semi-authoritarian regimes that under the umbrella of the military would prevent electoral victories of religious forces.

Q8: What should the world be doing about dictators like Robert Mugabe who have entrenched themselves so much the people are not even allowed to gather in groups of five without police permission?

AP: I fear that there is little the world can do. The African community did have influence over the political negotiations in Zimbabwe but any external influence is limited. Well designed sanctions, targeted carefully at the authoritarian rulers but not on the population, seem to have some effect, but I do not see what else can be done.
Q9: How does aid, considering conditions attached and inconsistent delivery, contribute to the development of democracy?
AP: The effect of aid is extremely controversial these days among Western scholars. Aid has some positive effects on democracy Kenya under Moi is an example but often dictators capture aid and use it to consolidate their regimes or successfully use nationalist slogans against the recipients of foreign aid. In the end, democracy cannot be exported; at most it can be imported. And that means that the political impetus must come from within.

Adam Przeworski (born 1940) is a Polish-American professor of Political Science. One of the main important theorists and analysers of democratic societies, theory of democracy and political economy, he is currently a full professor at the Wilf Family Department of Politics of New York University. In 2010 he was awarded the Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science for "raising the scientific standards regarding the analysis of the relations between democracy, capitalism and economic development".

http://www.thezimbabwean.co.uk/comment/38866/revolutions-democracy-development--africas-future.html

comclusion is from above discusion is west is not blaming itself for such bloody revlolutions because it has exploited the youth of these coutries by socila media

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"Wa tu izzu man-ta shaa, wa tu zillu man-ta shaa"

Arab world has been divided in to nationlist bloc nad muslim brother hood. so saudi kings will favor the fall of qaddafi because these are proxies of iran --shia proxy in the form of Iran and sunni proxy in the form of HAMAS and HAMAS has won victory via democratic process .so how can this regime be toppled by rebellious group when this org. flourished via social work and mass contact .so to cut down linkages of iran proxies will harm not only Iran but also china and russia as well as pakistan and INDIA.ye question nae who killed him , koe be ker skta he ....question ye he ke libia me koe opposition force nae jo govt ma asakey ...who will rule libiya ???

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"Wa tu izzu man-ta shaa, wa tu zillu man-ta shaa"

Well, thats is the question arises, who will rule Libya now?
As we saw in the case of Saddam Hussain in Iraq, the situation is very much the same. Rebels who killed Muammar Gaddafi, are not in a position to take over the government. So its a ripe situation for Western Powers, who are actually responsible for these revolts, are likely to establish a so called democratic government just like in Iraq or in Afghanistan.

I see fate of Libya will be not different from the exampled countries.

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Left is Right

Yeh to hona he tha

A ruler should step aside when the people do not want him in power, this is a simple formula and justified one, what is point in blaming the west or any other country. For the four decades he ruled Libya, now the masses wanted change, but when they demanded it The tyrant turned his guns against them killing unarmed citizens including women and children. It is peoples victory and we must appreciate it instead of mourning the death of a tyrant who suppressed his own people whom he was supposed provide security.

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Prejudice is an opinion without judgment. Voltaire my hero

Unjust rule came to an end.Thank God.what follows is in the hand of libiyans.

Nato should have stayed out of libiyan internal matter.there intervention in this matter is the reflection of their motives.

instead of nato, UNO should have played its role in this situation.

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Puppet,Slave,Lover

It means you rebel against the universally accepted principles: rule by consent and law. For Qadafi's rule was devoid both of law and consent. 2ndly those who stood against Qadafi are Muslims too, they demanded their rights, which you seem to enjoy in your own country. NATO's role is condemnable no doubt, but had Qadafi agreed to the peoples' demands, NATO would not have the chance to intervene. Qadafi could have put forward a road map for running the affairs of government in future, he could have held general elections, he could have empowered his people by stepping down. His outright rejection of everything hastened his fall and finally death. Why on earth we have such heroes who chain their people, deny freedom and fundamental rights to the people, and kill their people at will. These heroes of stone age must go, instead just law should reign.

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Prejudice is an opinion without judgment. Voltaire my hero

Bad time for Libya is yet to be started. they will crave for the past they had in presence of Qaddaffi.

Lolz bahi sahb ap ya BBC r Guardian ki parhi hoi stories kahin aur quote krain . for your kind information I am not a pro-democracy person so don't tell me these so called civil rights and freedom type myths which are only bestowed upon mighty and powerful people. the common people don't have anything to do with these things. and yes! you are right , I rebelled , I always rebelled against those rules which are only implicated to lay men and the status quo is always exempted from those rules. and for Nato thing , its my humble request to read some good stuff and you will better know where it intervened and for whom Nato works??

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Sangdil Riwajoon ki ya Imart-e-Kohna Toot bhi Tou Skti hay
Yeh Aseer Sehzadi Choot bhi tou Skti hay